Revision of the neotropical cichlid genus Gymnogeophagus Ribeiro, 1918, with descriptions of two new species (Pisces, Perciformes)

Revision of the neotropical cichlid genus Gymnogeophagus Ribeiro, 1918, with descriptions of two new species (Pisces, Perciformes)

Reis, R. E.^I; L. R. Malabarba^II

^IMuseu Anchieta, Setor de Ictiologia, Av. Nilo Peçanha, 1521, C. Postal 358, 90.000 Porto Alegre, Brazil and Museu de Ciências da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, C. Postal 1429, 90.000 Porto Alegre, Brazil

^IIMuseu de Ciências da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, C. Postal 1429, 90.000 Porto Alegre, Brazil and Centro de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, UFRGS, Av. Paulo Gama, s/nº, 90.000 Porto Alegre, Brazil

ABSTRACT

The Neotropical cichlid genus Gymnogeophagus Ribeiro, 1918 is revised. The following species are considered valid and are redescribed: G. rhabdotus (Hensel, 1870), G. gymnogenys (Hensel, 1870), G. labiatus (Hensel, 1870), G. balzanii (Perugia, 1891) and G. australis (Eigenmann, 1907). In addition, two new species are described: G. lacustris, sp. n., from the coastal region of southern Brazil and G. meridionalis, sp. n., from the lower Rio Paraná and Rio Uruguay systems. Lectotypes are designated for Geophagus bucephalus Hensel, 1870 (= G. labiatus) and Geophagus scymnophilus Hensel, 1870 (= G. labiatus) and the phylogenetic relationships among the species are analyzed. An osteological description based mainly on G. meridionalis is presented. A map of species distribution and a key to the species are provided.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are much indebted to the following persons and institutions for the loan and exchange of specimens, information and other assistance: L. H. Amato (CECN); N. Bellisio (MACN); B. Brewster BM(NH); H. A. Britski (MZUSP); J. R. Casciotta (CIMLP); J. L. Figueiredo (MZUSP); K. E. Hartel (MCZ); T. Iwamoto (CAS); S. O. Kullander (NRM); V. Mahnert (MHNG); F. R. Meyer (MAPA); H.-J. Paepke (ZMB); R. J. Schmitz (FMNH); W. F. Smith-Vaniz (ANSP) and M. L. J. Stiassny (MCZ).

The comments and criticism of P. A. Buckup (MAPA); C. A. S Lucena (MCP); Z. M. S. Lucena (MCP); F. A. Pires (DZUFRGS) and specially those of R. P. Vari (USNM), contributed greatly to the improvement of this paper.

Several photographs were made by Mr. José Schuster Filho from Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul.

Some collecting expeditions associated with this study were partially supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul and Museu Anchieta.

COMPARATIVE MATERIAL EXAMINED

Aequidens portalegrensis (Hensel, 1870)

MAPA 0258 (1 ex.), MAPA 0673 (2 ex.), MAPA 1888 (4 ex.), MAPA 2270 (1 Cl&St)

Cichlasoma dimerus (Heckel, 1840)

MAPA 1282 (1 ex.)

Cichlasoma facetum (Jenyns, 1842)

MAPA 1959 (1 ex.), MAPA 2160 (1 ex.), MAPA 2269 (2 Cl&St)

Cichlasoma pusillum Kullander, 1983

MAPA 2310 (8 ex.)

Crenicichla lacustris (Castelnau, 1855)

MAPA 0603 (1 ex.), MAPA 0777 (1 ex.), MAPA 0826 (1 ex.)

Crenicichla lepidota Heckel, 1840

MAPA 0563 (1 ex.), MAPA 0956 (1 ex.), MAPA 1948 (1 ex.), MAPA 2273 (1 Cl&St)

Papiliochromis ramirezi (Myers & Harry, 1948)

MAPA 2277 (2 Cl&St)

Symphysodon discus Heckel, 1840

MAPA 2275 (1 Cl&St)

Pterophylum sp.

MAPA 2276 (2 Cl&St)

Apistogramma sp.

MCP 9380 (2 ex.)

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Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  20 Aug 2009
• Date of issue
  1987