The objective of this trial was to investigate the physical characteristics of carcasses and primary cuts of 86 steers and bulls averaging 329 kg of body weight and 20 months of age. Twelve Gir, 20 Nellore, 20 Guzerá , and 20 Caracu all from herds that genetically selected for weight gain at 378 days of age and 14 non-genetically improved Nellore (control) were used in this study. Corn silage was used as the forage portion of the diet in a 60:40 (% DM) forage to concentrate ratio. A completely randomized design with a 5 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments (genetic group and sexual condition) was used. Bulls had carcasses with greater weight, yield, and proportion of muscular tissue but similar subcutaneous fat thickness compared to steers. Caracu showed a slower development but greater muscular tissue deposition and less fat deposition resulting in higher proportion of beef round compared to the remaining breeds. The genetically improved Zebu had heavier carcasses than the non-genetically improved Nellore. The greatest hot carcass weight within Zebu was observed on the genetically improved Nellore (287 kg) and was similar to that found on Caracu (299 kg). Genetically and non-genetically improved Nellore and Gir had the highest yields of hot carcass (57.83, 56.82 and 57.26%, respectively). Caracu showed the greatest carcass length (134 cm) while non-geneticallyimproved Nellore the lowest (118.67 cm). The rib eye area was greater on Caracu than Zebu whereas the opposite was observed for subcutaneous fat thickness with the exception of Gir. Within the genetically improved animals, Nellore had the greatest carcass weight and within sexual condition, bulls showed finishing covering fat that fulfills the market requirements.
carcass yield; primary cuts
