Vertical transmission and kinetic of antibodies anti-<i>Neospora caninum</i> in naturally infected lambs in the semiarid region of Brazil

Feitosa, Thais Ferreira; Costa, Flávia Teresa Ribeiro; Bezerra, Roberto Alves; Álvares, Felipe Boniedj Ventura; Ferreira, Larissa Claudino; Mota, Rinaldo Aparecido; Gennari, Solange Maria; Pena, Hilda Fátima Jesus; Azevedo, Sérgio Santos de; Vilela, Vinícius Longo Ribeiro

doi:10.1590/S1984-29612021073

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Original Article • Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 30 (3) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612021073 copy

Vertical transmission and kinetic of antibodies anti-Neospora caninum in naturally infected lambs in the semiarid region of Brazil

Transmissão vertical e cinética de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum em cordeiros naturalmente infectados na região Semiárida do Brasil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Aimed with this study to evaluate vertical transmission of Neospora caninum in naturally infected sheep and to monitor the kinetics of antibodies against this protozoon in their lambs. Therefore, 48 pregnant ewes, from five herds, were divided into two groups: G1 - positive for anti-N. caninum antibodies, with 19 animals; and G2 - seronegative, with 29 animals. Blood samples were taken from the ewes and their lambs, immediately after birth, before ingesting colostrum, and 2, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 days after birth. Analysis on serum antibodies was performed using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. Among the 19 seropositive mothers, six (31.6%) gave birth to lambs seropositive before ingesting colostrum and it was found that these lambs remained positive until the end of the study (56 days). Only one of the lambs, from a ewe that presented an antibody titer of 200, seroconverted after ingestion of colostrum. All the lambs that had been born from negative mothers remained negative throughout the experimental period. It was concluded that transplacental transmission was an important form of diffusion of N. caninum in the herds studied and that seropositive lambs maintained circulating antibodies during the period analyzed.

Keywords:
IgG antibody; ovine; Transplacental infection; Neosporosis

Ewes		Lambs Antibody Titers^* * Indirect immunofluorescent antibody test; (Days after the birth)

ID	Titers	ID	0 ^ pre-colostral;	2	7	14	21	28	35	42	49	56
3	50	L3	400	400	400	400	400	800	800	800	400	100
17	50	L17	3200	6400	3200	800	800	1600	1600	800	400	400
1	100	L1	1600	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc
16	400	L16	1600	3200	3200	1600	800	800	1600	800	200	100
9	6400	L9 (1)	200	200	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc
		L9 (2)	-	-	NC	NC	NC	NC	NC	NC	NC	NC
2	12800	L2	50	1600	800	800	800	800	800	400	200	100
5	200	L5	<25	800	800	400	400	400	400	400	<50	<50
13	50	L13(1)	<25	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50
		L13(2)	<25	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50
14	50	L14	<25	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50
15	100	L15	<25	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50
18	100	L18	<25	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50
19	100	L19(1)	<25	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50
		L19(2)	<25	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50
12	50	L12(1)	<25	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50	<50
		L12(2)	<25	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc
4	50	L4	<25	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc
6	50	L6	<25	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc
7	50	L7(1)	<25	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc
		L7(2)	<25	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc
8	50	L8	<25	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc
10	50	L10	<25	<50	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc
11	50	L11	<25	<50	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc

Time (days)	No vertical transmission		Vertical transmission
Time (days)	Median**	Min; Max	Median^ In the same line and column, respectively, different superscript lower and upper case letters indicate a significant difference (P <0.05).	Min; Max
p.c.^* * pre-colostral;	0^a,A	0; 0	1000^b,A,B	50; 3200
2	0^a,A	0; 800	2400^b,A	400; 6400
7	0^a,A	0; 800	2000^b,A,B	400; 3200
14	0^a,A	0; 400	800^b,A,B	400; 1600
21	0^a,A	0; 400	800^b,A,B	400; 800
28	0^a,A	0; 400	800^b,A,B	800; 1600
35	0^a,A	0; 400	1200^b,A,B	800; 1600
42	0^a,A	0; 400	800^b,A,B	400; 800
49	0^a,A	0; 0	300^b,A,B	200; 400
56	0^a,A	0; 0	100^b,B,C	100; 400

Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária FCAV/UNESP - Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Zona Rural, , 14884-900 Jaboticabal - SP, Brasil, Fone: (16) 3209-7100 RAMAL 7934 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: cbpv_rbpv.fcav@unesp.br

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[1] *Corresponding author: Vinícius Longo Ribeiro Vilela. E-mail: vinicius.vilela@ifpb.edu.br