<i>Oncicola venezuelensis</i> () (Acanthocephala: Oligacanthorhynchidae) em <i>Puma concolor</i> no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Palmer, João Pedro Siqueira; Dib, Laís Verdan; Lobão, Lucas Fernandes; Pinheiro, Jessica Lima; Ramos, Raissa Cristina Ferreira; Uchoa, Claudia Maria Antunes; Bastos, Otilio Machado Pereira; Silva, Maria Eduarda Monteiro; Nascimento, Jorge Luiz do; Pissinatti, Alcides; Barbosa, Alynne da Silva

João Pedro Siqueira Palmer

Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense – UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil

Laís Verdan Dib

Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense – UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil

Laboratório de Toxoplasmose e outras Protozooses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Lucas Fernandes Lobão

Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense – UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil

Jessica Lima Pinheiro

Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense – UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil

Raissa Cristina Ferreira Ramos

Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense – UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil

Laboratório de Toxoplasmose e outras Protozooses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Claudia Maria Antunes Uchoa

Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense – UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil

Otilio Machado Pereira Bastos

Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense – UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil

Maria Eduarda Monteiro Silva

Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos – Unifeso, Teresópolis, RJ, Brasil

Jorge Luiz do Nascimento

Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos – Parnaso, Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação de Biodiversidade – ICMBio, Teresópolis, RJ, Brasil

Alcides Pissinatti

Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos – Unifeso, Teresópolis, RJ, Brasil

Centro de Primatologia do Rio de Janeiro – CPRJ, Instituto Estadual do Ambiente – INEA, Guapimirim, RJ, Brasil

Alynne da Silva Barbosa ^**Corresponding author: Alynne da Silva Barbosa. E-mail: alynnedsb@gmail.com

Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense – UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil

Laboratório de Toxoplasmose e outras Protozooses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5007-1339

*Corresponding author: Alynne da Silva Barbosa. E-mail: alynnedsb@gmail.com

Figuras (4)
Tabelas (3)

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Figure 1
Location of the Brejal region in green and the city of Petrópolis in black, on a map of the state of Rio de Janeiro.

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Figure 2
Line drawings of mature Oncicola venezuelensis from Puma concolor, in Rio de Janeiro. (A) Entire male; (B) Egg detected in sediment stool; (C) Outline showing shape of a gravid female; (D) Proboscis of a female.

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Figure 3
(A) Adult specimen attached to the serous membrane of the intestinal wall; (B) Segment jejunum with mucous content and specimens of adult attached to the mucosa; (C) Cut surface of a nodule located close to the pylorus region with parasites; (D) Histological section in which the proboscis with its hooks can be seen surrounded by collagenous tissue; (E). Collagenous tissue, in 400 x, observed in figure D; (F) Histological section through the nodule with parasite eggs surrounded by granuloma; (G) Histological section through a fragment of jejunum, in which the adult form of the parasite can be seen to be deeply attached to in muscle layer; (D-G) Hematoxylin and eosin staining.

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Figure 4
Maximum likelihood (ML) algorithm used with the Tamura Nei model that was based on the gene sequence obtained from the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, compared with reference sequences from different species of helminths of the phylum Acanthocephala that had been detected in different animas, and from Necator americanus, obtained from GenBank. The numbers associated with the branches refer to the bootstrap values for 5000 replications.

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Table 1
Minimum and maximum values, means and standard deviations of the different parts of the bodies of female specimens of Oncicola and their eggs that were recovered in the present study and other studies.

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Table 2
Minimum and maximum values, means and standard deviations of the different parts of the bodies of male specimens of Oncicola that were recovered in the present study and other studies.

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Table 3
Helminth species and genera used in the phylogenetic analysis of this study.

Biometry (µm)	This study	*Other reports about Oncicola* sp.**
	Rio de Janeiro	Oncicola venezuelensis (Piauí. Brazil) Santos et al. 2017	Oncicola venezuelensis (St. John Island. U. S. Virgin Islands) Fuller, Nickol. 2011	Oncicola venezuelensis (Venezuela) Marteu. 1977
	Female (n=5)	Female (n=7)	Female (n=15)	Female (n=2)
Total lenght	6170-8520	6250-13250	13200-18300	15000-16000
	7340 ± 810	9890	15500	NR
Total width	2010-2400	1000-1950	1800-2600	1900-2200
	2200 ± 120	1470	2200	NR
Proboscis lenght	500-550	430-600	432-480	0.50-0.55
	520 ± 24.49	540	458	NR
Proboscis width	550-600	650-700	528-566	0.60-0.62
	602 ± 34.87	670	547	NR
Proboscis receptacle	1300-1450	970-1200	1001-1390	1200-1400
	1362.5 ± 64.95	1060	1210	NR
Lemnisci	8600-13400	NR	≤10000	10000-12000
	10100 ± 19000	NR	NR	NR
Hooks
I - Lenght	80-170	110-140	115-139	95-145
	107 ± 23	127	127	NR
I - Base length	30-90	NR	NR	NR
	46.5 ± 18.51	NR	NR	NR
II - Lenght	80-200	80-120	120-139	95-135
	121 ± 36.73	103	131	NR
II - Base length	30-110	NR	NR	NR
	73.5 ± 23.51	NR	NR	NR
III - Lenght	70-180	70-100	98-110	70-110
	106.5 ± 24.75	88	102	NR
III - Base length	20-110	NR	NR	NR
	53.5 ± 23.72	NR	NR	NR
IV - Lenght	70-190	70-90	91-96	65-95
	115 ± 23.45	84	92	NR
IV - Base length	20-60	NR	NR	NR
	36.25 ± 10.53	NR	NR	NR
V - Lenght	50-130	70-100	77-86	65-75
	94.5 ± 16.87	81	82	NR
V - Base length	20-60	NR	NR	NR
	33 ± 9.54	NR	NR	NR
VI - Lenght	50-110	50-70	74-82	60-75
	79.45 ± 22.4	62	77	NR
VI- Base length	10-70	NR	NR	NR
	32.5 ± 13.74	NR	NR	NR
Neck lenght	250-400	300-340	250-302	500
	314 ± 48.86	320	289	NR
Neck width	496-504	400-550	384-422	620
	500 ± 2.82	476	396	NR
Cerebral ganglion length	130-180	110	110-149	NR
	152 ± 17.88	NR	131	NR
Cerebral ganglion width	110-130	110	62-86	NR
	112 ± 10.95	NR	73	NR
Uterine bell length	300-650	350-500	499-538	0.65
	535 ± 126.19	422	520	NR
Uterine bell width	103.6-150	NR	259-336	0.33
	125.53 ± 23.52	NR	301	NR
Uterus lenght	480-750	400-720	672-816	1000
	611.9 ± 117.03	610	752	NR
Sphincter length	220-370	200-400	264-384	NR
	212 ± 92.17	318	330	NR
	eggs (n=50)	eggs (n=NR)	eggs (n=NR)	eggs (n=NR)
Length	35-74	30-55	67-72	NR
	59.8 ± 11.29	42	69
Width	25-70.3	22-30	43-50	NR
	39.4 ± 10.12	26	47

Biometry (µm)	This study	*Other reports about Oncicola* sp.**
	Rio de Janeiro	Oncicola venezuelensis (Piauí. Brazil) Santos et al. 2017	Oncicola venezuelensis (St. John Island. U. S. Virgin Islands) Fuller, Nickol 2011	Oncicola venezuelensis (Venezuela) Marteu. 1977
	Male (n=5)	Male (n=3)	Male (n=10)	Male (n=2)
Total length	5020-8210	5630-12500	6500-8400	13500-14000
	6790 ± 970	9170	8000	NR
Total width	2060-2550	750-1500	1200-1300	2000
	2280 ± 180	1170	1200	NR
Proboscis lenght	450-550	400-500	336-348	0.50-0.55
	490 ± 37.41	433	344	NR
Proboscis width	580-600	370-600	476-480	0.60-0.62
	596 ± 8	507	479	NR
Proboscis receptacle	1300-1400	600-1180	1001-1390	1200-1400
	1334 ± 76.31	960	1210	NR
Lemnisci	5500-13000	NR	≤ 10000	10000-12000
	9700 ± 3400	NR	NR	NR
Hooks
I - Lenght	50-120	120-125	115-139	95-145
	96.84 ± 23.85	NR	127	NR
I - Base length	20-70	NR	NR	NR
	48.95 ± 16.19	NR	NR	NR
II - Lenght	60-170	145-150	120-139	95-135
	105.33 ± 29.18	NR	131	NR
II - Base length	30-100	NR	NR	NR
	60.67 ± 18.43	NR	NR	NR
III - Lenght	70-120	125	98-110	70-110
	97.5 ± 14.36	NR	102	NR
III - Base length	20-70	NR	NR	NR
	38.13 ± 11.03	NR	NR	NR
IV - Lenght	40-120	105-110	91-96	65-95
	92.78 ± 18.02	NR	92	NR
IV - Base length	20-70	NR	NR	NR
	37.22 ± 11.16	NR	NR	NR
V - Lenght	70-120	95-105	77-86	65-75
	90.56 ± 16.05	NR	82	NR
V - Base length	20-60	NR	NR	NR
	37.78 ± 14.45	NR	NR	NR
VI - Lenght	50-110	95-100	74-82	60-75
	92 ± 16.57	NR	77	NR
VI- Base length	20-80	NR	NR	NR
	36 ± 17.17	NR	NR
Neck lenght	200-300	220-270	250-302	500
	254 ± 40.7	245	289	NR
Neck width	200-550	200	384-422	620
	424± 122.08	NR	396	NR
Cerebral ganglion length	140-190	NR	110-149	NR
	157.5 ± 22.17	NR	131	NR
Cerebral ganglion width	100-140	NR	62-86	NR
	124 ± 17.07	NR	73	NR
Anterior testis length	500-660	930-1180	NR	1800-2000
	593.33 ± 68.23	NR	NR	NR
Anterior testis width	370-550	500-600	NR	720
	460 ± 64.81	NR	NR	NR
Posterior testis length	540-730	1040-1250	NR	NR
	608.33 ± 66.99	NR	NR	NR
Posterior testis width	300-580	600-680	NR	NR
	430 ± 92.38	NR	NR	NR
Cement glands length	570-800	600-700	528-672	850
	712 ± 77.04	NR	595	NR
Cement glands width	420-950	550-850	269-288	350
	500 ± 244.86	NR	281	NR
Safftigen's pouch length	600-790	1150-1200	1056-1392	NR
	670 ± 70.59	NR	1264	NR
Safftigen's pouch width	310-600	550-650	288-480	NR
	466 ± 109.10	NR	384	NR
Copulatory bursa length	300-520	1500	NR	NR
	398.33 ± 73.35	NR	NR	NR
Copulatory bursa width	210-620	550	NR	NR
	356.67 ± 131.23	NR	NR	NR

Species	Family	Genbank acess number	Genbank Reference
Oncicola venezuelensis	Oligacanthorhynchidae	KU521566	Santos et al. (2017)Santos EGN, Chame M, Chagas-Moutinho VA, Santos CP. Morphology and molecular analysis of Oncicola venezuelensis (Acanthocephala: Oligacanthorhyncidae) from the ocelot Leopardus pardalis in Brazil. J Helminthol 2017; 91(5): 605-612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X16000651. PMid:27669886. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X16000...
Oncicola sp.	Oligacanthorhynchidae	AF416416	Garcia-Varela et al. (2003)Garcia-Varela M, Cummings MP, Laclette JP. Phylogenetic Relationships of Archiacanthocephala (Acanthocephala) based on Gene Sequences of 16S, 5.8S and 18S rRNA, Internal Transcribed Spacers 1 and 2, and COI. Direct Submission Genbank; 2003. AF416416; AF416414.1; AF416413 (submission numbers). Unpublished
Macracanthorhynchus ingens	Oligacanthorhynchidae	AF416414.1	Garcia-Varela et al. (2003)Garcia-Varela M, Cummings MP, Laclette JP. Phylogenetic Relationships of Archiacanthocephala (Acanthocephala) based on Gene Sequences of 16S, 5.8S and 18S rRNA, Internal Transcribed Spacers 1 and 2, and COI. Direct Submission Genbank; 2003. AF416416; AF416414.1; AF416413 (submission numbers). Unpublished
Mediorhynchus sp.	Gigantorhynchydae	AF416413	Garcia-Varela et al. (2003)Garcia-Varela M, Cummings MP, Laclette JP. Phylogenetic Relationships of Archiacanthocephala (Acanthocephala) based on Gene Sequences of 16S, 5.8S and 18S rRNA, Internal Transcribed Spacers 1 and 2, and COI. Direct Submission Genbank; 2003. AF416416; AF416414.1; AF416413 (submission numbers). Unpublished
Acanthosentis cheni	Quadrigyridae	JX960752	Song et al. (2013)Song, R, Li W, Wu S, Zou H, Wang, G. Population genetic structure of the acanthocephalan Acanthosentis cheni in the anadromous, freshwater, and landlocked stock of Coilia nasus: evolutionary adaption of marine helminth to freshwater. Direct Submission Genbank; 2013. JX960752 (submission number). Unpublished
Neoechinorhynchus roseum	Neoechinorhynchidae	FJ388981	Martínez-Aquino et al. (2009)Martínez-Aquino A, Reyna-Fabián ME, Rosas-Valdez R, Razo-Mendivil U, Pérez-Ponce de León G, García-Varela M. Detecting a complex of cryptic species within Neoechinorhynchus golvani (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) inferred from ITSs and LSU rDNA gene sequences. J Parasitol 2009; 95(5): 1040-1047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-1926.1. PMid:19438288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-1926.1...
Neoechinorhynchus emyditoides	Neoechinorhynchidae	KC004175	Pinacho-Pinacho et al. (2013)Pinacho-Pinacho CD, Sereno-Uribe AL, Garcia-Varela M. Molecular and morphological data reveal a new species of Neoechinorhynchus (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from Dormitator maculatus in the Gulf of Mexico. Direct Submission Genbank; 2013. KC004175 - KC004173 (submission number). Unpublished
Neoechinorhynchus schmidti	Neoechinorhynchidae	KC004173	Pinacho-Pinacho et al. (2013)Pinacho-Pinacho CD, Sereno-Uribe AL, Garcia-Varela M. Molecular and morphological data reveal a new species of Neoechinorhynchus (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from Dormitator maculatus in the Gulf of Mexico. Direct Submission Genbank; 2013. KC004175 - KC004173 (submission number). Unpublished
Pseudoacanthocephalus nguyenthileae	Echinorhynchidae	KC491890	Tkach et al. (2013)Tkach VV, Lisitsyna OI, Crossley JL, Binh TT, Bush SE. Morphological and molecular differentiation of two new species of Pseudoacanthocephalus Petrochenko, 1958 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from amphibians and reptiles in the Philippines, with identification key for the genus. Syst Parasitol 2013; 85(1): 11-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11230-013-9409-8. PMid:23595488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11230-013-940...
Pseudoacanthocephalus nickoli	Echinorhynchidae	KC491884	Tkach et al. (2013)Tkach VV, Lisitsyna OI, Crossley JL, Binh TT, Bush SE. Morphological and molecular differentiation of two new species of Pseudoacanthocephalus Petrochenko, 1958 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from amphibians and reptiles in the Philippines, with identification key for the genus. Syst Parasitol 2013; 85(1): 11-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11230-013-9409-8. PMid:23595488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11230-013-940...
Polymorphus minutus	Polymorphidae	AY532067	Garcia-Varela et al. (2005)
Polymorphus altmani	Polymorphidae	AY532066	Garcia-Varela et al. (2005)García-Varela M, Aznar FJ, Pérez-Ponce de León G, Piñero D, Laclette JP. Molecular phylogeny of Corynosoma Lühe, 1904 (Acanthocephala), based on 5.8S and internal transcribed spacer sequences. J Parasitol 2005; 91(2): 345-352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-3272. PMid:15986610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-3272...
Moniliformis moniliformis	Moniliformidae	AF416415	Garcia-Varela et al. (2003)Garcia-Varela M, Cummings MP, Laclette JP. Phylogenetic Relationships of Archiacanthocephala (Acanthocephala) based on Gene Sequences of 16S, 5.8S and 18S rRNA, Internal Transcribed Spacers 1 and 2, and COI. Direct Submission Genbank; 2003. AF416416; AF416414.1; AF416413 (submission numbers). Unpublished
Heteroxynema cucullatum	Heteroxynematidae	MH011309	Bell et al., 2018Bell KC, Demboski JR, Cook JA. Sympatric parasites have similar host-associated, but asynchronous, patterns of diversification. Am Nat 2018; 192(3): E106-E119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/698300. PMid:30125233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/698300...
Necator americanus	Ancylostomatidae	MH6658431	Monteiro et al. (2018)Monteiro KJL, Calegar DA, Carvalho-Costa FA, Jaeger LH. Kato-Katz thick smears as a DNA source of soil-transmited helminths. J Helminthol 2018; 94: e10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X18001013. PMid:30428936. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X18001...

[1] *Corresponding author: Alynne da Silva Barbosa. E-mail: alynnedsb@gmail.com

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