Improving feathering in different nursery apple trees by plant growth regulators

Ramificação lateral em diferentes mudas de macieira pela aplicação de reguladores de crescimento vegetal

Abstract

Feathering in apple nursery trees is a critical operation used to increase the quality of planting material. Plant growth regulators (PGR) could be used to form feathers in apple nursery trees. The main goal was to study the impact of different PGR and concentrations on feathering promotion in different nursery apple trees. The study had three different trials where the specific aims were to study the impact of: i) different rates of 6-benzyladenine (6-BA); ii) different PGR (6-BA and 6-BA + GA4₊₇) on feathering promotion, and; iii) 6-BA on feathering promotion and prohexadione calcium (P-Ca) on trunk thickening under greenhouse conditions. Both 6-BA and 6-BA + GA₄₊₇ were effective inducing feathering in the different cultivars tested. 6-BA reduced final young plants grafted height only in one out of three seasons, reducing an average of 15 and 10 cm on ‘Early Red One’ and ‘Fuji’ apple nursery trees, respectively. P-Ca reduced tree growth rate 4-5 weeks after sprayed, but the difference did not persist until the end of the season. Trunk diameter was not affected by the different plant growth regulators and concentrations tested. 6-BA alone or in combination with GA₄₊₇ is an efficient tool to feathering formation in different nursery apple cultivars and conditions.

Index terms
Malus × domestica Borkh.; tree height; 6-benzyladenine; gibberellins 4+7; prohexadione calcium