EFFECTS OF TRAINING LOAD CHANGES ON PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE AND EXERCISE-INDUCED MUSCLE DAMAGE

EFEITOS DAS MUDANÇAS DE CARGA DE TREINAMENTO SOBRE O DESEMPENHO FÍSICO E DANO MUSCULAR INDUZIDO POR EXERCÍCIO

EFECTOS DE LOS CAMBIOS DE CARGA DE ENTRENAMIENTO SOBRE EL DESEMPEÑO FÍSICO Y DAÑO MUSCULAR INDUCIDO POR EJERCICIO

ABSTRACT

Introduction

There is no previous study examining muscle damage responses from training load changes in individuals trained exclusively with repeated sprint exercise.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of training load changes on physical performance and exercise-induced muscle damage in male college athletes who were trained using a 30m repeated sprint protocol.

Methods

Twelve participants completed the 6-week training period (three sessions/week), which consisted of progressively increasing intensity training in the first 5 weeks. On the first day of the training period, all sprints were performed at 70–80% of maximum effort. In the first session of the 5^th week (Maximal intensity training; MIT), all sprints (10×30m sprints) were performed at maximal speed. The sets (10 sprints at maximal speed in each set) were repeated until exhaustion (Exhaustive training; ET) in the first training session of the 6^th week, followed by two sessions of the normal training. Isometric strength, 30m sprint performance, flexibility, serum creatine kinase (CK) and cortisol were measured periodically during the examination period.

Results

Isometric strength, 30m sprint performance, and flexibility were significantly decreased following the ET, and did not recover during the following 9-day period, which consisted of two training sessions and 6 days of recovery. Cortisol was significantly elevated immediately after the ET but was not changed after training on first day and during MIT. CK was significantly elevated after training every week, but the increase at 24 hours after ET was significantly higher than after the first day and MIT.

Conclusions

Dramatically increasing the volume of maximal intensity repeated sprint exercise results in greater relative muscle damage even in trained individuals, which will significantly limit their performance. Further training sessions, even at normal intensity and volume with insufficient time for muscle recovery, may prolong the duration of fatigue. Level of evidence II; Diagnostic Studies - Investigating a diagnostic test.

Creatine kinase; Cortisol; Flexibility; Muscle strength; Sprint interval training; Muscle Fatigue