Cross-cultural adaptation of the original version of the Older Adults Socio-familial Evaluation Scale to the Brazilian context

Zanela, Luciana Shirley Pereira; Gonzalez, Jesús Vicente García; Souza, Albert Schiaveto de; Oliveira, Samuel Leite; Carvalho, Alexandra Maria Almeida

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Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia

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Sumário

Original Articles • Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol. 24 (2) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562021024.200338 copy

Cross-cultural adaptation of the original version of the Older Adults Socio-familial Evaluation Scale to the Brazilian context

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective

To cross-culturally translate and adapt the Spanish Older Adults Socio-familial Evaluation Scale (Gijón Scale) to the Brazilian context.

Methods

A methodological procedure of cross-cultural adaptation with translation (Spanish-Portuguese), back-translation (Portuguese-Spanish), evaluation of semantic, idiomatic, experimental, and conceptual equivalences, and pretest of the Brazilian version in a sample of 30 older adults. For the concordance analysis, proportionality and the Kappa Cohen-Fleiss index (κ) were measured. In addition, internal consistency was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha.

Results

Translations (T1 and T2), back-translations (RT1 and RT2), and evaluations of the synthesis version (T12) were carried out by a Committee of Experts, and a neutral judge ensured the evaluative essence of the original version of the scale in T12. The evaluation of the 34 components of T12 showed semantic (100%) and idiomatic (94%) adequacy, and adequacy greater than 70% for experimental and conceptual equivalences. There was almost perfect concordance among the experts of the Committee: semantics (κ=0.95), idiomatic (κ=0.97), experimental (κ=0.98), and conceptual (κ=0.99). The T12 pretest resulted in substantial reliability of the instrument with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.77.

Conclusion

The present study ensures the cross-cultural adaptation of the Socio-familial Evaluation Scale to the context of the older person living in Brazil. The equivalence evaluation resulted in almost perfect concordance among experts. The target audience did not report difficulties in understanding the assertions of the scale. The instrument proved to be reliable considering the Cronbach’s alpha obtained. After validating the scale, an ongoing study, a reliable instrument will be made available for tracking the socio-familial situation of older adults in the Brazilian context.

Keywords
Validation Study; Risk; Health of the Elderly; Social Vulnerability

Description	=			T1	T2
Name of the Scale	1 item	-	-	-	-
5 - 9 points	1 item	-	-	-	-
10 - 14 points	1 item	-	-	-	-
Over 15 points	1 item	-	-	-	-
Domain title	5 items	-	-	-	-
Assertions Domain A	-	A.2; A.3	A.1; A.5	-	A.4
Assertions Domain B	B.4	B.3	B.2; B.5	B.1	-
Assertions Domain C	-	-	C.1; C.2; C.3; C.4	C.5	-
Assertions Domain D	D.1; D.2; D.3;D.4	-	-	-	D.5
Assertions Domain E	-	-	D.1; D.2; D.3; D.5	E.4	-
Total	14 items	3 items	12 items	3 items	2 items

Description	RT1	RT2	Evaluation
Name of the scale	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Score range: 5 – 9 points	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Score range: 10 – 14 points	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Score range: Over 15 points	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Domain A	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion A.1	A	A	RT2
Assertion A.2	A	A	T12
Assertion A.3	I	A	RT2
Assertion A.4	I	A	RT2
Assertion A.5	A	A	RT2
Domain B	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion A.1	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion B.2	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion B.3	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion B.4	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion B.5	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Domain C	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion C.1	A	A	RT1
Assertion C.2	A	A	RT1
Assertion C.3	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion C.4	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion C.5	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Domain D	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion D.1	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion D.2	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion D.3	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion D.4	A	A	RT2
Assertion D.5	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Domain E	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion E.5	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion E.2	A	A	RT1
Assertion E.3	A	A	RT1 and RT2
Assertion E.4	A	A	RT2
Assertion E.5	A	A	RT1 and RT2

Evaluative Domains	Standard Deviation	Scale average if the item is excluded	Cronbach’s alpha if the item is excluded
Domain A ⁽¹⁾	1.2	7.57	0.77
Domain B ⁽²⁾	0.8	6.40	0.82
Domain C ⁽³⁾	0.9	8.33	0.70
Domain D ⁽⁴⁾	1.1	8.00	0.66
Domain E ⁽⁵⁾	0.8	8.50	0.65
Scale total	1.21	9.7	0.77

Component	Description
Domain A	Family Situation
Assertion A.1	Lives with the family without physical or psychological dependence
Assertion A.2	Lives only with spouse of about the same age without physical or psychological dependence
Assertion A.3	Lives with family (and/or spouse) and has some degree of physical or psychological dependence
Assertion A.4	Lives alone and has child(ren) who live nearby
Assertion A.5	Lives alone and has no child(ren) or child(ren) reside(s) far away
Domain B	Economic Situation
Assertion B.1	Individual income above 2.4 times the minimum wage
Assertion B.2	Individual income from 1.3 to 2.4 times the minimum wage
Assertion B.3	Individual income from 1 to 1.3 times the minimum wage
Assertion B.4	Individual income from BPC/LOAS
Assertion B.5	No individual income or income less than 1 minimum wage
Domain C	Housing Situation
Assertion C.1	Adequate housing for the older person’s needs (basic sanitation, water supply, electricity supply, and accessibility)
Assertion C.2	House with architectural barriers (stairs, steps, narrow doors, etc.)
Assertion C.3	Housing with poor hygiene, humidity (mold and fungi), inadequate ventilation and lighting
Assertion C.4	Housing without telephone and/or elevator (in case of a two-story house or apartment)
Assertion C.5	Inadequate housing (declared to be destroyed, shacks, tenements, etc.) and/or lack of basic infrastructure (water supply, electricity supply, sewage, or septic tank) or living on the streets
Domain D	Social Relations
Assertion D.1	Social relationship with support network (family, neighbors, work, friends, community, etc.)
Assertion D.2	Social relationship only with family and neighbors
Assertion D.3	Social relationship only with family or only with neighbors
Assertion D.4	Does not leave the house, but receives visits
Assertion D.5	Does not leave the house nor receive visits nor have any social relationships with the support network
Domain E	Social Support Network
Assertion E.1	Receives social support from family or neighbors
Assertion E.2	Receives volunteer service at home from the public and/or private network
Assertion E.3	Has no social support network, but is able to stay home and perform self-care
Assertion E.4	Needs to join the LTCF due to a situation of social vulnerability
Assertion E.5	Needs permanent care in the LTCF for basic and instrumental activities of daily living

Global Score
From 5-9 points		Adequate or acceptable social situation
From 10-14 points		There is social risk
Over 15 points		There is a social problem

Universidade do Estado do Rio Janeiro Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524 - Bloco F, 20559-900 Rio de Janeiro - RJ Brasil, Tel.: (55 21) 2334-0168 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: revistabgg@gmail.com

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[1] Correspondence Luciana Zanela lucianazanela@yahoo.com.br

Brasil

Brasil

Cross-cultural adaptation of the original version of the Older Adults Socio-familial Evaluation Scale to the Brazilian context

Abstract

﻿Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Objective