Factors associated with condom use inyoung people-A population-based survey

A population-based survey with young people aged 15-24, in the city of São Paulo, which collected sociodemographic data referring to knowledge about sex and sexual behavior.

Results:

Among 821 sexually active young people interviewed in the last year, condom use in their last sexual intercourse was positively associated with: 1) not being married; 2) use of condom at sexual onset; and 3) receiving free condoms; additionally, among men: 4) casual partners in the previous year; and 5) partner of the same sex; and, amongwomen: 6) sexual onset after the age of 15. Having been tested for HIV was a negative association among women. Condoms are widely acknowledged, and there is a pattern of use for the first and last sexual intercourse. Access to free condoms is an important factor for use, and people use condoms according to standards that configure risk management.

Conclusions:

The strategy of primary prevention with the use of condoms is not yet exhausted. Based on this study, the city of São Paulo takes prevention as a public policy and allocates large condoms dispensers in 26 urban bus terminals, where 6million people circulate daily. In 2016, 75,546,720 free condoms were distributed, 30% in bus terminals alone.

Keywords:
Condoms; Sexual behavior; Safe sex; Disease prevention; Adolescent; AIDS serodiagnosis

Variables	n	%	95%CI
Gender
Female	445	51.6	(49.9 - 53.3)
Male	417	48.4	(46.7 - 50.0)
Marital status
Never been married	306	35.5	(33.4 - 37.6)
Married or living with partner	532	61.7	(59.6 - 63.7)
Lived with a partner before/separated	24	2.8	(1.8 - 4.2)
Schooling
Primary school (incomplete or complete)	203	23.6	(19.2 - 28.6)
High school (incomplete or complete)	513	59.5	(54.6 - 64.2)
Higher education (incomplete or complete)	146	16.9	(12.3 - 22.8)
Religion
Catholic	285	33.1	(29.9 - 36.2)
Protestant	168	19.5	(16.8 - 22.1)
Other	33	3.8	(2.5 - 5.1)
No religion	376	43.6	(40.3 - 46.9)
Ethnicity
White	434	50.4	(45.2 - 55.4)
Black	136	15.8	(12.8 - 19.2)
Brown	257	29.8	(25.7 - 34.2)
Yellow/indigenous/other	35	4.1	(2.5 - 6.4)
Economic classification
A/B	367	42.6	(36.6 - 48.7)
C	448	52.0	(46.4 - 57.4)
D/E	47	5.5	(3.6 - 8.1)

Variables	Bivariate		Multiple
Variables	PR_g	95%CI	PR_a	95%CI
Age*	0.95	(0.92 - 0.98)
Marital status
Never been married	1		1
Married or living with partner	1.84	(1.52 - 2.23)	1.61	(1.26 - 2.05)
Lived with a partner before/separated	0.89	(0.41 - 1.95)	0.86	(0.40 - 1.83)
Economic classification
A/B	1
C	0.81	(0.66 - 1.00)
D/E	1.08	(0.70 - 1.65)
Ethnicity
White	1
Black	1.27	(0.98 - 1.65)
Brown	0.86	(0.66 - 1.11)
Yellow/indigenous/other	0.87	(0.50 - 1.49)
Use of condom at first sexual intercourse
No	1		1
Yes	1.58	(1.25 - .00)	1.54	(1.24 - 1.92)
Fix partner in the last year
No	1
Yes	0.59	(0.48 - 0.72)
Casual sex in the last year
No	1
Yes, up to 5	1.92	(1.58 - 2.33)
Yes, more than 5	1.50	(1.13 - 1.99)
Age of first sexual intercourse (years)
≤ 15	1
> 15	1.20	(0.95 - 1.52)	1.25	(1.02 - 1.54)
Knowledge about HIV/AIDS
Sexual intercourse with loyal partner avoids infection
Yes	1
No/does not know	0.77	(0.58 - 1.00)
AIDS is a chronic disease
Yes	1
No	0.82	(0.61 - 1.1)
Access to free condom
No	1		1
Yes	1.23	(0.96 - 1.57)	1.37	(1.12 - 1.68)
Has used cocaine
No	1
Yes, but not lately	0.50	(0.22 - 1.12)
Yes and currently uses	0.95	(0.23 - 3.96)
HIV test in lifetime
No	1		1
Yes, but not in the last year	0.65	(0.46 - 0.92)	0.72	(0.53 - 0.97)
Yes, in the last year	0.74	(0.54 -1.02)	0.69	(0.51 - 0.92)

Variables	Bivariate		Multiple
Variables	PR_g	95%CI	PR_a	95%CI
Age*	0.91	(0.87 - 0.94)	0.96	(0.92 - 0.99)
Marital status
Never been married	1		1
Married or living with partner	2.03	(1.62 - 2.54)	1.41	(1.11 - 1.79)
Lived with a partner before/separated	1.72	(1.03 - 2.85)	1.44	(0.89 - 2.34)
Use of condom at first sexual intercourse
No	1		1
Yes	1.38	(1.10 - 1.72)	1.23	(1.00 - 1.51)
Fix partner in the last year
No	1		**	**
Yes	0.74	(0.59 -0.92)	**	**
Casual sex in the last year
No	1		1
Yes, up to 5	2.12	(1.71 - 2.63)	1.57	(1.24 - 1.98)
Yes, more than 5	1.81	(1.43 - 2.28)	1.40	(1.12 - 1.75)
Age of first sexual intercourse (years)
≤ 15	1		**	**
> 15	0.73	(0.58 - 0.92)	**	**
More than one sexual partner in life
No	1		**	**
Yes	0.81	(0.63 - 1.04)	**	**
Sexual intercourse with person of the same sex in lifetime
No	1		1
Yes	1.66	(1.38 - 1.99)	1.23	(1.00 - 1.51)
Knowledge about HIV/AIDS
Sexual intercourse with loyal partner avoids infection
Yes	1		**	**
No/does not know	1.44	(1.22 - 1.68)	**	**
Access to free condom
No	1		1
Yes	1.59	(1.32 - 1.90)	1.39	(1.17 - 1.67)
Has used cocaine
No	1		**	**
Yes, but not lately	1.23	(0.92 - 1.63)	**	**
Yes and currently uses	1.03	(0.71 - 1.49)	**	**
Has used/uses alcohol
No	1		**	**
Yes, but not lately	1.41	(1.02 - 1.96)	**	**
Yes and currently uses	1.44	(1.07 - 1.94)	**	**
HIV test in lifetime
No	1		**	**
Yes, but not in the last year	0.98	(0.62 - 1.54)	**	**
Yes, in the last year	1.39	(1.05 - 1.83)	**	**

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E-mail: revbrepi@usp.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Eliana Battaggia Gutierrez. Rua Taboão, 32, Sumaré, CEP: 01256-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. E-mail:elianagutierrez286@gmail.com