Dispersão ativa em Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera; Drosophilidae)

Carvalho, Salvador de; Kratz, Fernando Luiz

doi:10.1590/S0101-81751988000100003

Resumos

Em uma floresta remanescente do "mato grosso goiano" (Goiânia, GO, Brasil), moscas marcadas e mutantes "white" de Drosophila melanogaster foram soltos na intersecção de dois eixos ortogonais. Foram colocadas armadilhas a intervalos de 20 m nesses eixos. Coletas periódicas, a cada meia hora, das 08:30 às 17:00 hs foram realizadas, para estudar a dispersão das moscas no meio natural e para inferir a significância do componente genético nessa dispersão. Os dados obtidos sugerem as seguintes conclusões: foi detectada dispersão ativa; essa dispersão ativa depende do genótipo (foi maior no tipo selvagem que no mutante "white"); os padrões de dispersão mudaram de acordo com o tempo; uma mobilidade presumível de 120 m/h foi detectada; uma estimativa aproximada da densidade populacional sugere valores de cerca de 25.000 moscas/3.600m² para o grupo melanogaster e de cerca de 50.000 moscas/3.600m² para as Drosophila em geral; a freqüência da captura mudou durante o período.

In a remaining wood of the "mato grosso goiano" (Goiânia, Go, Brazil), Drosophila melanogaster marked flies as well as "white" mutants were released at the inter-section of two orthogonal axis. Traps were disposed at intervals of 20m over these axis. Every half hour, from 08:30 to 17:00, periodics collects were performed to study the dispersion of the flies in natural environement as well as to infer about the significance of the genetic component in this dispersion. The obtained data suggest the following conclusions: acitve dispersion was detected; this active dispersion is genotype dependent (it was bigger in the wild type than the " white" mutante); the dispersion patterns changed according to time; a presumiblemobility potential of 120m/hour was detected; an approximate estimate of the population density suggest values of about 25,000 flies/3,600m² for the melanogaster group and about 50,000 flies 3,600m² for Drosophila in general; the frequence of capture changed during the period.

Dispersão ativa em Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera; Drosophilidae)

Salvador de Carvalho; Fernando Luiz Kratz

Departamento de Biologia Geral do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Goiás - (C. Postal: 131 - Goiânia - GO)

RESUMO

Em uma floresta remanescente do "mato grosso goiano" (Goiânia, GO, Brasil), moscas marcadas e mutantes "white" de Drosophila melanogaster foram soltos na intersecção de dois eixos ortogonais. Foram colocadas armadilhas a intervalos de 20 m nesses eixos. Coletas periódicas, a cada meia hora, das 08:30 às 17:00 hs foram realizadas, para estudar a dispersão das moscas no meio natural e para inferir a significância do componente genético nessa dispersão. Os dados obtidos sugerem as seguintes conclusões: foi detectada dispersão ativa; essa dispersão ativa depende do genótipo (foi maior no tipo selvagem que no mutante "white"); os padrões de dispersão mudaram de acordo com o tempo; uma mobilidade presumível de 120 m/h foi detectada; uma estimativa aproximada da densidade populacional sugere valores de cerca de 25.000 moscas/3.600m² para o grupo melanogaster e de cerca de 50.000 moscas/3.600m² para as Drosophila em geral; a freqüência da captura mudou durante o período.

ABSTRACT

In a remaining wood of the "mato grosso goiano" (Goiânia, Go, Brazil), Drosophila melanogaster marked flies as well as "white" mutants were released at the inter-section of two orthogonal axis. Traps were disposed at intervals of 20m over these axis. Every half hour, from 08:30 to 17:00, periodics collects were performed to study the dispersion of the flies in natural environement as well as to infer about the significance of the genetic component in this dispersion. The obtained data suggest the following conclusions: acitve dispersion was detected; this active dispersion is genotype dependent (it was bigger in the wild type than the " white" mutante); the dispersion patterns changed according to time; a presumiblemobility potential of 120m/hour was detected; an approximate estimate of the population density suggest values of about 25,000 flies/3,600m² for the melanogaster group and about 50,000 flies 3,600m² for Drosophila in general; the frequence of capture changed during the period.

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AGRADECIMENTOS

Esta pesquisa foi realizada com o auxílio da COPERCOPE/UFG.

Burla, H., A.B. da Cunha, A.G.L. Cavalcanti, Th. Dobzhansky and C. Pavan, 1950. Population density and dispersal rantes in Brasilian Drosophila willistoni. Ecology 19:1-14.
Bryant, S. H. 1975. The frequency and allelism of lethal chromosomes in isolated desert populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura. Ph. D. thesis, University of California, Riverside, USA.
³
Carson. H.L. 1971. Speciation and the founder principle. Stadler Genetics Symposia, 3:51.
Carvalho, S. 1981. Adaptive value components for six species of the saltans subgroup (saltans group of Drosophila) in six species of yeast species. Rev. Bras. Genet. IV, 4,733-734.
Carvalho, S. 1982. Attraction of six species of yeast and growth of three species of Drosophila of the saltans subgroup (saltans group) ant their hibrids. Rev. Bras. Genet. V, 1:233-234.
Crumpacker, D.W. and J.S. Williams. 1973. Density, dispersion, and population structure in Drosophila pseudoobscura. Ecology Monographs, 43:499-538.
Dobzhansky, Th. 1973. Active dispersal and passive transport in Drosophila. Evolution, 27:556-575.
Dobzhansky, Th. and C. Epling. 1944. Contributions of the genetics, taxonomy and ecology of Drosophila pseudoobscura and its relatives. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 554:1-183.
Dobzhansky, Th. and C. Pavan. 1950. Local and seasonal variations in relative frequencies os species of Drosophila in Brazil. J. Animal Ecol. 19:1-14.
Dobzhansky, Th.; J.R. Powell. 1974. Rates of dispersal of Drosophila pseudoobscura and its relatives. Proc. Roy. Soc. London, B 187:281-298.
Dobzhansky, Th. and S. Wright. 1943. Genetics of natural populations. X. Dispersion rates in Drosophila pseudoobscura. Genetics, 28:304-340.
Dobzhansky, Th. And S. Wright. 1947. Genetics of natural populations. XV. Rate of difusion of a mutant gene through a population of Drosophila pseudoobscura. Genetics, 32:303-324.
Johnson, C.G. 1969. Migration and dispersal of insects by flight. Metheun, London.
Johnston, J.S. and W.B. Heed. 1975. Dispersal of Drosophila: The effect of baiting on the behavior and distribution of natural population. Amer. Nat., 190:207-216.
Kratz, F.L., D. Brandão, L.G. Pinto e L.G. de Faria. 1982. Altura de voô e padrão de distribuição em Drosophila. Ciência e Cultura, 34(2):303-209.
Lincoln, F.C. 1930. Calculating waterflow abundance on the basis of banding return. U.S.D.A. Circ. 118:1-4.
Mikasa, K. and T. Narise. 1979. The relation between dispersive behavior and temperature in Drosophila melanogaster. I. Dispersal patterns. Jap. J. Genet., 54(4):217-228.
Sakai, K.T. Narise, Y. Hiraizumi and S. lyama. 1958. Studies on compettion in plants and animals. IX. Experimental studies on migration in Drosophila melanogaster. Evolution, 12:93-101.
Tadei, W.P. and C.A. Mourão. 1976. A technique to mark insects. Ciência e Cultura, 28:550.
Tantawy, A.O., A.M. Mourad and A.A. Abou-Youssef. 1975. Studies on natural populations of Drosophila. XVI. Migration in Drosophila melanogaster in relation to genotype, temperature and population density. Egypt. J. Genet. Cytol. 4:263-276
Timmoffeeff-Ressovsky, N.W. and E.A. Timmoffeeff-Ressovsky. 1940. Populations genetisch Versuch an Drosophila. Zeit., and Abst. Vererb. 79:28-49.
Wallace, B. 1970. Observations on microdispersion of Drosophila melanogaster. In M.K. Hecht and W.C. Steere (eds): Essays in evolution and genetics. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
17 Ago 2009
Data do Fascículo
Jul 1988

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] Burla, H., A.B. da Cunha, A.G.L. Cavalcanti, Th. Dobzhansky and C. Pavan, 1950. Population density and dispersal rantes in Brasilian Drosophila willistoni. Ecology 19:1-14.

[2] Bryant, S. H. 1975. The frequency and allelism of lethal chromosomes in isolated desert populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura. Ph. D. thesis, University of California, Riverside, USA.

[3] ³
Carson. H.L. 1971. Speciation and the founder principle. Stadler Genetics Symposia, 3:51.

[4] Carvalho, S. 1981. Adaptive value components for six species of the saltans subgroup (saltans group of Drosophila) in six species of yeast species. Rev. Bras. Genet. IV, 4,733-734.

[5] Carvalho, S. 1982. Attraction of six species of yeast and growth of three species of Drosophila of the saltans subgroup (saltans group) ant their hibrids. Rev. Bras. Genet. V, 1:233-234.

[6] Crumpacker, D.W. and J.S. Williams. 1973. Density, dispersion, and population structure in Drosophila pseudoobscura. Ecology Monographs, 43:499-538.

[7] Dobzhansky, Th. 1973. Active dispersal and passive transport in Drosophila. Evolution, 27:556-575.

[8] Dobzhansky, Th. and C. Epling. 1944. Contributions of the genetics, taxonomy and ecology of Drosophila pseudoobscura and its relatives. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 554:1-183.

[9] Dobzhansky, Th. and C. Pavan. 1950. Local and seasonal variations in relative frequencies os species of Drosophila in Brazil. J. Animal Ecol. 19:1-14.

[10] Dobzhansky, Th.; J.R. Powell. 1974. Rates of dispersal of Drosophila pseudoobscura and its relatives. Proc. Roy. Soc. London, B 187:281-298.

[11] Dobzhansky, Th. and S. Wright. 1943. Genetics of natural populations. X. Dispersion rates in Drosophila pseudoobscura. Genetics, 28:304-340.

[12] Dobzhansky, Th. And S. Wright. 1947. Genetics of natural populations. XV. Rate of difusion of a mutant gene through a population of Drosophila pseudoobscura. Genetics, 32:303-324.

[13] Johnson, C.G. 1969. Migration and dispersal of insects by flight. Metheun, London.

[14] Johnston, J.S. and W.B. Heed. 1975. Dispersal of Drosophila: The effect of baiting on the behavior and distribution of natural population. Amer. Nat., 190:207-216.

[15] Kratz, F.L., D. Brandão, L.G. Pinto e L.G. de Faria. 1982. Altura de voô e padrão de distribuição em Drosophila. Ciência e Cultura, 34(2):303-209.

[16] Lincoln, F.C. 1930. Calculating waterflow abundance on the basis of banding return. U.S.D.A. Circ. 118:1-4.

[17] Mikasa, K. and T. Narise. 1979. The relation between dispersive behavior and temperature in Drosophila melanogaster. I. Dispersal patterns. Jap. J. Genet., 54(4):217-228.

[18] Sakai, K.T. Narise, Y. Hiraizumi and S. lyama. 1958. Studies on compettion in plants and animals. IX. Experimental studies on migration in Drosophila melanogaster. Evolution, 12:93-101.

[19] Tadei, W.P. and C.A. Mourão. 1976. A technique to mark insects. Ciência e Cultura, 28:550.

[20] Tantawy, A.O., A.M. Mourad and A.A. Abou-Youssef. 1975. Studies on natural populations of Drosophila. XVI. Migration in Drosophila melanogaster in relation to genotype, temperature and population density. Egypt. J. Genet. Cytol. 4:263-276

[21] Timmoffeeff-Ressovsky, N.W. and E.A. Timmoffeeff-Ressovsky. 1940. Populations genetisch Versuch an Drosophila. Zeit., and Abst. Vererb. 79:28-49.

[22] Wallace, B. 1970. Observations on microdispersion of Drosophila melanogaster. In M.K. Hecht and W.C. Steere (eds): Essays in evolution and genetics. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York.