Temporal trend in the prevalence of indicators related to driving a motor vehicle after alcohol consumption, between 2007 and 2018

Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Bernal, Regina Tomie Ivata; Silva, Alanna Gomes da; Lima, Cheila Marina de; Machado, Ísis Eloah; Silva, Marta Maria Alves da

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Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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ORIGINAL ARTICLES • Rev. bras. epidemiol. 23 (Suppl 01) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720200012.SUPL.1 copy

Temporal trend in the prevalence of indicators related to driving a motor vehicle after alcohol consumption, between 2007 and 2018

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

Objective:

To analyze the temporal trend of indicators related to motor vehicle driving after alcohol consumption, in the general population and among drivers.

Methods:

Temporal trend study of indicators related to driving motorized vehicles after alcohol consumption, between 2007 and 2018, based on information from Vigitel. The population consisted of adults (≥ 18 years old) living in Brazilian capitals with a landline. Trend analysis was performed by linear regression.

Results:

Between 2007 and 2018, there was a reduction in the indicator “driving a vehicle after alcohol abuse by the population” from 2.0% to 0.7% (p < 0.001). This consumption when calculated only among drivers decreased from 3.5 in 2011 to 1.6 in 2018 (p < 0.003). Driving a vehicle by drivers after consuming any amount of alcohol had high prevalences, ranging from 15.7% (2011) to 11.4% (2018). Prevalence in all indicators was higher among men, younger adults (18 to 34 years) and with higher education.

Conclusion:

The practice of alcohol abuse and driving reduced in Brazil, however, driving after drinking any amount of alcohol still remains high. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain regulatory measures to control alcohol and driving in order to reduce traffic accidents.

Keywords:
Automobile driving. Alcohol drinking. Accidents; traffic. Risk factors. Health surveys

			2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018
Sex	Male	%	3.99	3.09	3.49	3.09	2.98	3.27	2.10	2.88	1.85	2.22	1.72	1.36
	Male	Var.	3.99	-0.90*	0.40	-0.40	-0.11	0.29	-1.17*	0.78*	-1.03*	0.37	-0.50	-0.36
	Female	%	0.33	0.26	0.27	0.28	0.27	0.25	0.26	0.18	0.17	0.20	0.11	0.19
	Female	Var.	0.33	-0.07	0.01	0.01	-0.01	-0.02	0.01	-0.08	-0.01	0.03	-0.09	0.08
Schooling (years)	0 to 8	%	1.33	1.04	1.17	0.82	0.69	0.89	0.69	0.77	0.50	0.55	0.57	0.43
	0 to 8	Var.	1.33	-0.29	0.13	-0.35	-0.13	0.20	-0.20	0.08	-0.27	0.05	0.02	-0.14
	9 to 11	%	2.23	1.47	1.63	1.64	1.63	1.70	1.11	1.67	1.24	1.08	0.78	0.68
	9 to 11	Var.	2.23	-0.76*	0.16	0.01	-0.01	0.07	-0.59*	0.56*	-0.43	-0.16	-0.30	-0.10
	≥12	%	3.22	2.79	3.06	2.79	2.67	2.69	1.69	1.95	1.10	1.77	1.20	1.06
	≥12	Var.	3.22	-0.43	0.27	-0.27	-0.12	0.02	-1.00*	0.26	-0.85*	0.67*	-0.57*	-0.14

			2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018
Sex	Male	%	4.67	5.00	3.21	4.52	2.87	3.27	2.62	2.10
	Male	Variation	4.67	0.33	-1.79*	1.31*	-1.65*	0.40	-0.65	-0.52
	Female	%	1.07	0.92	0.91	0.65	0.58	0.63	0.35	0.60
	Female	Variation	1.07	-0.15	-0.01	-0.26	-0.07	0.05	-0.28	0.25
Schooling (years)	0 to 8	%	2.46	3.04	2.26	2.85	1.72	1.81	2.01	1.47
	0 to 8	Variation	2.46	0.58	-0.78	0.59	-1.13	0.09	0.20	-0.54
	9 to 11	%	3.95	3.80	2.51	3.81	2.79	2.43	1.81	1.66
	9 to 11	Variation	3.95	-0.15	-1.29*	1.30*	-1.02	-0.36	-0.62	-0.15
	≥ 12	%	3.77	3.86	2.46	2.85	1.59	2.49	1.71	1.53
	≥ 12	Variation	3.77	0.09	-1.40*	0.39	-1.26*	0.90*	-0.78*	-0.18

			2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018
Sex	Male	%	12.55	12.58	9.37	10.72	9.82	12.89	11.69	9.25
	Male	Variation	12.55	0.03	-3.21*	1.35*	-0.90	3.07*	-1.20	-2.44*
	Female	%	1.92	2.29	1.57	1.74	1.80	2.53	2.52	1.96
	Female	Variation	1.92	0.37	-0.72*	0.17	0.06	0.73*	-0.01	-0.56*
Schooling (years)	0 to 8	%	3.27	3.84	2.78	3.07	3.04	3.16	3.81	2.86
	0 to 8	Variation	3.27	0.57	-1.06*	0.29	-0.03	0.12	0.65	-0.95
	9 to 11	%	6.41	7.07	5.07	5.94	5.26	6.63	5.30	4.50
	9 to 11	Variation	6.41	0.66	-2.00*	0.87	-0.68	1.37*	-1.33*	-0.80
	≥12	%	13.05	11.72	8.65	9.65	8.91	12.32	11.24	8.62
	≥12	Variation	13.05	-1.33	-3.07*	1.00	-0.74	3.41*	-1.08	-2.62*

			2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018
Sex	Male	%	19.66	19.22	14.28	16.85	15.23	18.99	17.85	14.24
	Male	Variation	19.66	-0.44	-4.94*	2.57*	-1.62	3.76*	-1.14*	-3.61
	Female	%	7.42	8.18	5.45	6.25	5.99	7.94	7.97	6.25
	Female	Variation	7.42	0.76	-2.73*	0.80	-0.26	1.95*	0.03	-1.72*
Schooling (years)	0 to 8	%	11.71	13.09	9.07	11.26	10.39	10.38	13.28	9.62
	0 to 8	Variation	11.71	1.38	-4.02*	2.19	-0.87	-0.01	2.90	-3.66*
	9 to 11	%	15.48	15.81	11.41	13.54	11.84	14.81	12.33	10.88
	9 to 11	Variation	15.48	0.33	-4.40*	2.13	-1.70	2.97*	-2.48*	-1.45
	≥ 12	%	18.43	16.81	12.57	14.10	12.93	17.31	16.07	12.38
	≥ 12	Variation	18.43	-1.62	-4.24*	1.53	-1.17	4.38*	-1.24	-3.69*

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[1] Corresponding author: Deborah Carvalho Malta. Departamento de Enfermagem Materno Infantil e Saúde Pública, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efigênia, CEP: 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. E-mail: dcmalta@uol.com.br