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This study on the biology and reproductive behavior of Sporophila lineola (Linnaeus, 1758) was carried in a Citrus reticulata Blanco plantation near Campinas, Brazil. A blind was used for observations near the four nests. These were built on the branches of C. reticulata, and were made of grass roots. The clutch varies from two to three eggs. Both male and female or only female, feed the nestings with insects such as dragonfly and caterpillar, carried across their bill.Resumo em Inglês:
This study is part of the cladistic analysis of the group of genera Paromenia Melichar. Revision and cladistic analysis of Parathona Melichar, 1926 are presented, with descriptions of the genus, of the four species and a key to their identifications.Resumo em Inglês:
Chortinus Aldrich, 1932 is a monobasic genus, with C. bequaerti Aldrich, 1832 as the only known described species, and was considered as a synonym of Cyrtoneurina Giglio-Tos, 1893 by Carvalho et al. (1993). Chortinus is herein revalidate, based on the examination of adults and original description. The male terminalia is herein described for the first time. A key to distinguish these two genera is also presented.Resumo em Inglês:
Redescription is made for Cyrtoneurina geminata (Stein, 1904), herein considered as a good species (not synonym of Cyrtoneurina gemina as stated in Carvalho et al. 1993). The type-scries of Paracyrtoneurina gluta (Giglio-Tos, 1893) (see Pamplona in press) is analysed and the male holotype and a female paratype are redescribed.Resumo em Inglês:
The spatial and temporal distribution and nychthemeral variation of fish larvae in six stations (Ivinhema, Patos, Paraná, Cortado, Baía and Guaraná) in the floodplain of the high Paraná river are provided. The paper also provides the relationship of this distribution to some environmental factors. From March 1992 to February 1993 ichthyoplanktonic samples were collected by conic cylindrical nets, with 0.5mm of mesh size and fluxometer attached, in 10-minute hauls at the surface and bottom during nychthemeral cycles. At the same time water samples were taken to determine environmental factors. During the above period 5,672 larvae were collected: 57,6% from Cortado station and 13,2% from Ivinhema and Paraná stations. The greatest densities were recorded between October and February, chiefly at night at the surface and by day at the bottom.Resumo em Inglês:
Mirnapis gen.n. is proposed to a Peruvian species of Eucerinae, with gradular tooth on each side of the sixth tergum, lanceolate hairs in the ventral face of the middle tibia, pygidial plate narrowed apically and the apex of the valvae genitalia of the male with peculiar shape.Resumo em Inglês:
In containers found in home surroundings Aedes fluviatilis, Anopheles albitarsis, Anopheles argyritarsis, Anopheles evansae, Anopheles strodei, Culex bahamensis, Culex bigoti, Culex coronator, Culex eduardoi, Culex mollis, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex sp., Limatus durhamii and Psorophora cingulata larvae were collected. The most densely colonized containers were water tanks, cement trough and tyres. Among the most frequent species a meaningful population variation to Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes fluviatilis, the firstl being more frequent during the spring and the second during the summer. Anopheles albitarsis, Anopheles evansae, Anopheles strodei, Culex bahamensis e Culex sp. were only collected in large- sizer cement containers. The other species did not show any particular preferences.Resumo em Inglês:
The genus Serridonus Linnavuori, 1959 is redescribed (type species: Serridonus longistylus Linnavuori, 1959) and three new species added: S. luridus sp.n., S. foersteri sp.n. and S. serratus sp.n., all from Brazil.Resumo em Inglês:
Spermatozoa of Natica marochienssish (Gmelin, 1791) is described by light and electron microscopy. The spermatozoon is of the primitive type with head contains a conical acrosomal complex with an acrosomal vesicle of dense matrix having a basis occupied by the subacrosomal space. The middle piece shows the centriolar complex surrounded by mitochondria and the tail contains the axoneme with a 9+2.Resumo em Inglês:
It is described the sperm ultraestructure differentiation during spermiogenesis of Tagelus plebeius (Lightfoot, 1786). The spermatozoon is an uniflagellated cell of the primitive type. The head region contains a rounded or conical nucleus surrounded by acrosome. The middle piece contains four mitochondria which are arranged around the axoneme. The flagellum contains the usual microtubular axoneme.Resumo em Inglês:
The larval development of Cyrtograpsus angulatus Dana, 1851 was studied in laboratory through eggs hatched from ovigerous females collected in mole of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Three experiments (A, B, C) were carried out involving 250 larvae, derived from three ovigerous females. The experiments A and B, were carried in a climatically box with temperature among 22 and 25ºC, and salinity among 32 and 34‰. The experiment C in a room without controlled temperature, in a constant salinity of 30‰. The larvae were maintained individually and food consisted of rotifers Brachionus plicatillis Müller, 1786 and microscope algae Tetraselmis sp. The development of C. angulatus Dana, 1851 comprises five stages of zoea and one megalope. The main morphological characters that allow the identification of the first stages of C. angulatus, are analyzed with respect to the other Brazilian species of the family Grapsidae.Resumo em Inglês:
Taperinha marinonii sp.n., from Paraná, Brazil, is described and ilustrated.Resumo em Inglês:
The following new seed beetles are described and illustrated: Amblycerus virescens sp.n., A. viridans sp.n., A. viridis sp.n., A. megalobus sp.n., A. atrogaster sp.n., A. chapadicola sp.n., A. mourei sp.n. and A. danunciae sp.n.. These species are recorded from Brazil and one of them also recorded from Bolivia.Resumo em Inglês:
Jomine, new genus and the new species J. una from South Brazil and J. tagoauna from Rondonia, Brazil, are described.Resumo em Inglês:
The tribe Acutalini Fowler is redescribed as well as the genera Acutalis Fairmaire, Euritea Stål, and Thrasymedes Kirkaldy. The following new taxa and nomenclatural changes are presented: Thrasymedes mexicana sp.n. (from Mexico, Oaxaca); Bordonia gen.n., with B. venezuelana sp.n. (type-species) (from Venezuela, Portachuelo), B. clypeata sp.n. (from Colombia, Cuesta Boba), B. majuscula sp.n. (from Venezuela, Portachuelo), and Cornutalis gen.n., with C. cauca sp.n. (type-species) (from Colombia, Cauca), and C. validu sp.n. (from Ecuador, Sto. Domingo). Acutalis fusconervosa Fairmaire, 1846 = Horiola venosa Walker, 1858, syn.n.; Euritea munda (Walker, 1858) = Stictolobus nitidus Funkhouser, 1940, syn.n.; Bordonia nigricosta (Goding, 1926), comb.n.; Bordonia virescens (Funkhouser, 1940), comb.n.. One species is transferred to Smiliinae-Ceresini: Tapinolobus curvispina (Walker, 1858), comb.n. (formerly in Thrasymedes) = Tapinolobus fasciatus Sakakibara, 1969, syn.n.; another one is transferred to Darninae-Cymbomorphini: Eumela darnioides (Walker, 1858), comb.n. (formerly in Euritea).Resumo em Inglês:
The morphological stages of the Kalliapseudes schubarti Mañe-Garzon, 1949 females were easily determinated and they were similar, but the male stages show distint forms probably due to the ambient stimuli. The description of the male stages demonstrate that K. gianucai (Bacescu, 1979) is another male stage of K. schubarti, probably a secondary copulatory stage. The morphology and development of the ovary is related both with the maturity and with the morphological modifications of females stages.Resumo em Inglês:
Phaonia boliviana sp.n., Phaonia equatorialis sp.n., Phaonia punoensis sp.n., Phaonia quercus sp.n. and Phaonia soratiensis sp.n. from Neotropical Region are described and illustrated.Resumo em Inglês:
Observations of the developmental biology of Loxosceles gaucho Gertsch, 1967, the brown spider of southeastern Brazil are scarce. The present study reports the method of individualized rearing of 18 populations of L. gaucho, kept in laboratory under varied diet conditions, and characterizes their nympho-imaginal period as well as factors related to their reproduction. Females built the first egg sac about 20 days after copulation and nymphs hatched 40 days after the laying date. Average offspring was 61.3 spiderlings and females usually built three to four successive egg sacs in a period of five to seven months. First nymphs initiated their predatory activity between the 5th and 8th days after hatching and the majority reached adulthood within six moults (range of five to eight) in approximately 15 to 17 months (male) and 15.5 to 18 months (female). The average sex ratio equaled 1.0:1.7 (male:female). The wide individual variability of this species intermoult intervals is herewith expressed by the "intermoult rate", which was fairly uniform for both intra and interpopulations and gives a relevant aspect for a general idea of the life cycles of spiders.Resumo em Inglês:
From October 1994 to November 1995 the behaviour, postures and diurnal activity of tive captive squirrels Sciurus ingrami were observed and registered. Four basics postures, five grooming behaviours, displacements and face wiping behaviour were identified. Based on behavioural observations, the diurnal activity was divided into four categories: resting, displacement, teeding and maintenance. The time spent in each category varied seasonally and the squirrels spent more time resting during winter and spring. However, more time was spent feeding during autum and summer and was reduced the displacement in autum. Two types of breeding behaviour were identified: sexual trailing and mating chase of females by males. However copulatori behaviour was not recorded during the studied period. We also verified that S. ingrami presents thermorregulation behaviour during winter, remaining resting in the nest to conserve energy in heath maintenance. During the hottest seasons, the squirrels remain resting out of the nest, placed on the branchs to decrease their body heat to normal temperature, The behaviours observed in this study were similar to those described in the literature, as well as the mating behaviour, which was very similar to S. carolinensis.Resumo em Inglês:
Five species of Brontaea Kowarz (=Gymnodia Robineau-Desvoidy, preocc.) occur in the New World. B. humilis (Zetterstedt) has been introduced from Europe and is known from a few localities in eastern and Pacific coast Canada and USA. B. normata (Bigot) is an endemic Neotropical species. The other species, B. debilis (Williston), B. quadristigma (Thomson) (=cilifera Malloch, syn.nov.) and B. delecta (Wulp) (=arcuata Stein) occur throughout warm and temperate areas of the Americas. They are common filth flies, and are frequently collected in faeces-baited traps. Brontaea is probably a polyphyletic genus. The species discussed here appear to be correctly placed in the subfamily Mydaeinae. An identification key. descriptions, illustrations and geographic distribution are given for all five species.Resumo em Inglês:
Eight geographical areas, considered as representative of the different natural environments still existing in the state of Paraná, in Southern Brazil, were selected for the collection of insects. This data is part of the "Survey of the Entomological Fauna in Paraná State" (henceforth profaupar). These areas were continually sampled using a Malaise trap (Townes' 1972 model) throughout a single year (52 weeks) from August, 1986, until July 1987. The Coleoptera obtained has been sorted at family level and analyzed. The highest family variety and abundance were observed at Jundiaí do Sul and Ponta Grossa, and the greatest eveness at Jundiaí do Sul and Telêmaco Borba. A study ou phytophagous/non phytophagous families relations made possible a first approach about the vegetation condition in the sites. The following methods were used to analyse the data: Ecological Indices (Alpha Diversity) and Clustering and Ordination Analysis (Beta Diversity).