Factors associated with diabetes among the elderly receiving care at a specialized gerontology-geriatric outpatient clinic

To identify the prevalence of diabetes and its relation to associated factors in elderly persons receiving care at a specialist gerontology-geriatric outpatient service. A descriptive cross-sectional study of 301 elderly persons of both genders was performed.

Method:

The bivariate analysis was performed using the Pearson’s Chi-square test for Independence and Fisher's exact test, considering 5% of significance and 95% confidence. A multivariate logistic regression model was adjusted to identify factors that may influence the occurrence of diabetes.

Result:

There was no statistically significant association between the prevalence of diabetes and socioeconomic and demographic variables, behavioral factors and health conditions. Only the Body Mass Index variable was close to being statistically significant (p=0.059).

Conclusion:

The result confirms the need to develop new studies on the subject to consider the particularities and specificities of the elderly population to enable the creation of educational intervention strategies aimed at this group.

Keywords:
Diabetes Mellitus; Prevalence; Elderly

Authorship

Roberta de Souza Pereira da Silva Ramos

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de PernambucoBrazilRecife, PE, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Recife, PE, Brasil.

Ana Paula de Oliveira Marques

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Medicina Social, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de PernambucoBrazilRecife, PE, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Medicina Social, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Recife, PE, Brasil.

Vânia Pinheiro Ramos

Anna Karla de Oliveira Tito Borba

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Enfermagem. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de PernambucoBrazilRecife, PE, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Enfermagem. Recife, PE, Brasil.

Avelino Maciel Alves de Aguiar

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Medicina Social, Programa de Pós-graduação Integrado em Saúde Coletiva. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de PernambucoBrazilRecife, PE, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Medicina Social, Programa de Pós-graduação Integrado em Saúde Coletiva. Recife, PE, Brasil.

Márcia Carréra Campos Leal

Correspondence Roberta de Souza Pereira da Silva Ramos E-mail: roberta_sps@hotmail.com

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Tables

Tables (4)

Thumbnail

Table 1
Prevalence of diabetes among elderly persons receiving care at a geriatric-gerontology service according to socioeconomic and demographic factors. Recife, Pernambuco, 2012.

Thumbnail

Table 2
Prevalence of diabetes according to behavioral factors linked to the health of elderly persons receiving care at a geriatric-gerontology service. Recife, Pernambuco, 2012.

Thumbnail

Table 3
Prevalence of diabetes according to health condition of elderly persons receiving care at a geriatric-gerontology service. Recife, Pernambuco, 2012.

Thumbnail

Table 4
Logistic regression of prevalence of diabetes according to independent variables among elderly persons receiving care at a geriatric-gerontology service. Recife, Pernambuco, 2012.

Table 1 Prevalence of diabetes among elderly persons receiving care at a geriatric-gerontology service according to socioeconomic and demographic factors. Recife, Pernambuco, 2012.

Variable	Diabetes Mellitus			Value p	OR
Variable	Yes. n (%)	No. n (%)	Total. n (%)	Value p	(CI to 95%)
Total Group	85 (28.2)	216 (71.8)	301 (100)
Mean
Age (±sd)	70.71 (±6.42)	69.94 (±6.03)	70.16 (±6.14)	0.334^**
Gender
Male	28 (35)	52 (65)	80 (100)	0.117^*	1.55 (0.89 to 2.68)
Female	57 (25.8)	164 (74.2)	221 (100)		1
Ethnicity/Skin Color
White	25 (26)	71 (74)	96 (100)	0.815^*	1
Black	13 (31)	29 (69)	42 (100)		1.27 (0.57 to 2.83)
Brown/Mixed Race	47 (28.8)	116 (71.2)	163 (100)		1.15 (0.65 to 2.03)
Marital status
Single	5 (18.5)	22 (81.5)	27 (100)	0.517^*	1
Married	43 (27)	116 (73)	159(100)		1.63 (0.58 to 4.58)
Widowed	28 (32.6)	58 (67.4)	86 (100)		2.12 (0.73 to 6.20)
Separated/Divorced	9 (31)	20 (69)	29 (100)		1.98 (0.57 to 6.91)
Schooling (years)
^*Up to 8	40 (25.3)	118 (74.7)	158 (100)	0.205^*	1
> 8	33 (28.9)	81 (71.1)	114 (100)		1.20 (0.70 to 2.06)
Never studied	12 (41.4)	17 (58.6)	29 (100)		2.08 (0.92 to 4.73)
Social security situation
Retired	54 (28.4)	136 (71.6)	190 (100)	0.614^*	1.19 (0.54 to 2.60)
Pensioner	12 (25)	36 (75)	48 (100)		1.00 (0.38 to 2.64)
Retired and Pensioner	9 (39.1)	14 (60.9)	23 (100)		1.93 (0.64 to 5.80)
Not retired	10 (25)	30 (75)	40 (100)		1
Individual income (minimum salary)
<1	12 (40)	18 (60)	30 (100)	0.250^*	3.17 (0.86 to 11.65)
≥1 ≤ 2	47 (28.1)	120(71.9)	167 (100)		1.86 (0.60 to 5.76)
>2 < 4	12 (22.2)	42 (77.8)	54 (100)		1.36 (0.39 to 4.76)
≥4	10 (37)	17 (63)	27 (100)		2.79 (0.74 to 10.58)
No income	4 (17.4)	19 (82.6)	23 (100)		1
Contribution to household upkeep
Total	47 (33.1)	95 (66.9)	142 (100)	0.130^*	2.47 (0.89 to 6.87)
Partial	33 (25.6)	96 (74.4)	129 (100)		1.72 (0.61 to 4.86)
Does not contribute	5 (16.7)	25 (83.3)	30 (100)		1
Living arrangements
Spouse only	16 (26.2)	45 (73.8)	61 (100)	0.744^*	1
Relatives	25 (26.9)	68 (73.1)	93 (100)		1.03 (0.50 to 2.15)
Spouse and relatives	27 (27.6)	71 (72.4)	98 (100)		1.07 (0.52 to 2.20)
Lives alone	17 (34.7)	32 (65.3)	49 (100)		1.49 (0.66 to 3.39)

*Pearson Chi-Squared Test; **Fisher’s Exact Test.

Table 2 Prevalence of diabetes according to behavioral factors linked to the health of elderly persons receiving care at a geriatric-gerontology service. Recife, Pernambuco, 2012.

	Diabetes Mellitus
Variable	Yes.	No	Total	Value p	OR (CI to 95%)
	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)
Total Group	85 (28.2)	216 (71.8)	301(100)
Smoking
Smoker	3 (37.5)	5 (62.5)	8 (100)	0.773^*	1.61 (0.37 to 7.01)
Ex-smoker	34 (29.3)	82 (70.7)	116 (100)		1.11 (0.66 to 1.87)
Never smoked	48 (27.1)	129 (72.9)	177 (100)		1.00
Duration of habit (years)
Never smoked	48 (27.1)	129 (72.9)	177 (100)	0.748^*	1.00
Up to 10	7 (35)	13 (65)	20 (100)		1.45 (0.54 to 3.84)
11 or more	30 (28.8)	74 (71.2)	104 (100)		1.09 (0.64 to 1.87)
Consumption of alcohol
Consumes alcohol	18 (26.5)	50 (73.5)	68 (100)	0.923^*	1.00
Ex-consumer of alcohol	29 (29.3)	70 (70.7)	99 (100)		1.15 (0.58 to 2.30)
Has never drunk	38 (28.4)	96 (71.6)	134 (100)		1.10 (0.57 to 2.12)
Frequency of habit (month)
No habit	67 (28.8)	166 (71.2)	233 (100)	0.562^*	1.36 (0.65 to 2.82)
>4 times	7 (35)	13 (65)	20 (100)		1.81 (0.58 to 5.66)
≤ 4 times	11 (22.9)	37 (77.1)	48 (100)		1.00
Physical activity
Very active/ active	35 (26.3)	98 (73.7)	133 (100)	0.415^*	1.00
Irregularly active	33 (27.3)	88 (72.7)	121 (100)		1.05 (0.60 to 1.83)
Sedentary	17 (36.2)	30 (63.8)	47 (100)		1.59 (0.78 to 3.22)
Nutritional state
Overweight (BMI >27)	50 (32.5)	104 (67.5)	154 (100)	0.204^*	1.92 (0.83 to 4.48)
Normal weight (BMI 22 to 27)	27 (25.2)	80 (74.8)	107 (100)		1.35 (0.55 to 3.28)
Underweight (BMI <22)	8 (20)	32 (80)	40 (100)		1.00
Body Mass Index	28.19±5.18	26.95±5.10	27.30±5.15	0.059^**

* Pearson’s Chi-squared Test; ** Fisher’s Exact Test.

Table 3 Prevalence of diabetes according to health condition of elderly persons receiving care at a geriatric-gerontology service. Recife, Pernambuco, 2012.

	Diabetes Mellitus
Variable	Yes	No	Total	Value p	OR (CI to 95%)
	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)
Total Group	85 (28.2)	216 (71.8)	301 (100)
Hospitalization in previous six months
Yes	6 (33.3)	12 (66.7)	18 (100)	0.621^*	1.29 (0.47 to 3.56)
No	79 (27.9)	204 (72.1)	283 (100)		1
Self-evaluated health
Excellent/Very good/Good	24 (23.5)	78 (76.5)	102 (100)	0.194^*	1
Fair/Poor	61 (30.7)	138 (69.3)	199 (100)		1.44 (0.83 to 2.48)
Comparison with health of others
Much worse/worse	7 (41.2)	10 (58.8)	17 (100)	0.267^**	1.85 (0.68 to 5.03)
Better/much better	78 (27.5)	206 (72.5)	284 (100)		1
Functional capacity (Katz Scale)
Dependent	29 (29)	71 (71)	100 (100)	0.836^*	1.06 (0.62 to 1.79)
Independent	56 (27.9)	145 (72.1)	201 (100)		1
Functional capacity (Lawton Scale)
Dependent	5 (31.3)	11 (68.7)	16 (100)	0.779^**	1.17 (0.39 to 3.46)
Independent	80 (28.1)	205 (71.9)	285 (100)		1

* Pearson’s Chi-squared Test; **Fisher’s Exact Test.

Table 4 Logistic regression of prevalence of diabetes according to independent variables among elderly persons receiving care at a geriatric-gerontology service. Recife, Pernambuco, 2012.

	OR (CI 95%)
Variable	Univariate	Adjusted for model	p value
Gender
Male	1.55 (0.89 to 2.68)	1.37 (0.75 to 2.50)	0.301
Female	1.00	1.00
Age	1.02 (0.98 to 1.06)	1.00 (0.95 to 1.05)	0.985^*
Study (years)
Up to 8	1.00	1.00
More than 8	1.20 (0.70 to 2.06)	1.28 (0.70 to 2.36)	0.479^*
Never studied	2.08 (0.92 to 4.73)	1.61 (0.67 to 3.84)
Income (minimum salary)
<1	3.17 (0.86 to 11.65)	1.11 (0.09 to 13.18)	0.381^*
1 to 2	1.86 (0.60 to 5.76)	0.61 (0.04 to 7.61)
>2 to 4	1.36 (0.39 to 4.76)	0.39 (0.03 to 5.27)
>4	2.79 (0.74 to 10.58)	0.83 (0.06 to 11.77)
No income	1.00	1.00
Contribution to household upkeep
Yes, total	2.47 (0.89 to 6.87)	3.90 (0.40 to 38.01)	0.272^*
Yes, partial	1.72 (0.61 to 4.86)	2.67 (0.28 to 25.49)
Does not contribute	1.00	1.00
Self-rated health
Excellent/ Very good/ Good	1.00
Fair/ Poor	1.44 (0.83 to 2.48)	1.32 (0.72 to 2.40)	0.368^*
Regular physical activity
Very active/active	1.00	1.00
Irregularly active	1.05 (0.60 to 1.83)	0.96 (0.53 to 1.72)	0.799^(**)
Sedentary	1.59 (0.78 to 3.22)	1.24 (0.57 to 2.72)
Body Mass Index	1.05 (1.00 to 1.10)	1.05 (1.00 to 1.11)	0.071^**

*Pearson’s Chi-Squared Test; **Fisher’s Exact Test.

How to cite

copy

Universidade do Estado do Rio Janeiro Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524 - Bloco F, 20559-900 Rio de Janeiro - RJ Brasil, Tel.: (55 21) 2334-0168 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: revistabgg@gmail.com

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

Versão para download de PDF

PDF

Inglês
Português

Versões e tradução automática

Versão original do texto

English
Português

Tradução automática

Google Translator
Microsoft Translator

Como citar

RIS

BIBTEX

Outros formatos de citação e exportação:

SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online
Rua Dr. Diogo de Faria, 1087 – 9º andar – Vila Clementino 04037-003 São Paulo/SP - Brasil
E-mail: scielo@scielo.org

Leia a Declaração de Acesso Aberto

Métricas

Factors associated with diabetes among the elderly receiving care at a specialized gerontology-geriatric outpatient clinic

PlumX

Mensagem

[1] Correspondence Roberta de Souza Pereira da Silva Ramos E-mail: roberta_sps@hotmail.com