PROTOCOLOS DE TREINAMENTO DE VIBRAÇÃO DE CORPO INTEIRO EM OBESOS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

Melo, Fábio Antônio Tenório de; Melo, Gislane Ferreira de; Albuquerque, Severino Leão de; Silva, Rogério Wagner da; França, Nanci Maria de; Silva, Amanda Alves da; Ferreira, Carlos Ernesto Santos

doi:10.1590/1517-869220192506211005

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ARTICLE, MEDICAL CLINIC • Rev Bras Med Esporte 25 (6) • Nov-Dec 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220192506211005 copiar

PROTOCOLOS DE TREINAMENTO DE VIBRAÇÃO DE CORPO INTEIRO EM OBESOS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

A obesidade é uma doença crônica degenerativa. Os aparelhos de vibração de corpo inteiro (VCI) permitem o controle da intensidade dos exercícios através das suas variáveis: frequência, amplitude e tempo de vibração, possibilitando intervenções nessas populações. O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma revisão sobre as aplicações, protocolos e resultados dos aparelhos de VCI em indivíduos obesos. Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura utilizando os descritores e termos verificados no DeCS (LILACS e SCIELO) e no MeSH (PubMED). Dos 13 estudos selecionados, sete utilizaram o delineamento metodológico do tipo experimental e seis do tipo quase-experimental. Onze estudos analisaram as respostas crônicas e dois as respostas agudas ao treinamento com VCI. Os valores de frequência variaram entre 30 e 35 Hz, a amplitude, em torno de 2 mm, e, em relação à intensidade, a maioria dos protocolos de treinamento utilizara o aumento gradativo da VCI ao longo da intervenção. Oito estudos adicionaram exercícios dinâmicos e cargas extras à VCI. O tempo médio de exposição total à VCI variou em torno de 20’ distribuídos em 1 ou 2 séries, com tempos de 30” a 60” de vibração pelo mesmo tempo de descanso. A frequência média das intervenções foi em torno de 2 a 3 vezes por semana, com tempo médio de 10 meses de intervenção. Entre os principais resultados destacam-se: redução do peso corporal e melhoria nas variáveis fisiológicas da absorção de oxigênio, da densidade mineral óssea e do perfil arterial, indicando que a VCI pode ser uma ferramenta segura no combate à obesidade e suas implicações. Nível de Evidência II. Revisão Sistemática de Estudos de Nível II.

Vibração de corpo inteiro; Plataforma vibratória; Obesidade

Authors/Year	Objectives	Sample	Instruments	Results	Conclusion
Vissers, D.; Baeyens, J.P.; Truijen, S.; et al.⁴⁰	Compare O2 consumption in overweight women	20 women ≥ 30 kg/m^2. ± 37 years	BMI, Skinfold (4-fold), VO2 and VCO2, FC (portable gas analyzer), BORG scale	CO₂, relative absorption of O₂, and HR were ↑ on vibration	↑ O2 absorption with WBV. The physiological pathways behind these results are still uncertain.
Vissers. D.; Na, V.; Ilse, M.; et al.⁴¹	WBV and jogging	N = 61 overweight and obese.	BMI, WC, Co. Cpor bio impedance, tomography, P.A; lipids and glucose, insulin, resting ECG, spirometry,	Body weight ↓ in the 3 groups. VAT > in the vibration group. Vibration group lost + 10% of the PC.	Both exercises combined with a low-calorie diet, ↓ 5-10% of CP in the first 6 months and are sustained for another 6 months.
Song et al.⁴²	Examine Effects of WBV on Weight Change, Waist Circumference (WC)	n=15 Obese Menopausal Women ≤ 50 years , BMI ≥25	Weight, WC, BMI, PA., Bio impedance	No different vibrations were applied. There was no control over diet and exercise at 8 weeks.	Produced small reductions in the CP, central obesity; ↓ MM
Miyake, A.; Maeda, S.; Choi, Y.; et al.⁴³	WBV + diet and EA	N = 12 overweight and obese women ± 42 years old, BMI: 32	PWV, P.A, Plasma Concentration, Blood Analysis, Maximum O2 Capitation, C.C (Dexa).	↓: Weight, BMI, WC,% M. G; M.C. M. and ↑ VO2. Total cholesterol, triglycerides ↓ 12 weeks.	↓ R.A without reducing the % M.M.C. ↑ PTX3 concentrations. Failed to confirm WBV actions alone
Wilms, B.; Frick, J.; Ernst, B.; et al.⁴⁴	Effects of WBV Added to TF	N = 14 obese women BMI: 37.4 ± 1.3; Age: 43.1 ± 3.5 years	BC, WC, Phase angle, Resting energy expenditure	There was no change in P.C. ↓WC. Improvement in the WBV group in relation to phase angle. ↓ of MS in both groups.	Group with exercise and WBV improved the phase angle. There was no ↓ from Co. C, RES in the VCI group. There was no consensus on what frequency, amplitude and duration to use.
Figueroa, A.; Gil, R.; Wong, A.; et al.⁴⁵	WBV in arterial function, autonomic and strength	N = 10 women (18-35 years), BMI > 25 kg / m²	PWV, P.A, (ECG),1RM	↓ systemic arterial stiffness, hemodynamic part, HR variability and muscle strength. Acute changes in P.A., PWV and PWR.	6 weeks of vibration training were effective to ↓ PWR, magnitude and autonomic regulation.
Giunta, M.; Cardinale, M.; Agosti, F.; et al.⁴⁶	WBV in GH responses	N = 7 obese women, 18 and 30 years of age. 35–44 kg/m², BMI	Blood (5 ml), taken before and immediately after.	WBV alone and WBV + external load caused ↑ at GH levels. ↑ on lactate levels.	Vibration alone stimulates GH release and severe lactate production.
Milanese, C.; Piscitelli, F.; Zenti, M.G, et al.⁴⁷	WBV in Anthropometry, C.C. and strength	N = 50 women Age: 46.6 ± 7.8, BMI: 35.1 ±3.55	Weight, WC, SF, LBM and FM and DMO (DEXA), FM (1RM)	↓BMI, Skin folds, BC, WC, positive effects on BMD. 10 weeks of training	WBV represents a useful addition to exercise habits for the obese audience. Changes in BC and FM.
Bellia, et al.⁴⁸	WBV + diet on insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance.	N = 29 women, BMI > aged from 40 ± 42 years	PA, Weight, WV, IPAQ, BC, GCT, % G. and DMO (DEXA).	WBV + diet ↑ insulin sensitivity and glucose regulation. ↓ TBF> at WBV. Adiponectin ↑ in the WBV group.	WBV + low-calorie diet may improve metabolic characteristics and WC.
Zaki⁴⁹	WBV and RT, in obese individuals	n = 80 women. 50 to 68 years of age. BMI: 30-36Kg/m².	DEXA, BMI, WC.	Improvements in BMD for both WBV and T.R.	BMI and WHR ↓ in both groups as well as in BMD.
Oh, et al.⁵⁰ They train. acceleration	WBV and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in physical, hepatic, and metabolic functions.	N = 18 participants: 4 men 14 women	VO2 and VCO2 and Respiratory Exchange, PC and BC., Blood analysis, Liver Stiffness, Fat in liver and muscles, Muscle Strength and QOL (SF-36).	Did not show ↑ RES after 12 weeks. ↓ PC, BMI, MG, and visceral fat area. No change actions in MCM. ↑ strength, ↑ inflammatory proteins and QOL.	WBV ↑ physical function by repairing hepatic steatosis levels.
Nam, S.; Sunoo, S.; Park, H.; Moon, H.⁵¹	Diet + WBV, with diet alone combined with EA in BC and obese BMD.	N = 45 women agreed from 30 to 55 years. BMI > 30Kg/m².	BMI, SF, PC, LBM, FM, DMO.	PC and FM ↓ in the 3 groups. Skin folds, WC. and WHR, without differences between groups. ↑ DMO	WBV + calorie restricted diet is as effective as combining diet and aerobic exercise.
Alvarez-Alvarado et al.⁵²	WBV in arterial function and FM.	N = 42 women aged from 18 to 25 years. BMI: 27–40 kg/m².	BMI, WC, body composition (DEXA), RA. P.A, 1RM (Leg Press)	M.I. strength ↑ VCI. There were no significant changes in brachial P.A in either group.	After 6 weeks, the WBV dynamic group ↓ RAS and aortic, PA and RO, ↑ M.I. strength

Authors	Frequ.	Amplit.	Intens.	Time	Series	Types of Exercises	T. Total	Times per week	Results
vissers et al.⁴⁰	35 Hz	4 mm	High	3’ 10 ‘Rest between exercises	1x	3 ex. WBV 3 ex. s/ WBV Dyn.	3’ acute	1x	↑ O₂ absorption due to WBV addition
Vissers et al.⁴¹	30-35-40 Hz ↑	Not informed	Low / High ↑	30-45-60” ↑ Rest: = Exercise	1x	1.2, 3rd month: Est. 4th,5th,6th month: Dyn.	3 months: 11.9 4th, 5th, and 6th month: 14.2’ 6 months	1x	The 2 exercises + one diet, ↓ 5%–10% of CP in the first six months and remained for six more. WBV ↓ to C.C. and visceral fat.
Song et al^.42	20 Hz	2 mm	Low	10’	1x	Est.	10’ 8 weeks	2x	small ↓ in CP and central obesity; ↓MM
Miyake et al.⁴³	1st month: 30 Hz 2nd month: 35 Hz 3rd month: 35 Hz ↑	2 mm	Not informed	30’ 30” Exercise Rest	1x	1st month: Est. 2nd month: Est. 3rd month: Dyn.	30’ 12 weeks	3x	↓ arterial stiffness without ↓ MM. ↑ the concentrations of PTX3 resulting in a cardioprotective effect and ↓ PC
Wilms et al.⁴⁴	30Hz	2 mm	Not informed	15-30’ ↑ 30 ”rest between exercises	1x	Aerobic + WBV Est.	30’ 6 weeks	3x	Exercise + WBV improved the phase angle. There was no ↓ from Co. C and GEO with WBV. There was no consensus on what frequency, amplitude, and duration to use.
Figueroa et al.⁴⁵	25-30Hz ↑	1–2 mm	Not informed	30-60” ↑ 60”-30” ↓	1x	Dyn. Est. Lower members	10’ 4 weeks later + 4 weeks	3x	6 weeks of WBV ↓ ROP, magnitude and autonomic regulation. Indicators of arterial stiffness were ↓ with the intervention. WBV promoted acute changes in P.A., VOP.
Giunta et al.⁴⁶	30 Hz	Acceler. 2.85 g	Not informed	Est. 10x72”- 50” desc. Dyn. 10x 50 ”rest	Group 1 and 2: 10x	Est. Dyn + External load	19’30” acute	1x	Vibration stimulates GH and lactate production without additive effects when combined with exercise with loads.
Milanese et al.⁴⁷	40–60 Hz	2–5 mm	Not informed	14’ 5 ’rest	1x	WBV alone WBV + RF Est :30–60”	19’ 10 weeks	2x	WBV + RF by did not present positive results. WBV improved WC, MS and BMD.
Bellia et al.⁴⁸	30 Hz	2 mm	Not informed	1’ WBV with 1 ’rest	1x	Est.	20’ 8 weeks	3x (8 wks.)	↓ WC in WBV, insulin resistance and some metabolic characteristics.
Zaki49	16 Hz	Not informed	Not informed	1’ WBV 1’rest	Evolved from 3 to 10 series	1 Group WBV 1 Group ST Est. ↑	19’ 8 weeks	3x	↓ BMI, WHR and BMD ↓ in both groups.
Ohet al. ⁵⁰	1–30 Hz 2-30-35 Hz 3–40 Hz	Not informed	1-Low 2-Low 3-High	1- 2x30” 2-2x30” 3-2x1’ 30 ”rest	1-2x 2-2x 3-2x	1-WBV + Along. 2- WBV + Ex MS and MI 3-WBV + Relax. Dyn.	40’ 12 weeks	2x	↓ GC, PC, visceral fat, did not change MM. ↑ strength, ↓ liver fat levels, ↑ liver functions and physical and mental parameters.
Nam et al.⁵¹	16 to 34 Hz ↑	6.8 mm	Not informed	11’	3x	Est. and Dyn.	33’ 9 months	5x	↓ SF, WC and WHR, BMD ↑ pre and post only in the WBV group
Alvarez-Alvarado et al.⁵²	30–35 Hz	Not informed	Low to High	30-1’ 45-1’desc.	2-8x	Dyn.	11-30’ 6 weeks	3x (6 wks.)	WBV dynamically improved the systemic and aortic arterial stiffness of the thigh, PA, and ROP as well as the strength of M.I.

Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Exercício e do Esporte Av. Brigadeiro Luís Antônio, 278, 6º and., 01318-901 São Paulo SP, Tel.: +55 11 3106-7544, Fax: +55 11 3106-8611 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: atharbme@uol.com.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Correspondence: Fábio Antônio Tenório de Melo. Department of Physical Education, Escola da Saúde e Medicina, Universidade Católica de Brasília (UCB/DF), QS 7 Área Lote 1, EPCT, Águas Claras, Brasília, DF, Brazil. 71.966.700. ftenorio@ucb.br