| Factor |
Indicators |
Sources of reference |
| Attractiveness of sport event |
• Excitement about sport event |
Shonk & Chelladurai (2008Shonk, D. J., & Chelladurai, P. (2008). Service quality, satisfaction, and intent to return in event sport tourism. Journal of Sport Management, 22(5), 587-602. );
Henderson et al. (2010Henderson, J., Foo, K., Lim, H. & Yip, S. (2010). Sports events and tourism: the Singapore Formula One Grand Prix. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 1(1), 60-73. );
Briedenhann (2011Briedenhann, J. (2011). Economic and tourism expectations of the 2010 FIFA World Cup - A resident perspective. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 16(1), 5-32.);
Peeters et al. (2014Peeters, T., Matheson, V. & Szymanski, S. (2014). Tourism and the 2010World Cup: Lessons for Developing Countries. Journal of African Economies, 23(2), 290-320. ) |
| • Existence of additional tourist activities related to sport event or team |
Neirotti, Bosetti & Teed (2001);
Gibson et al. (2003Gibson, H., Willming, C., & Holdnak A. (2003). Small-scale event sport tourism: Fans as tourists. Tourism Management, 24, 181-190.);
Xing & Chalip (2009Xing, X. & Chalip, L. (2009). Marching in the glory: Experiences and meanings when working for a sport mega-event. Journal of Sport Management, 23, 210-237.);
Henderson et al. (2010Henderson, J., Foo, K., Lim, H. & Yip, S. (2010). Sports events and tourism: the Singapore Formula One Grand Prix. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 1(1), 60-73. );
Alexandris & Kaplanidou, (2014Alexandris, K. & Kaplanidou, K. (2014). Marketing sport event tourism: Sport tourist behaviors and destination provisions. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 23, 125-126.);
Koo et al. (2014Koo, S. K., Byon, K. K., & Baker, T. A. (2014). Integrating event image, satisfaction, and behavioral intention: Small-scale marathon event. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 23, 127-137.) |
| Travel experience |
• Number of tourist attractions
• Availability of transportation infrastructure and services
• Quality of accommodations
• Safety
• Attitude of local residents at destination |
Prideaux (2000Prideaux, B. (2000). The role of the transport system in destination development. Tourism Management, 21, 53-63.);
Schiefelbusch et al. (2007);
Shonk & Chelladurai (2008Shonk, D. J., & Chelladurai, P. (2008). Service quality, satisfaction, and intent to return in event sport tourism. Journal of Sport Management, 22(5), 587-602. );
Okayasu et al. (2010Okayasu, I., Nogawa, H., & Morais, D. (2010). Resource investments and loyalty to recreational sport tourism event. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 27 (6), 565-578. );
Briedenhann (2011Briedenhann, J. (2011). Economic and tourism expectations of the 2010 FIFA World Cup - A resident perspective. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 16(1), 5-32.);
Korstanje, Tzanelli & Clayton (2014);
Rocha & Fink (2017Rocha, C. M., & Fink, J. S. (2017). Attitudes toward attending the 2016 Olympic Games and visiting Brazil after the games. Tourism Management Perspectives, 22, 17-26.) |
| Identity of being a fan |
• Identity of a fan of sport team or club
• Identity of a fan at sport event |
Czepiel & Gilmore (1987Czepiel, J. A. & Gilmore, R. (1987). Exploring the concept of loyalty in services. In C. Congram, J. A. Czepiel, & J. Shanahan (Eds.), The service challenge: Integrating for competitive advantage (pp. 91-94). Chicago: American Marketing Association.);
Branscombe & Wann (1994);
Wann (1995);
Faulkner, Tideswell, & Weston (1998);
Mahony, Madrigal & Howard (2000Mahony, D. F., Madrigal, R., & Howard, D. R. (2000). Using the Psychological Commitment to Team (PCT) Scale to segment sport consumers based on loyalty. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 9(1), 15-25.);
Gibson et al. (2003Gibson, H., Willming, C., & Holdnak A. (2003). Small-scale event sport tourism: Fans as tourists. Tourism Management, 24, 181-190.);
Florek, Breitbarth & Conejo (2008Florek, M., Breitbarth, T., & Conejo, F. (2008). Mega Event = Mega Impact? Travelling fans' experience and perceptions of the 2006 FIFA World Cup host nation. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 13(3), 199-219.);
Xing & Chalip (2009Xing, X. & Chalip, L. (2009). Marching in the glory: Experiences and meanings when working for a sport mega-event. Journal of Sport Management, 23, 210-237.);
Briedenhann (2011Briedenhann, J. (2011). Economic and tourism expectations of the 2010 FIFA World Cup - A resident perspective. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 16(1), 5-32.);
Alexandris & Kaplanidou, (2014Alexandris, K. & Kaplanidou, K. (2014). Marketing sport event tourism: Sport tourist behaviors and destination provisions. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 23, 125-126.);
Koo et al. (2014Koo, S. K., Byon, K. K., & Baker, T. A. (2014). Integrating event image, satisfaction, and behavioral intention: Small-scale marathon event. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 23, 127-137.);
Peeters et al. (2014Peeters, T., Matheson, V. & Szymanski, S. (2014). Tourism and the 2010World Cup: Lessons for Developing Countries. Journal of African Economies, 23(2), 290-320. ) |
| Travel cost |
• Cost of sport event admission
• Cost of travel
• Exchange rate |
Kim et al. (2005Kim, S. S., Guo, Y., & Agrusa, J. (2005). Preference and positioning analyses of overseas destinations by mainland Chinese outbound pleasure tourists. Journal of Travel Research, 44(2), 212-220. );
van Cranenburgh, Chorus, & van Wee (2014van Cranenburgh, S., Chorus, C. G., & van Wee, B. (2014). Vacation behaviour under high travel cost conditions - A stated preference of revealed preference approach. Tourism Management, 43, 105-118.) |
Source: The authors