CRYOPRESERVATION OF SEEDS OF THE BRAZILIAN NATIVE SPECIES AROEIRA-DO-SERTÃO (<i>Astronium urundeuva</i> M. Allemão Engl.)<sup>1</sup>

PAULA, JEAN CARLO BAUDRAZ DE; GUARIZ, HUGO ROLDI; RIBEIRO JÚNIOR, WALTER APARECIDO; SHIMIZU, GABRIEL DANILO; FARIA, RICARDO TADEU DE; OLIVEIRA, HALLEY CAIXETA DE

doi:10.1590/1983-21252022v35n419rc

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Agronomy • Rev. Caatinga 35 (4) • Oct-Dec 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n419rc copy

CRYOPRESERVATION OF SEEDS OF THE BRAZILIAN NATIVE SPECIES AROEIRA-DO-SERTÃO (Astronium urundeuva M. Allemão Engl.)¹

CRIOPRESERVAÇÃO DE SEMENTES DA ESPÉCIE NATIVA DO BRASIL AROEIRA-DO-SERTÃO (Astronium urundeuva M. Allemão Engl.)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Aroeira-do-sertão is a Brazilian native species that has been widely explored. Thus, the population of this species has been reduced and techniques for its preservation are essential, such as the conservation of seeds in liquid nitrogen (LN). The objective of this work was to evaluate different cryoprotectant solutions for cryopreservation of aroeira-do-sertão seeds in LN (-196 °C). The treatments used were: control (7.5±1.5 °C); LN without cryoprotectant; sucrose 0.4 mol L^-1; sucrose 0.8 mol L^-1; glycerol 1 mol L^-1; glycerol 2 mol L^-1; PVS₁ (plant vitrification solution); PVS₂; PVS₂ + 1% phloroglucinol; and PVS₃. The seeds remained frozen for 120 days. The seeds were evaluated for germination and water content before cryopreservation. Several germination parameters were evaluated on the seventh day and plant growth variables were evaluated after 150 days. The seeds presented 9.2% water content and 74% germination before cryopreservation. The germination in the control treatment was 55%, whereas it varied from 61% to 69% under cryopreservation, denoting the positive effect of cryopreservation, even without cryoprotectants (69%). The seeds presented a triphasic water absorption model; the LN accelerated the germination, which started within 56 hours, whereas the germination in the control treatment started after 66 hours. The plant parts presented satisfactory development after 150 days, as shown by the Dickson quality index. The use of cryoprotectants did not affect seed germination and initial growth of seedlings. Aroeira-do-sertão seeds with 9.2% water content can be cryopreserved in LN without cryoprotectants.

Keywords
Seeds conservation; Liquid nitrogen; Tree species.

Treatment	FGC (%)	GP (%)	AS (%)	GSI	MTG (days)	SL (cm)	SDW (g)
Control^{^* * Control = without cryopreservation, maintained at 10±2 °C.}	3.0 a^{^ Means followed by the same letter in the columns are not different from each other by the Tukey's test (p ≤ 0.05).}	55.0 b	4.0 a	2.99 b	4.77 a	2.92 ab	0.104 b
Without cryoprotectant	8.0 a	69.0 a	4.0 a	4.25 a	4.15 a	3.88 a	0.129 a
Sucrose at 0.4 mol L^-1	3.0 a	64.0 ab	4.0 a	2.97 b	4.74 a	2.77 b	0.116 ab
Sucrose at 0.8 mol L^-1	5.0 a	64.0 ab	3.0 a	3.18 b	4.76 a	2.83 ab	0.114 ab
Glycerol at 1 mol L^-1	4.0 a	61.0 ab	3.0 a	3.21 ab	4.50 a	2.90 ab	0.117 ab
Glycerol at 2 mol L^-1	4.0 a	61.0 ab	3.0 a	3.01 b	4.89 a	2.95 ab	0.118 ab
PVS₁^* ***** PVS1 = 19% glycerol (v v-1), 13% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 6% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sorbitol 0.5 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS2 = 30% glycerol (v v-1), 15% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 15% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sucrose 0.4 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS3 = 50% glycerol (v v-1) and 50% sucrose (v v-1) diluted in distilled water.	7.0 a	66.0 ab	3.0 a	3.40 ab	4.36 a	2.95 ab	0.115 ab
PVS₂^* ***** PVS1 = 19% glycerol (v v-1), 13% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 6% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sorbitol 0.5 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS2 = 30% glycerol (v v-1), 15% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 15% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sucrose 0.4 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS3 = 50% glycerol (v v-1) and 50% sucrose (v v-1) diluted in distilled water.	7.0 a	65.0 ab	4.0 a	3.29 ab	4.48 a	3.12 ab	0.117 ab
PVS₂ + 1% F^{^* * PVS1 = 19% glycerol (v v-1), 13% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 6% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sorbitol 0.5 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS2 = 30% glycerol (v v-1), 15% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 15% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sucrose 0.4 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS3 = 50% glycerol (v v-1) and 50% sucrose (v v-1) diluted in distilled water.}	7.0 a	65.0 ab	3.0 a	3.23 b	4.35 a	2.97 ab	0.116 ab
PVS₃^* ***** PVS1 = 19% glycerol (v v-1), 13% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 6% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sorbitol 0.5 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS2 = 30% glycerol (v v-1), 15% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 15% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sucrose 0.4 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS3 = 50% glycerol (v v-1) and 50% sucrose (v v-1) diluted in distilled water.	6.0 a	62.0 ab	3.0 a	3.47 ab	4.46 a	3.15 ab	0.120 ab
Coefficient of variation (%)	68.39	7.26	61.79	13.13	7.93	13.64	5.56

Treatment	RL (cm)	SL (cm)	RDW (g)	SDW (g)	SDW/RDW	DQI
Control^{^* * Control = without cryopreservation, maintained at 10±2 °C.}	11.2 a	11.8 a ^ Means followed by the same letter in the columns are not different from each other by the Tukey's test (p ≤ 0.05).	0.018 a	0.071 a	3.95 a	3.96 a
Without cryoprotectant	11.4 a	12.2 a	0.019 a	0.073 a	4.07 a	4.08 a
Sucrose at 0.4 mol L^-1	10.7 a	11.3 a	0.017 a	0.074 a	4.20 a	4.21 a
Sucrose at 0.8 mol L^-1	11.2 a	10.9 a	0.017 a	0.073 a	4.08 a	4.09 a
Glycerol at 1 mol L^-1	11.2 a	10.7 a	0.015 a	0.075 a	4.24 a	4.20 a
Glycerol at 2 mol L^-1	10.5 a	10.8 a	0.017 a	0.073 a	3.83 a	3.84 a
PVS1^* ***** PVS1 = 19% glycerol (v v-1), 13% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 6% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sorbitol 0.5 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS2 = 30% glycerol (v v-1), 15% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 15% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sucrose 0.4 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS3 = 50% glycerol (v v-1) and 50% sucrose (v v-1) diluted in distilled water.	10.7 a	10.8 a	0.016 a	0.069 a	4.10 a	4.11 a
PVS2^* ***** PVS1 = 19% glycerol (v v-1), 13% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 6% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sorbitol 0.5 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS2 = 30% glycerol (v v-1), 15% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 15% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sucrose 0.4 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS3 = 50% glycerol (v v-1) and 50% sucrose (v v-1) diluted in distilled water.	10.6 a	11.0 a	0.017 a	0.073 a	3.98 a	3.99 a
PVS₂ + 1% F^{^* * PVS1 = 19% glycerol (v v-1), 13% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 6% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sorbitol 0.5 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS2 = 30% glycerol (v v-1), 15% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 15% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sucrose 0.4 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS3 = 50% glycerol (v v-1) and 50% sucrose (v v-1) diluted in distilled water.}	10.9 a	11.2 a	0.018 a	0.075 a	4.24 a	4.21 a
PVS3^* ***** PVS1 = 19% glycerol (v v-1), 13% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 6% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sorbitol 0.5 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS2 = 30% glycerol (v v-1), 15% ethylene glycol (v v-1), 15% dimethyl sulfoxide (v v-1), and sucrose 0.4 mol L-1, diluted in a MS medium; PVS3 = 50% glycerol (v v-1) and 50% sucrose (v v-1) diluted in distilled water.	11.2 a	11.1 a	0.017 a	0.069 a	4.31 a	4.32 a
Coefficient of variation (%)	9.43	11.87	11.21	10.35	12.06	13.15

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T1	Without cryoprotectant solution or immersion in liquid nitrogen
T2	Without cryoprotectant
T3	Sucrose 0.4 mol L^-1
T4	Sucrose 0.8 mol L^-1
T5	Glycerol 1.0 mol L^-1
T6	Glycerol 2.0 mol L^-1
T7	Plant vitrification solution (PVS1)
T8	Plant vitrification solution (PVS2)
T9	Plant vitrification solution (PVS2) + 1% phloroglucinol
T10	Plant vitrification solution (PVS3)

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CRYOPRESERVATION OF SEEDS OF THE BRAZILIAN NATIVE SPECIES AROEIRA-DO-SERTÃO (Astronium urundeuva M. Allemão Engl.)1

CRIOPRESERVAÇÃO DE SEMENTES DA ESPÉCIE NATIVA DO BRASIL AROEIRA-DO-SERTÃO (Astronium urundeuva M. Allemão Engl.)

ABSTRACT

CRYOPRESERVATION OF SEEDS OF THE BRAZILIAN NATIVE SPECIES AROEIRA-DO-SERTÃO (Astronium urundeuva M. Allemão Engl.)¹