The purpose of this study is to make a comparative analysis of the basalt and gneiss dust yielded by crushed-stone production in companies located in Londrina and Curitiba, two cities located in the State of Paraná, by carrying out environmental assessments backed by chemical, petrography and morphological analyses of rocks and dusts samples. An individual sampling pump fitted with PVC filters was attached to the workers' lapel to collect the breathable particles, which were later analyzed by X-ray diffraction to determine free crystallized silica. Samples collected at blasting site work-fronts were analyzed chemically and petrographically. The morphological analysis of dust particle size was performed with a sweeping electronic microscope. Breathable dust concentrations were high compared to the acceptable limits set by the environmental legislation. The rate of SiO2 for basalt ranged from 1.0 to 5,4% and over 10% for gneiss. The rate of gneiss was 15% higher than the rate of basalt for particles ranging from 0.5 to 3.0µm, where particles are more irregular in shape and more fibrous. The study showed that gneiss-exposed workers are more prone to silicosis nodule formations (classical silicosis), while basalt is more conducive to mixed dust pneumoconiosis.
silicosis; dust; crushed-stone
