Many estimates of rates of return for education have been produced, based on the Mincer's model. But some of the hyphoteses (linearity and separability), so that the ("mincer") school coefficient is interpreted as rate of return, are tested and rejected. When relaxing such hypotheses, we estimate the internal rates of return Becker (1975) and we get biases that arrive to 14 percentile points in relation to the "mincer coefficient". Thus, the magnitude of these returns is much lower than the papers based on Mincer's model. In the estimates we incorporate the sample design of PNAD and correct the problem of bias of sample selection.
