The perfect synchronism of intestinal absorption, use and storage of iron is critical for maintaining a balance in the organism. Disorders in these processes may lead either to iron deficiency or to iron overload, both of which have important clinical and laboratorial consequences for the patient. This review describes aspects related to iron metabolism and the participation of several proteins and mediators in these mechanisms. Moreover, intracellular and systemic regulation is responsible for providing the optimal iron concentration for cellular metabolism and, in particular, for adequate hematopoiesis. The relationship between hepcidin and acute phase response is presented and how changes in hepcidin expression may be related to the physiopathogenesis of anemia of chronic disease.
Iron metabolism; iron deficiency anemia; iron overload; hepcidin; anemia of chronic disease
