ABSTRACT
Objectives:
To evaluate the prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature newborns (gestational age < 37 weeks) and / or birth weight £ 1,500g and those with risk factors, born at the Dr. Homero de Miranda Gomes Regional Hospital in São José (HRSJ) between January 2007 and January 2011.
Methods:
Cross-sectional, retrospective, observational and analytical study. Data were obtained from medical records at the HRSJ.
Results:
The presence of 37.81% of retinopathy in newborns was observed, with stage 1 being the most prevalent. No statistical difference was found between the sexes (p = 0.993). The presence of ROP was higher in the group with PN < 1,000 grams (83.33%), evaluated over 6sixweeks of age and with gestational ages less than 32 weeks (49.48%). Risk factors with statistical significance were: oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation, patent ductus arteriosus, perinatal asphyxia, respiratory distress syndrome, blood transfusions, intraventricular hemorrhage, sepsis, neonatal infection and hyaline membrane disease.
Conclusion:
It is concluded that: the gender factor and multiple pregnancy were not statistically significant. The newborns with lower birth weight and gestational age have an increased risk for developing ROP. Regarding oxygentherapy, the prevalence is higher in the exposed and proportional to the period of oxygen.
Keywords:
Retinopathy of prematurity/epidemiology; Risk factors; Prevalence; Oxygen therapy