Ablação ocular no camarão Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae): efeitos sobre a reprodução, pigmentação epidérmica e atividade alimentar

Santos, Marcel José Martins dos; Pinheiro, Marcelo Antônio Amaro

doi:10.1590/S0101-81752000000300012

Resumo

This study analyze the consequences of unilateral and bilateral ablation based on ovigerous percentage, consecutive spawns, and secondary effects of the surgical process in the females of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879). Two experiments were carried out with four and seven months old females in intermolt stage. Each experiment was comprised of control, unilateral and bilateral ablation. Eyestalk ablation was done with a bistoury with a topic hot cauterization followed by application of antibiotic pomades. The animals were maintained at constant temperature (28 ± 1,05ºC) and photoperiod of 12L: 12D within fibercement boxes with sandy bottom and biological filter. Females were observed once a day during fourteen weeks, registering gonadal condition, ecdysis and presence of spermatophore (mating) and spawning. Unilateral ablation technique is more efficient due to the anticipation of the first spawn, repeatability between spawns, expressive rate of ovigerous females and survival, that favored its applicability. Bilateral eyestalk ablation produced the mortality of ali the females with change in coloration and food activity patterns. These results corroborate other observations on penaeid shrimps. though bilateral ablation on some lobsters was a success. These results showing an interespecific variation and can be used in aquaculture projects.

Crustacea; eyestalk ablation; reproduction; pigmentation; feeding activity; prawn

Ablação ocular no camarão Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae): efeitos sobre a reprodução, pigmentação epidérmica e atividade alimentar

Eyestalk ablation in the prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae): effects on reproduction, epidermic pigmentation and feeding activity

Marcel José Martins dos Santos^I; Marcelo Antônio Amaro Pinheiro^II

^ILaboratório de Biologia de Crustáceos, Centro de Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista

^IIDepartamento de Biologia Aplicada, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Núcleo de Estudos em Biologia, Ecologia e Cultivo de Crustáceos. Via de acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil

ABSTRACT

This study analyze the consequences of unilateral and bilateral ablation based on ovigerous percentage, consecutive spawns, and secondary effects of the surgical process in the females of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879). Two experiments were carried out with four and seven months old females in intermolt stage. Each experiment was comprised of control, unilateral and bilateral ablation. Eyestalk ablation was done with a bistoury with a topic hot cauterization followed by application of antibiotic pomades. The animals were maintained at constant temperature (28 ± 1,05ºC) and photoperiod of 12L: 12D within fibercement boxes with sandy bottom and biological filter. Females were observed once a day during fourteen weeks, registering gonadal condition, ecdysis and presence of spermatophore (mating) and spawning. Unilateral ablation technique is more efficient due to the anticipation of the first spawn, repeatability between spawns, expressive rate of ovigerous females and survival, that favored its applicability. Bilateral eyestalk ablation produced the mortality of ali the females with change in coloration and food activity patterns. These results corroborate other observations on penaeid shrimps. though bilateral ablation on some lobsters was a success. These results showing an interespecific variation and can be used in aquaculture projects.

Key words: Crustacea, eyestalk ablation, reproduction, pigmentation, feeding activity, prawn

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AGRADECIMENTOS. Aos técnicos do Setor de Carcinicultura do CAUNESP, Biól. José Roberto Polachini e Sr. Valdecir Lima, pelo precioso auxílio durante a fase experimental deste trabalho. À Profa. Dra. Maria Lucia Negreiros-Fransozo (Departamento de Zoologia, IB/UMESP) e Dr. Jellu Makoto Nakagaki (UEMS), pelas preciosas sugestões fornecidas por ocasião da defesa do trabalho de graduação que resultou no presente artigo.

Recebido em 26.VIII.1999; aceito em 22.VIII.2000.

Adiyodi, K.G. & R.G. Adiyodi. 1970. Endocrine control of reproduction in decapod Crustacea. Bio. Rev. Canibriged Philos Soc. 45:121-165.
Aoto, T. 1965. On the possible participation of the nauplius-eye in chromatophoral regulation in the adult prawn, Palaemon paucidens. Jour. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Univ., Ser. 6,(15):652-661.
Baptista, J.M.R.; M.G.Z. Baumgarton & L.F.H. Niencheskii. 1987. Caderno de Análises em Oceanografia Química. Rio Grande, Editora FURG, Série Documento nº 8, 64p.
Browdy, C.L. & T.M. Samocha. 1985. The effect of eyestalk ablation on spawning, moulting and mating of Penaeus semisulcatus De Hann. Aquaculture 49:19-29.
Brown Jr., F.A. 1935. Color changes in Palaemonetes. Jour. Morphol. 57:317-333.
Brown Jr., F.A.; H.E. Ederstron & H.H. Scudamore. 1939. Sinus, glandectomy in crustaceans sinus gland. Jour. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 15:103-119.
Brown JR., F.A.; H.M. Webb & M.I. Sandeen. 1952. The action of two hormones regulating the red chromatophores of Palaemonetes. Jour. Exp. Zool. 120:391-420.
Campbell, G.R. & D.R. Fielder. 1986. Size at sexual maturity and occurrence of ovigerous females in three species of comercially exploited portunid crabs in S.E. Queensland. Proc. R. Soc. Queensl. 97:79-87.
Castillo, R. & G. Negre-Sadargues. 1991. Effect of eyestalk ablation on the metabolism of carotenoid pigment of the hermit crab Clibanarius erythropus Latrielle (1818) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 99B(1):187-192.
Chaves-Justo, C; K. Aida & I. Hanyu. 1990. Effects of photoperiod and temperature on molting, reproduction and growth of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 52(2):209-217.
Choy, S. C. 1987. Growth and Reproduction of eyestalk ablated Penaeus canaliculatus (Oliver, 1811) (Crustacea: Penaeidae). Jour. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 112:93-107.
Chu, K.H. & W.K.Chow. 1992. Effects of unilateral versus bilateral eyestalk ablation on moulting and growth of the shrimp, Penaeus chinensis (Osbeck, 1765) (Decapoda, Penaeidae). Crustaceana 62(3):225-233.
Démeusy, N. 1962. Observations sur la maturation ovarienne du crabe Carcinus maenas L. aprés ablation des glandes de mue chez les femelles adultes. Premiers résultats. Acad. Sci. Paris: 3062-3064.
Drach, P. & C. Tchernigovtzeff. 1967. Sur la méthode de détermination des stades d'intermue et son aplication générale aux crustacés. Vie et Milieu, Ser. A, 18:595-610.
Fingerman, M. & E.F. Couch. 1967. The red pigment-dispersing hormone of the abdominal nerve cord and its contribution to the physiology of the prawn, Palaemonetes vulgaris. Rev. Can. Biol. 26:109-117.
Gesteira, T.C.V.; J.R.F. Silva; E. Schrader & A.V.P. Lima. 1989-90. Maturação de fêmeas da lagosta Panulirus laevicauda (Latreille) (Crustacea, Palinuridae) em confinamento. I. Influência da ablação do pedúnculo ocular. Arq. Ciên. Mar 28:17-26.
Golterman, H.L.; R.S. Clymo & M.A.M. Ohnstad. 1978. Methods for physical and chemical analysis of freshwaters. London, Blackweel Sci., 214p.
Juinio-Meñez, M.A. & J. Ruinata. 1996. Survival, growth and food conversion efficiency of Panulirus ornatus following eyestalk ablation. Aquaculture 146:225-235.
Knowles, F.G.W.; D.B. Carlisle & M. Dupont-Raabe. 1955. Studies on pigment-activating substances in animals. 1. The separation by paper electrophoresis of chromactivating substances in arthropods. Jour. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 34:611-635.
Kyomo, J. 1988. Analysis of the relationship between gonads and hepatopancreas in males and females of the crab Sesarma intermedia, with reference to resource use and reproduction. Mar. Biol. 97:87-93.
Lawrence. A.L.; Y. Akamine; B.S. Middledictch; G. Chamberlain & D. Hutchins. 1980. Maturation and reproduction of Penaeus setiferus in captivity. Proc. World Maricult. Soc. 1:481-487.
Lumare, F. 1981. Artificial reproduction of Penaeus japonicus Bate as basis for the mass production of eggs and larvae. Jour. World Maricult. Soc. 12(2):335-344.
Meusy, J.J. &. G.G. Payen. 1988. Female reproduction in Malacostracan Crustacea. Zool. Sci. 5:217-265.
Nagabhushanam, R. & G.K. Kulkarni. 1983. Reproductive biology of the female of a penaeid prawn Parapeneopsis hardwickii (Miers). Indian Jour. Fish. 29(1,2):151-159.
New, M.B. 1990. Freshwater prawn culture: a review. Aquaculture 88:99-143.
______. 1995. Status of freshwater farming: a review. Aquaculture Research 26:1-54.
Nurjana, M.L. & W.T. Yang. 1976. Induced gonad maturation, spawning and postlarval production of Penaeus merguiensis De Man. Bull. Shrimp Cult. Res. Cent. 2(3):177-186.
Panouse, M.J. 1943. Influence de l'ablation du péduncule oculaire sur la croissance de l'ovarie chez la crevette Leander serratus. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 217:533-555.
Pasteur, C. 1958. Influence de l'ablation de l'organe X sur le comportment chromatique de Leander serratus (Pennant). C.R. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. Paris 246:320-322.
Payen, G.G. 1980-81. Aspects fondamentaux de l'endocrinologie de la reproduction chez les crustaces marins. Oceanis 6(3):309-339.
Primavera, J.H. 1978. Induced maturation and spawning in five-month-old Penaeus monodon Fabricius by eyestalk ablation. Aquaculture 13:355-359.
______. 1979. Notes on the courtship and mating behavior in Penaeus monodon Fabricius (Decapoda, Natantia). Crustaceana 37:287-292.
Primavera, J.H. 1985. Review of maturation and reproduction in close thelycum penaeids. In: Y. Takai; J.H. Primavera & J.A. Llobrera (Eds). International Conference on Culture of Penaeid Prawns and Shrimps. I. Proceedings Hoiolo, SAEFDEC Aquaculture Departament: 47-67.
______. 1988. Maturation, reproduction, and bloodstock tecnology. In: J.H. PRIMAVERA (Ed.). Biology and culture of Penaeus monodon. Tigbauan, Aquaculture Department of Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, 177p.
Rao, K.J. 1991. Reproductive biology of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) from Lake Kolleru (Andrha Pradesh). Indian Jour. Anim. Sci. 61(7):780-787.
Rao, K.R. 1985. Pigmentary Effectars, p. 395-462. In: D.E. Bliss; L.H. Mantel (Ed.). The Biology of Crustacea. Integument, pigments, and hormonal processes. New York, Academic Press, Vol. 9, XXIX+550p.
Robison Jr., W.G. & J.S. Chariton. 1973. Microtubules, microfilaments and pigment granule movement in the cromatophores of Palaemonetes vulgaris (Crustacea). Jour. Exp. Zool. 186:279-304.
Rosas, C; I. Fernandes; R. Brito & E. Diaz-Iglesia. 1993. The effect of eyestalk ablation on the pink shrimp, Penaeus notialis. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 104A(1):183-187.
Ruppert, E.E. & R.D. Barnes. 1996. Zoologia dos invertebrados. São Paulo, Roca, 1029p.
Sagi, A.; R. Shoukrun; T. Levy; A. Barki; G. Hulata & I. Karplus. 1997. Reproduction and moult in previously spawned and first-time spawning red-claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus females following eyestalk ablation during the winter reproductive-arrest period. Aquaculture 156: 101-111.
Santiago JR., A.C. 1977. Successful spawning of cultured Penaeus monodon Fabricius after eyestalk ablation. Aquaculture 11:185-196.
Scheer, B.T. & M.A.R. Scheer. 1954. The hormonal control of metabolism in crustaceans. VII. Moulting and color change in the prawn, Leander serratus. Pubbl. Stn. Zool. Napoli 37:397-418.
Sears, M.A.; D. Rittschof & T. O'Brien. 1991. Eyestalk factor modulation of chemically stimulated feeding in sand fiddler crabs Uca pugilator (Bosc, 1802). Jour. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 152:1-13.
Shibley, G.A. 1968. Eyestalk function in cromatophore control in a crab, Cancer magister. Phisiol. Zool. 41:268-279.
Sipaúba-Tavares, L.H. 1994. Limnologia Aplicada à Aquicultura. Jaboticabal: FUNEP, 72p.
Sokal, R.R. & F.J. Rohlf. 1979. Biometria. Principios y métodos estadísticos en la investigación biológica. Madri, H. Blume Ediciones, 832p.
Steele, V.J.; B.H. Steele & B.R. MacPherson. 1977. The effect of photoperiod on the reproductive cycle of Gammarus setosus Dementieva, 1931. Crustaceana 4:58-63.
Tan-Fermin, J.D. 1991. Effects of unilateral eyestalk ablation on ovarian histology and oocyte size frequency of wild and pond-reared Penaeus monodon (Fabricius) broodstock. Aquaculture 93:77-86.
Valenti, W.C. 1985. Cultivo de Camarões de Água Doce. São Paulo, Ed. Nobel, 82p.
Vijayakumaran, M. & E.V. Radhakrishnan. 1984. Effect of eyestalk ablation in the spiny lobster Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus): II. On food intake and conversion. Indian Jour. Fish 31(1):148-155.
Willianson, H.C. 1904. Contribuitions to the life histories of the edible crab (Cancer pagurus) and of other Decapod Crustacea: Impregnation: Spawning: Casting: Distribution: Rate of growth. 22^ndRep. Fish. Board Scotland, 3, Sci. Invest.: 100-140.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
08 Maio 2009
Data do Fascículo
Set 2000

Histórico

Aceito
22 Ago 2000
Recebido
26 Ago 1999

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] Adiyodi, K.G. & R.G. Adiyodi. 1970. Endocrine control of reproduction in decapod Crustacea. Bio. Rev. Canibriged Philos Soc. 45:121-165.

[2] Aoto, T. 1965. On the possible participation of the nauplius-eye in chromatophoral regulation in the adult prawn, Palaemon paucidens. Jour. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Univ., Ser. 6,(15):652-661.

[3] Baptista, J.M.R.; M.G.Z. Baumgarton & L.F.H. Niencheskii. 1987. Caderno de Análises em Oceanografia Química. Rio Grande, Editora FURG, Série Documento nº 8, 64p.

[4] Browdy, C.L. & T.M. Samocha. 1985. The effect of eyestalk ablation on spawning, moulting and mating of Penaeus semisulcatus De Hann. Aquaculture 49:19-29.

[5] Brown Jr., F.A. 1935. Color changes in Palaemonetes. Jour. Morphol. 57:317-333.

[6] Brown Jr., F.A.; H.E. Ederstron & H.H. Scudamore. 1939. Sinus, glandectomy in crustaceans sinus gland. Jour. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 15:103-119.

[7] Brown JR., F.A.; H.M. Webb & M.I. Sandeen. 1952. The action of two hormones regulating the red chromatophores of Palaemonetes. Jour. Exp. Zool. 120:391-420.

[8] Campbell, G.R. & D.R. Fielder. 1986. Size at sexual maturity and occurrence of ovigerous females in three species of comercially exploited portunid crabs in S.E. Queensland. Proc. R. Soc. Queensl. 97:79-87.

[9] Castillo, R. & G. Negre-Sadargues. 1991. Effect of eyestalk ablation on the metabolism of carotenoid pigment of the hermit crab Clibanarius erythropus Latrielle (1818) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 99B(1):187-192.

[10] Chaves-Justo, C; K. Aida & I. Hanyu. 1990. Effects of photoperiod and temperature on molting, reproduction and growth of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 52(2):209-217.

[11] Choy, S. C. 1987. Growth and Reproduction of eyestalk ablated Penaeus canaliculatus (Oliver, 1811) (Crustacea: Penaeidae). Jour. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 112:93-107.

[12] Chu, K.H. & W.K.Chow. 1992. Effects of unilateral versus bilateral eyestalk ablation on moulting and growth of the shrimp, Penaeus chinensis (Osbeck, 1765) (Decapoda, Penaeidae). Crustaceana 62(3):225-233.

[13] Démeusy, N. 1962. Observations sur la maturation ovarienne du crabe Carcinus maenas L. aprés ablation des glandes de mue chez les femelles adultes. Premiers résultats. Acad. Sci. Paris: 3062-3064.

[14] Drach, P. & C. Tchernigovtzeff. 1967. Sur la méthode de détermination des stades d'intermue et son aplication générale aux crustacés. Vie et Milieu, Ser. A, 18:595-610.

[15] Fingerman, M. & E.F. Couch. 1967. The red pigment-dispersing hormone of the abdominal nerve cord and its contribution to the physiology of the prawn, Palaemonetes vulgaris. Rev. Can. Biol. 26:109-117.

[16] Gesteira, T.C.V.; J.R.F. Silva; E. Schrader & A.V.P. Lima. 1989-90. Maturação de fêmeas da lagosta Panulirus laevicauda (Latreille) (Crustacea, Palinuridae) em confinamento. I. Influência da ablação do pedúnculo ocular. Arq. Ciên. Mar 28:17-26.

[17] Golterman, H.L.; R.S. Clymo & M.A.M. Ohnstad. 1978. Methods for physical and chemical analysis of freshwaters. London, Blackweel Sci., 214p.

[18] Juinio-Meñez, M.A. & J. Ruinata. 1996. Survival, growth and food conversion efficiency of Panulirus ornatus following eyestalk ablation. Aquaculture 146:225-235.

[19] Knowles, F.G.W.; D.B. Carlisle & M. Dupont-Raabe. 1955. Studies on pigment-activating substances in animals. 1. The separation by paper electrophoresis of chromactivating substances in arthropods. Jour. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 34:611-635.

[20] Kyomo, J. 1988. Analysis of the relationship between gonads and hepatopancreas in males and females of the crab Sesarma intermedia, with reference to resource use and reproduction. Mar. Biol. 97:87-93.

[21] Lawrence. A.L.; Y. Akamine; B.S. Middledictch; G. Chamberlain & D. Hutchins. 1980. Maturation and reproduction of Penaeus setiferus in captivity. Proc. World Maricult. Soc. 1:481-487.

[22] Lumare, F. 1981. Artificial reproduction of Penaeus japonicus Bate as basis for the mass production of eggs and larvae. Jour. World Maricult. Soc. 12(2):335-344.

[23] Meusy, J.J. &. G.G. Payen. 1988. Female reproduction in Malacostracan Crustacea. Zool. Sci. 5:217-265.

[24] Nagabhushanam, R. & G.K. Kulkarni. 1983. Reproductive biology of the female of a penaeid prawn Parapeneopsis hardwickii (Miers). Indian Jour. Fish. 29(1,2):151-159.

[25] New, M.B. 1990. Freshwater prawn culture: a review. Aquaculture 88:99-143.

[26] ______. 1995. Status of freshwater farming: a review. Aquaculture Research 26:1-54.

[27] Nurjana, M.L. & W.T. Yang. 1976. Induced gonad maturation, spawning and postlarval production of Penaeus merguiensis De Man. Bull. Shrimp Cult. Res. Cent. 2(3):177-186.

[28] Panouse, M.J. 1943. Influence de l'ablation du péduncule oculaire sur la croissance de l'ovarie chez la crevette Leander serratus. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 217:533-555.

[29] Pasteur, C. 1958. Influence de l'ablation de l'organe X sur le comportment chromatique de Leander serratus (Pennant). C.R. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. Paris 246:320-322.

[30] Payen, G.G. 1980-81. Aspects fondamentaux de l'endocrinologie de la reproduction chez les crustaces marins. Oceanis 6(3):309-339.

[31] Primavera, J.H. 1978. Induced maturation and spawning in five-month-old Penaeus monodon Fabricius by eyestalk ablation. Aquaculture 13:355-359.

[32] ______. 1979. Notes on the courtship and mating behavior in Penaeus monodon Fabricius (Decapoda, Natantia). Crustaceana 37:287-292.

[33] Primavera, J.H. 1985. Review of maturation and reproduction in close thelycum penaeids. In: Y. Takai; J.H. Primavera & J.A. Llobrera (Eds). International Conference on Culture of Penaeid Prawns and Shrimps. I. Proceedings Hoiolo, SAEFDEC Aquaculture Departament: 47-67.

[34] ______. 1988. Maturation, reproduction, and bloodstock tecnology. In: J.H. PRIMAVERA (Ed.). Biology and culture of Penaeus monodon. Tigbauan, Aquaculture Department of Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, 177p.

[35] Rao, K.J. 1991. Reproductive biology of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) from Lake Kolleru (Andrha Pradesh). Indian Jour. Anim. Sci. 61(7):780-787.

[36] Rao, K.R. 1985. Pigmentary Effectars, p. 395-462. In: D.E. Bliss; L.H. Mantel (Ed.). The Biology of Crustacea. Integument, pigments, and hormonal processes. New York, Academic Press, Vol. 9, XXIX+550p.

[37] Robison Jr., W.G. & J.S. Chariton. 1973. Microtubules, microfilaments and pigment granule movement in the cromatophores of Palaemonetes vulgaris (Crustacea). Jour. Exp. Zool. 186:279-304.

[38] Rosas, C; I. Fernandes; R. Brito & E. Diaz-Iglesia. 1993. The effect of eyestalk ablation on the pink shrimp, Penaeus notialis. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 104A(1):183-187.

[39] Ruppert, E.E. & R.D. Barnes. 1996. Zoologia dos invertebrados. São Paulo, Roca, 1029p.

[40] Sagi, A.; R. Shoukrun; T. Levy; A. Barki; G. Hulata & I. Karplus. 1997. Reproduction and moult in previously spawned and first-time spawning red-claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus females following eyestalk ablation during the winter reproductive-arrest period. Aquaculture 156: 101-111.

[41] Santiago JR., A.C. 1977. Successful spawning of cultured Penaeus monodon Fabricius after eyestalk ablation. Aquaculture 11:185-196.

[42] Scheer, B.T. & M.A.R. Scheer. 1954. The hormonal control of metabolism in crustaceans. VII. Moulting and color change in the prawn, Leander serratus. Pubbl. Stn. Zool. Napoli 37:397-418.

[43] Sears, M.A.; D. Rittschof & T. O'Brien. 1991. Eyestalk factor modulation of chemically stimulated feeding in sand fiddler crabs Uca pugilator (Bosc, 1802). Jour. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 152:1-13.

[44] Shibley, G.A. 1968. Eyestalk function in cromatophore control in a crab, Cancer magister. Phisiol. Zool. 41:268-279.

[45] Sipaúba-Tavares, L.H. 1994. Limnologia Aplicada à Aquicultura. Jaboticabal: FUNEP, 72p.

[46] Sokal, R.R. & F.J. Rohlf. 1979. Biometria. Principios y métodos estadísticos en la investigación biológica. Madri, H. Blume Ediciones, 832p.

[47] Steele, V.J.; B.H. Steele & B.R. MacPherson. 1977. The effect of photoperiod on the reproductive cycle of Gammarus setosus Dementieva, 1931. Crustaceana 4:58-63.

[48] Tan-Fermin, J.D. 1991. Effects of unilateral eyestalk ablation on ovarian histology and oocyte size frequency of wild and pond-reared Penaeus monodon (Fabricius) broodstock. Aquaculture 93:77-86.

[49] Valenti, W.C. 1985. Cultivo de Camarões de Água Doce. São Paulo, Ed. Nobel, 82p.

[50] Vijayakumaran, M. & E.V. Radhakrishnan. 1984. Effect of eyestalk ablation in the spiny lobster Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus): II. On food intake and conversion. Indian Jour. Fish 31(1):148-155.

[51] Willianson, H.C. 1904. Contribuitions to the life histories of the edible crab (Cancer pagurus) and of other Decapod Crustacea: Impregnation: Spawning: Casting: Distribution: Rate of growth. 22^ndRep. Fish. Board Scotland, 3, Sci. Invest.: 100-140.

Brasil

Brasil

Ablação ocular no camarão Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae): efeitos sobre a reprodução, pigmentação epidérmica e atividade alimentar

Eyestalk ablation in the prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae): effects on reproduction, epidermic pigmentation and feeding activity

Resumo

Datas de Publicação

Histórico