Incidence of congenital syphilis according to inequalities and living conditions in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

Ramos, Roberta de Souza Pereira da Silva; Carneiro, Gledsângela Ribeiro; Oliveira, André Luiz Sá de; Cunha, Tarcisio Neves da; Ramos, Vânia Pinheiro

doi:10.1590/1806-93042021000300004

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Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil

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ORIGINAL ARTICLES • Rev. Bras. Saúde Mater. Infant. 21 (03) • Jul-Sep 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042021000300004 copy

Incidence of congenital syphilis according to inequalities and living conditions in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objectives:

to analyze the variation in the incidence rates of congenital syphilis according to the spatial distribution of Life Condition Index (LCI) among neighborhoods in the city of Recife-PE.

Methods:

an ecological study, developed from 3,234 cases of congenital syphilis notified in the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Severe Disease Notification Information System), between 2007 and 2016. LCI was built from seven variables related to the dimensions of the environment, education and income, aggregated at the neighborhood levels and spatially distributed in four strata: very high, high, low and very low. The correlation between the rates of congenital syphilis in the strata and LCI was investigated by applying the Spearman correlation coefficient and demonstrated by means of scatter graphics.

Results:

the mean rate on disease incidence was 6.8 cases per thousand live births. There was a higher incidence in the strata of very low and low living conditions, as well as in Districts that presented poor sanitary conditions and low schooling for the head of the family (District VII), higher proportion of illiteracy among 10 and 14 year olds (District II) and low income of the head of the household (Districts I, II and VII).

Conclusions:

this study showed the persistence of health inequalities in areas with worse living conditions.

Key words
Congenital syphilis; Social inequity; Geographic mapping

Variable	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1 Adequate sanitary installation	1.00
2 Direct garbage collection	0.371	1.00
3 Head of the household ≤ 3 years of schooling	0.548	0.417	1.00
4 Illiteracy 10 to 14 year olds	0.462	0.438	0.792	1.00
5 Number of illiterate elderly people	0.652	0.418	0.763	0.665	1.00
6 Head of the household income ≤ 2 salaries	0.706	0.356	0.789	0.660	0.803	1.00
7 Overcrowding	0.675	0.253	0.600	0.477	0.576	0.723	1.00

Components	Initial Eigen value			Sums of squared load extraction
Components	Total	% variance	% accumulated	Total	% variance	% accumulated
1	4,552	65,022	65,022	4,552	65,022	65,022
2	0.849	12,124	77,146
3	0.646	9,234	86.38
4	0.359	5,129	91,509
5	0.27	3,864	95,372
6	0.174	2,488	97.86
7	0.15	2.14	100

Stratification of ICVA	NNumber of congenital syphilis cases		Number of live births		Mean incidence rate of congenital syphilis
Stratification of ICVA	2007-2011	2012-2016	2007-2011	2012-2016	2007-2011	2012-2016
Very high	98	232	10976	7387	434.81	726.48
Intermediate	352	567	17971	11688	510.01	635.08
Low	333	700	20788	14475	585.61	794.75
Very low	315	615	13916	9105	813.98	888.78

Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira Rua dos Coelhos, 300. Boa Vista, 50070-550 Recife PE Brasil, Tel./Fax: +55 81 2122-4141 - Recife - PR - Brazil
E-mail: revista@imip.org.br

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[1] Authors’ contribution

Ramos RSPS: Research design, data collection, analysis and discussion of results, and article writing. Carneiro GR: Data collection, analysis and discussion of results. Oliveira ALS: Preparation of maps and analysis of results. Cunha TN: analysis and discussion of results. Ramos VP: analysis of results, grammar correction and review of the final draft of the manuscript. All authors approved the final version of the article.