Abstract
Objective:
To analyze the prevalence of alterations in funduscopy of patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and/or Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) referred to the Ophthalmology Reference Service, located in a Basic Health Unit of the city of Patos, Paraíba).
Methods:
A descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, which involving a total of 22 patients. For data collection, a questionnaire on ocular health was used. In addition, the research members participated in the Snellen visual acuity test and visual acuity near, intraocular pressure measurement and direct ophthalmoscopy examination. Those who obtained worse visual acuity were conducted for retinography. The data were evaluated through statistical analysis using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - SPSS.
Results:
Of the total of 22 patients, 11 were submitted to retinography. Of these, 36.3% were diabetics only; 27.4% were hypertensive only and 36.3% were diabetic and hypertensive. The main alterations found were diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy, cataract, glaucoma, choroidal nevus, pigmentary retinitis and peripapillary staphyloma.
Conclusion:
It is noticed that DM and SAH have a great negative impact on ocular health. To reduce this harmful effect it is necessary that the fundus eye exam be performed annually for the purpose of early diagnosis of certain pathologies and avoid future complications, culminating in lower costs for the health system and more quality of life for patients.
Keywords:
Fundoscopy; Diabetes Mellitus; Hypertension; Retinography; Visual acuity
