Phosphorus fertilization and growth of buffel grass (<i>Cenchrus ciliares</i> L.) cultivars

Giongo, Vanderlise; Salviano, Alessandra M.; Santos, Betina R. C. dos; Leal, Emylly F.

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n1p34-38

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Manejo de Solo, Água e Planta • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 19 (1) • Jan 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n1p34-38 copy

Phosphorus fertilization and growth of buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliares L.) cultivars

Adubação fosfatada e crescimento de cultivares de capim-buffel (Cenchrus ciliares L.)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Phosphorus (P) plays an important role in the growth of root system as well as the tillering grass, being fundamental to increase the productivity of these species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the development of buffel grass cultivars and establish critical values of P in plant and soil. The experimental set up was a 4 x 5 factorial scheme (four Cenchrus ciliaris cvs.: Biloela, Aridus, CPATSA 7754 and Pusa Giant, and five doses of P₂O₅ - 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha^-1) with four replications. After 90 days of cultivation, dry mass of shoot (DMS) and root (DMR) production and the P accumulation (P_acc) were determined. Soil samples to determine the P content and determination of the critical level (C_riL_ev) were also collected. The cv. Biloela presented lower DMR and DMS production compared to the other cultivars. The cultivares Biloela, Pusa Giant and Aridus showed different critical levels of P in soil and plant, obtained in the greenhouse showing that they have different requirement of this nutrient for their growth. The cultivar CPATSA 7754 showed higher phosphorus requirement and did not permit to establish critical levels with doses used in the present study.

critical level; root system; pasture

	DP_S	DP_R	Ps	P_R	Soil
	(g pot^-1)		(mg pot^-1)		mg kg^-1
P₂O₅ doses
0	3.83	1.95	491.88	0.96	2.92
30	7.00	3.51	706.25	2.49	9.35
60	8.64	4.88	1543.13	7.56	41.42
90	9.08	5.68	3733.75	20.91	80.73
120	10.31	6.83	3717.50	25.15	120.59
Cultivars
Biloela	6.51 b	4.08 b	2140.50 a	11.04 a	42.95 b
Aridus	8.31 a	4.99 a	1949.50 a	11.95 a	55.70 a
CPATSA 7754	8.14 a	4.42 ab	2077.00 a	10.16 a	51.24 ab
Pusa Giant	8.15 a	4,80 ab	1987.00 a	12.51 a	54.12 ab
Factors
Cultivars (C)	12.7**	3.12*	1.41ns	2.20^ns	2.93*
Doses (D)	88.98**	54.92**	379.92**	198.07**	179.25**
C x D	2.17*	2,11*	1.87ns	2.07*	3.10**
CV (%)	13.65	22.41	16.00	27.35	29.09

Variable	Equation	R²
C. ciliaris cv. Biloela
DMS (g)	y = 2.800 + 0.1164^* O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x – 0.0006^* O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x²	0.9883
DMR (g)	y = 1.700 + 0.0397^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.9520
P_accS (g pot^-1)	y = 0.008 + 0.0001^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.8858
P_accR (g pot^-1)	y = – 0.002 + 0.0002^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.8670
P_rec (mg kg^-1)	y = – 8.569 + 0.8587^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.9149
C. ciliaris cv. Aridus
DMS (g)	y = 3.700 + 0.1370^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x – 0.0007^* O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x²	0.9938
DMR (g)	y = 2.300 + 0.0442^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.9740
P_accS (g pot^-1)	y = 0.0104 + 0.0001^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.9212
P_accR (g pot^-1)	y = – 0.002 + 0.0002^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.9487
P_rec (mg kg^-1)	y = – 14.554 + 1.1709^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.9277
C. ciliaris CPATSA 7754
DMS (g)	y = 5.300 + 0.046^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.9215
DMR (g)	y = 3.100 + 0.0213^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.8479
P_accS (g pot^-1)	y = 0.011 + 0.0001^* O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.7714
P_accR (g pot^-1)	y = – 0.001 + 0.0002^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.9487
P_rec (mg kg^-1)	y = – 2.169 + 0.8901^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.9383
C. ciliaris Pusa Giant
DMS (g)	y = 4.300 + 0.09631^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x – 0.0004^o O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x²	0.7602
DMR (g)	y = 1.600 + 0.0538^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.9823
P_accS (g pot^-1)	y = 0.007 +0.0002^* O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.8148
P_accR (g pot^-1)	y = – 0.004 + 0.0003^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.9155
P_rec (mg kg^-1)	y = – 16.0665+1.1698^** O, * and ** Significant to 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 respectivly x	0.9223

Cultivar	RP	NiCr_soil	NiCr_plant	P_Rec
Cultivar	kg ha^-1	mg dm^-3	g kg^-1	mg dm^-3/mg dm^-3
Biloela	87.20	87.55	1.9934	0.8587
Áridus	88.20	67.16	2.2074	1.1709
CPATSA 7754				0.8901
Pusa Giant	108.35	110.68	2.8558	1.1698
Media				1.0224

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