Empirical research in various countries shows that a significant part of the population is subjectively identified with the middle classes. Starting from a classification of people in society developed by individuals themselves, we analyze how they identify with a social position. Our analysis is based on a survey in which the participants were asked to perform a classification game of vignettes representative of people in Chilean society. The survey was applied in Chile in the year 2016 to a sample of 2,000 individuals statistically representative of the population. The results show the criteria that predominate when classifying people in society and what influences the definition of their social position by individuals, who self-identify mainly with a lower category.
Stratification; Social inequality; Social class; Subjectivity; Chile; Latin America
Fuente: Encuesta Clasificaciones, Chile, 2016.
Fuente: Elaboración de los autores a partir de la Encuesta Clasificaciones, Chile, 2016.
Fuente: Elaboración de los autores a partir de la Encuesta Clasificaciones, Chile, 2016.
Nota: Sujeto de referencia: Mujer, >=46 años, profesional de menor nivel, ingresos entre CH$300.000 y $500.000, con estudios secundarios completos o educación técnica, sin movilidad intergeneracional y sin pertenencia a pueblos indígenas. Las probabilidades fueron comparadas según el área de residencia, en donde CI: Ciudad intermedia, C: Concepción, V: Valparaíso, SRZ: Santiago resto zonas, SO: Santiago oriente.Fuente: Elaboración de los autores a partir de la Encuesta Clasificaciones, Chile, 2016.