The guidelines presented in this article have been prepared and approved in the I Meeting of Brazilian Guidelines in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) - Rio de Janeiro, July 19-21, 2009. The event was sponsored by SBTMO (Brazilian Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation). In this paper, we treat the severe aplastic anemia (SAA), considered a hematological emergency, that when identified and medically treated early, shows a great chance of recovery of the hematopoiesis, either through bone marrow transplantation or immunosuppressive therapy. Its objective is to guide the management of the transplantation, and indicate methods of conditioning, according to clinical characteristics of each patient, including the number of transfusions, in order to minimize the primary and secondary rejection, ensuring better overall and disease-free survival observed in literature and already validated by the results in our population. In the Fanconi Anemia, transplantation is the only curative option for the aplastic bone marrow component, although insignificant for the other components of the syndrome, it also requires skill and agility in finding a donor with important results.
Anemia, aplastic; Fanconi anemia; health planning guidelines; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
