Chemical characteristics, degradation kinetics and gas production of arboreal species for ruminants

Oliveira, Leandro Pereira de; Magalhães, André Luiz Rodrigues; Teodoro, Ana Lúcia; Andrade, Albericio Pereira de; Santos, Kelly Cristina dos; Araújo, Gherman Garcia Leal de

doi:10.5935/1806-6690.20200047

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Ciência Agronômica

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Scientific Article • Rev. Ciênc. Agron. 51 (3) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20200047 copy

Chemical characteristics, degradation kinetics and gas production of arboreal species for ruminants¹ 1 Pesquisa financiada pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e Banco do Nordeste do Brasil (BNB)

Características químicas, cinética de degradação e produção de gases de espécies arbóreas para ruminantes

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The breeding systems of the small ruminants are extensive in the great majority, in which the animals are created in areas of native pasture named Caatinga, being necessary the knowledge on the chemical composition and its characteristics of feed degradation is crucial to increase nutrient use efficiency. Thereat, the objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition, the minerals, the carbohydrates and nitrogenous compounds fractionation, the degradability, in vitro dry matter digestibility and the in vitro gas production of arboreal species, those are consumed by goats and sheeps. The species evaluated were Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus (Muell. Arg.) Pax. et K. Hoffman, Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poiret, Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All., Poincianella bracteosa (Tul.) L. P. Queiroz, Spondias tuberosa Arr. Cam. and Ziziphus joazeiro Mart. It was found that Mimosa tenuiflora has a higher crude protein quantity (174.9 g.kg^-1 DM). Spondias tuberosa and Myracrodruon urundeuva had the highest values for total carbohydrates compared to the other species analyzed. As for the fractionation of nitrogenous compounds, the highest proportion of fraction A was found for Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus (375.5 g.kg^-1 CP). Among the species studied, Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus is highlighted with the highest ruminal degradation (61.63%) and dry matter digestibility (627.1 g.kg^-1 DM), reflecting higher gas production (206.02 mL.g^-1 DM). Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus, Poincianella bracteosa and Myracrodruon urundeuva showed a greater availability of nutrients in the rumen which is fundamental to increase the amount of ruminal microbial protein which reaches the small intestine for use by the animal.

Key words:
Goats; Native pasture; Semi-arid; Sheep

Species	Variable
Species	DM¹ 1 g.kg-1 NM; ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	Ash² 2 g.kg-1 DM; ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	OM² 2 g.kg-1 DM; ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	EE² 2 g.kg-1 DM; ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).
Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus	270.1 ± 15.4 c	64.3 ± 9.4 ab	935.7 ± 9.4 ab	40.7 ± 5.6 b
Mimosa tenuiflora	499.6 ± 19.9 ab	55.0 ± 8.6 b	945.0 ± 8.6 a	79.9 ± 5.5 a
Myracrodruon urundeuva	455.2 ± 7.3 b	45.5 ± 1.4 b	954.5 ± 1.4 a	30.5 ± 6.9 bc
Poincianella bracteosa	528.5 ± 2.8 a	45.4 ± 2.8 b	954.6 ± 2.8 a	32.3 ± 6.1 bc
Spondias tuberosa	297.9 ± 2.4 c	54.0 ± 2.8 b	946.0 ± 2.8 a	19.0 ± 7.4 cd
Ziziphus joazeiro	484.0 ± 20.4 ab	83.7 ± 10.2 a	916.3 ± 10.2 b	10.4 ± 2.6 d
SEM	21.95	3.38	3.38	4.52
	NDF² 2 g.kg-1 DM; ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	NDF_ap² 2 g.kg-1 DM; ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	ADF² 2 g.kg-1 DM; ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	CEL² 2 g.kg-1 DM; ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).
Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus	461.7 ± 42.9 b	448.0 ± 35.5 bc	355.8 ± 29.6 b	227.3 ± 18.7 b
Mimosa tenuiflora	485.0 ± 69.1 b	424.6 ± 19.0 bcd	231.2 ± 7.4 c	117.0 ± 4.1 d
Myracrodruon urundeuva	393.5 ± 10.1 c	361.3 ± 6.6 d	283.9 ± 11.6 c	186.4 ± 11.5 bc
Poincianella bracteosa	446.6 ± 19.9b c	408.5 ± 15.1 cd	393.0 ± 12.8 ab	307.5 ± 18.3 a
Spondias tuberosa	571.9 ± 19.4 a	520.8 ± 20.0 a	416.7 ±12.0 a	210.9 ± 13.9 bc
Ziziphus joazeiro	552.9 ± 9.9 a	485.9 ± 7.3 a	284.6 ± 17.4 c	175.8 ± 14.1 c
SEM	14.36	12.37	14.44	12.51
	LDA² 2 g.kg-1 DM; ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	NDIP³ 3 g.kg-1 CP ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	ADIP³ 3 g.kg-1 CP ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	NFC² 2 g.kg-1 DM; ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).
Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus	128.5 ± 18.2 b	190.9 ± 34.5 c	153.2 ± 24.1 d	303.9 ± 20.7 cd
Mimosa tenuiflora	114.2 ± 5.0 bc	836.7 ± 95.8 a	402.2 ± 32.8 b	265.7 ± 17.2 d
Myracrodruon urundeuva	97.5 ± 6.6 bc	773.9 ± 51.6 a	397.5 ± 50.7 b	451.7 ± 7.1 a
Poincianella bracteosa	85.5 ± 6.0 c	391.2 ± 23.5 b	263.6 ± 17.9 cd	368.9 ± 12.9 b
Spondias tuberosa	205.8 ± 10.7 a	812.1 ± 29.3 a	581.3 ± 56.2 a	314.3 ± 5.5 c
Ziziphus joazeiro	108.8 ± 14.0 bc	685.4 ± 43.1 a	366.9 ± 20.9 bc	269.3 ± 5.6 d
SEM	8.98	53.05	30.47	14.16

Species	Variable
Species	P¹ 1 g.kg-1 MS;	K¹ 1 g.kg-1 MS; ns	Ca¹ 1 g.kg-1 MS; ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	Mg¹ 1 g.kg-1 MS; ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).
Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus	1.26 ± 0.1 ab	6.20 ± 0.5	15.57 ± 2.2 ab	2.92 ± 0.4 a
Mimosa tenuiflora	1.35 ± 0.09 a	5.70 ± 0.08	2.35 ± 0.4 c	0.07 ± 0.02 c
Myracrodruon urundeuva	0.95 ± 0.1b c	5.62 ± 0.1	11.42 ± 0.9 b	3.15 ± 0.2 a
Poincianella bracteosa	1.51 ± 0.04 a	5.70 ± 0.9	15.04 ± 0.9 ab	1.58 ± 0.9 ab
Spondias tuberosa	0.83 ± 0.1 c	7.30 ± 0.6	14.81 ± 0.4 ab	1.94 ± 0.2 a
Ziziphus joazeiro	1.27 ± 0.03 ab	7.80 ± 0.5	22.18 ± 4.4 a	2.800.3 a
SEM	0.05	0.25	1.38	0.26
	S¹ 1 g.kg-1 MS; ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	B² 2 mg.kg-1 MS ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	Cu² 2 mg.kg-1 MS ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	Fe² 2 mg.kg-1 MS ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).
Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus	0.64 ± 0.1b c	139.50 ± 0.4 c	9.76 ± 0.9 ab	142.05 ± 9.3 a
Mimosa tenuiflora	0.12 ± 0.01 c	133.00 ± 0.4 c	2.09 ± 0.3 c	47.14 ± 17.8 c
Myracrodruon urundeuva	0.40 ± 0.09b c	145.00 ± 0.4 a	9.76 ± 0.5 ab	78.50 ± 2.4 bc
Poincianella bracteosa	1.01 ± 0.1 b	141.75 ± 0.7 b	11.50 ± 0.9 a	107.16 ± 8.7 ab
Spondias tuberosa	0.40 ± 0.08 bc	137.50 ± 0.8 c	8.40 ± 0.9 b	137.39 ± 10.9 a
Ziziphus joazeiro	2.22 ± 0.4 a	139.25 ± 0.3 c	12.17 ± 0.5 a	105.95 ± 13.4 ab
SEM	0.15	0.78	0.72	7.61
	Mn² 2 mg.kg-1 MS ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	Zn³^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	-	-
Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus	118.14 ± 5.5 a	21.96 ± 4.7 bc	-	-
Mimosa tenuiflora	16.69 ± 2.2 c	17.03 ± 0.6 c	-	-
Myracrodruon urundeuva	26.66 ± 2.0 c	16.26 ± 0.3 c	-	-
Poincianella bracteosa	27.25 ± 2.8 bc	26.26 ± 0.7 b	-	-
Spondias tuberosa	52.40 ± 12.4 bc	19.78 ± 1.0 bc	-	-
Ziziphus joazeiro	71.54 ± 22.2 b	34.94 ± 1.5 a	-	-
SEM	7.83	1.45	-	-

Species	Fractions
Species	TC¹ 1 g.kg-1 DM; ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	A+B1² 2 g.kg-1 TC. Standard error median (SEM) ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	B2² 2 g.kg-1 TC. Standard error median (SEM) ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	C² 2 g.kg-1 TC. Standard error median (SEM) ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).
Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus	751.8 ± 16.3 c	405.1 ± 35.6 c	166.9 ± 15.6 a	428.0 ± 49.3 bc
Mimosa tenuiflora	690.2 ± 12.1 d	384.8 ± 24.0 bc	72.4 ± 22.9 b	542.8 ± 37.4 a
Myracrodruon urundeuva	813.0 ± 12.1 ab	555.6 ± 4.9 a	149.5 ± 13.0 a	294.9 ± 8.3 d
Poincianella bracteosa	777.3 ± 8.7 bc	474.6 ± 17.5 b	132.6 ± 10.0 a	392.8 ± 17.8 c
Spondias tuberosa	835.1 ± 18.9 a	376.6 ± 9.7 c	68.7 ± 17.0 b	554.7 ± 22.8 a
Ziziphus joazeiro	755.2 ± 4.8 c	356.6 ± 8.1 c	153.4 ± 39.2 a	490.0 ± 43.1 ab
SEM	10.02	15.75	8.94	20.60

Species	Fractions
Species	CP¹ 1 g.kg-1 DM; ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	A² 2 g.kg-1 CP. Standard error median (SEM) ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	B1+B2² 2 g.kg-1 CP. Standard error median (SEM) ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	B3² 2 g.kg-1 CP. Standard error median (SEM) ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).	C² 2 g.kg-1 CP. Standard error median (SEM) ^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability).
Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus	143.2 ± 11.3 b	375.5 ± 38.6 a	433.6 ± 28.3 a	37.7 ± 12.5 d	153.2 ± 24.1 d
Mimosa tenuiflora	174.9 ± 2.2 a	29.0 ± 1.4 c	134.3 ± 96.9 b	434.5 ± 63.0 a	402.2 ± 32.8 b
Myracrodruon urundeuva	111.1 ± 6.5c	14.3 ± 6.6c	211.8 ± 53.8b	376.4 ± 87.3ab	397.5 ± 50.7b
Poincianella bracteosa	145.0 ± 6.6 b	127.3 ± 27.4 b	481.5 ± 33.3 a	127.6 ± 20.8 cd	263.6 ± 17.9 cd
Spondias tuberosa	91.7 ± 9.7 c	34.4 ± 5.7 c	153.5 ± 28.2 b	230.8 ± 73.4 bcd	581.3 ± 56.2 a
Ziziphus joazeiro	150.6 ± 7.2 ab	110.0 ± 28.7 b	204.6 ± 23.0 b	318.5 ± 41.8 abc	366.9 ± 20.9 bc
SEM	6.05	27.26	31.48	30.93	30.47

Species	Parameters
Species	a (%)	b (%)	c (h)	ED (%) (0.02. h^-1)	ED (%) (0.05. h^-1)	ED (%) (0.08. h^-1)	PD (%)	IVDMD^ 0.01 and *0.05 of probability). - Unvalued. Standard error median (SEM) (g.kg^-1 DM)
Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus	25.87	35.76	0.08	54.72	48.24	44.13	61.63	627.1 a
Mimosa tenuiflora	9.67	17.44	0.23	25.71	23.99	22.60	27.12	340.5 d
Myracrodruon urundeuva	19.31	40.05	0.04	46.50	37.66	33.16	59.36	520.3 b
Poincianella bracteosa	22.46	38.09	0.05	49.16	40.89	36.53	60.55	516.0 b
Spondias tuberosa	20.19	18.98	0.07	35.12	31.50	29.30	39.17	411.2 cd
Ziziphus joazeiro	15.80	32.91	0.04	37.61	30.28	26.64	48.71	453.4 bc
SEM	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	19.9

Species	Parameters
Species	V_t1**	V_t2	V_f1	k₁	V_f2	k₂	λ
Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus	203.0 ± 4.5 a	206.02	93.25	0.0216	112.77	0.0916	1.2764
Mimosa tenuiflora	148.9 ± 5.2 b	136.77	96.15	0.0220	40.62	0.0955	0.9597
Myracrodruon urundeuva	162.6 ± 2.6 ab	175.19	54.07	0.0866	121.12	0.0219	2.3282
Poincianella bracteosa	197.9 ± 1.6 a	199.04	163.33	0.0308	35.71	0.1305	2.3206
Spondias tuberosa	140.0 ± 4.0 b	151.00	114.62	0.0223	36.38	0.1081	1.8599
Ziziphus joazeiro	148.2 ± 4.6 b	148.3	20.76	0.1455	127.54	0.0293	2.6269
SEM	6.36	-	-	-	-	-	-

Universidade Federal do Ceará Av. Mister Hull, 2977 - Bloco 487, Campus do Pici, 60356-000 - Fortaleza - CE - Brasil, Tel.: (55 85) 3366-9702 / 3366-9732, Fax: (55 85) 3366-9417 - Fortaleza - CE - Brazil
E-mail: ccarev@ufc.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] *Author for correspondence

Brasil

Brasil

Chemical characteristics, degradation kinetics and gas production of arboreal species for ruminants1 1 Pesquisa financiada pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e Banco do Nordeste do Brasil (BNB)

Características químicas, cinética de degradação e produção de gases de espécies arbóreas para ruminantes

ABSTRACT

Chemical characteristics, degradation kinetics and gas production of arboreal species for ruminants¹ 1 Pesquisa financiada pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e Banco do Nordeste do Brasil (BNB)