Morphophysiological responses of bean cultivars in competition with <i>Conyza bonariensis</i>

Figure 1
Relative productivity (RP) for plant height of the cultivars BRS Esteio (A), IPR Urutau (B), IAC 1850 (C), and IPR Tangará (D). Bean cultivar (●), Conyza bonariensis (▲), and total relative productivity (TRP) of the community (■), as a function of the proportion of associated plants (beans: C. bonariensis). Dashed lines represent the expected values in the absence of competition, solid lines represent the values observed when the species competed in different plant proportions, and colored bands represent the standard deviation of the observations.

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Figure 2
Relative productivity (RP) for stem diameter of the the cultivars BRS Esteio (A), IPR Urutau (B), IAC 1850 (C), and IPR Tangará (D). Bean cultivar (●), Conyza bonariensis (▲), and total relative productivity (TRP) of the community (■), as a function of the proportion of associated plants (beans: C. bonariensis). Dashed lines represent the expected values in the absence of competition, solid lines represent the values observed when the species competed in different plant proportions, and colored bands represent the standard deviation of the observations.

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Figure 3
Relative productivity (RP) for the leaf area of the cultivars BRS Esteio (A), IPR Urutau (B), IAC 1850 (C), and IPR Tangará (D). Bean cultivar (●), Conyza bonariensis (▲), and total relative productivity (TRP) of the community (■), as a function of the proportion of associated plants (beans: C. bonariensis). Dashed lines represent the expected values in the absence of competition, solid lines represent the values observed when the species competed in different plant proportions, and colored bands represent the standard deviation of the observations.

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Figure 4
Relative productivity (RP) for shoot dry matter of the cultivars BRS Esteio (A), IPR Urutau (B), IAC 1850 (C), and IPR Tangará (D). Bean cultivar (●), Conyza bonariensis (▲), and total relative productivity (TRP) of the community (■), as a function of the proportion of associated plants (beans: C. bonariensis). Dashed lines represent the expected values in the absence of competition, solid lines represent the values observed when the species competed in different plant proportions, and colored bands represent the standard deviation of the observations.

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Figure 5
Relative productivity (RP) for photosynthetic rate of the cultivars BRS Esteio (A), IPR Urutau (B), IAC 1850 (C), and IPR Tangará (D). Bean cultivar (●), Conyza bonariensis (▲), and total relative productivity (TRP) of the community (■), as a function of the proportion of associated plants (beans: C. bonariensis). Dashed lines represent the expected values in the absence of competition, solid lines represent the values observed when the species competed in different plant proportions, and colored bands represent the standard deviation of the observations.

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Figure 6
Relative productivity (RP) for stomatal conductance of the cultivars BRS Esteio (A), IPR Urutau (B), IAC 1850 (C), and IPR Tangará (D). Bean cultivar (●), Conyza bonariensis (▲), and total relative productivity (TRP) of the community (■), as a function of the proportion of associated plants (beans: C. bonariensis). Dashed lines represent the expected values in the absence of competition, solid lines represent the values observed when the species competed in different plant proportions, and colored bands represent the standard deviation of the observations.

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Figure 8
Relative productivity (RP) for water use efficiency of the cultivars BRS Esteio (A), IPR Urutau (B), IAC 1850 (C), and IPR Tangará (D). Bean cultivar (●), Conyza bonariensis (▲), and total relative productivity (TRP) of the community (■), as a function of the proportion of associated plants (beans: C. bonariensis). Dashed lines represent the expected values in the absence of competition, solid lines represent the values observed when the species competed in different plant proportions, and colored bands represent the standard deviation of the observations.

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Figure 7
Relative productivity (RP) for the internal CO₂ concentration of the cultivars BRS Esteio (A), IPR Urutau (B), IAC 1850 (C), and IPR Tangará (D). Bean cultivar (●), Conyza bonariensis (▲), and total relative productivity (TRP) of the community (■), as a function of the proportion of associated plants (beans: C. bonariensis). Dashed lines represent the expected values in the absence of competition, solid lines represent the values observed when the species competed in different plant proportions, and colored bands represent the standard deviation of the observations.

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Table 1
Plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), leaf area (LA) and shoot dry matter (DM) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars and hairy fleabane (Conyza bonariensis) grown in experiments in series of substitution.

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Table 2
Coefficients of relative competitiveness (RC), relative clustering (K) and aggressiveness (AG) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars and hairy fleabane (Conyza bonariensis), in the same proportion (50:50), in relation to morphological traits, in experiments in series of substitution.

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Table 3
Photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (g_S), transpiration rate (E), internal CO₂ concentration (Ci), and water use efficiency (WUE) of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars (BRS Esteio, IPR Urutau, IAC 1850 and IPR Tangará) and hairy fleabane (Conyza bonariensis) grown in series of substitution experiments.

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Table 4
Coefficients of relative competitiveness (RC), relative clustering (K) and aggressiveness (AG) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars and hairy fleabane (Conyza bonariensis), in the same proportion (50:50), in relation to physiological characteristics, in a series of substitution experiments.

Plants proportion (bean: fleabane)	PH (cm plant^-1)				LA (cm^-2 pot^-1)
Plants proportion (bean: fleabane)	BRS Esteio	Fleabane	BRS Esteio	fleabane	BRS Esteio	fleabane	BRS Esteio	fleabane
100:0/0:100 (C)	118.92	139.38	14.66	21.63	28968.40	12025.08	45.10	31.25
75:25/25:75	118.38	99.80^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	19.16^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	15.57^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	23295.97	5926.08^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	50.97	7.72^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).
50:50/50:50	145.98^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	88.42^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	21.12^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	11.56^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	26536.58	3497.81^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	42.88	3.58^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).
25:75/75:25	142.95^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	65.78^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	20.47^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	11.04^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	21705.30	1971.29^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	32.52^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	2.35^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).
C.V (%)	5.40	7.30	13.80	15.70	23.60	9.10	18.90	17.70
	IPR Urutau	fleabane	IPR Urutau	fleabane	IPR Urutau	fleabane	IPR Urutau	fleabane
100:0/0:100 (C)	166.85	144.55	17.44	20.24	37890.20	12299.67	82.92	31.99
75:25/25:75	182.12^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	97.03^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	17.50	13.57^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	31742.95^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	4376.06^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	85.23	5.23^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).
50:50/50:50	161.40	96.78^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	20.50^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	7.30^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	36372.70^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	3053.72^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	79.79	1.67^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).
25:75/75:25	171.70	64.97^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	22.48^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	6.72^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	13383.18^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	1573.46^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	44.82^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	0.87^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).
C.V (%)	3.70	7.20	9.40	17.50	1.70	14.40	11.50	18.20
	IAC 1850	fleabane	IAC 1850	fleabane	IAC 1850	fleabane	IAC 1850	fleabane
100:0/0:100 (C)	159.40	146.78	17.30	18.83	49428.29	12574.26	75.86	36.93
75:25/25:75	161.02	84.92^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	19.56	11.21^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	29727.47^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	3592.30^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	53.10^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	3.13^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).
50:50/50:50	159.50	56.70^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	19.97	7.72^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	31176.03^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	3839.89^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	61.42^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	2.20^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).
25:75/75:25	157.50	65.80^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	24.75^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	7.94^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	23138.90^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	1940.91^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	48.83^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	1.59^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).
C.V (%)	4.70	5.60	13.00	17.6	12.70	12.10	12.10	7.30
	IPR Tangará	fleabane	IPR Tangará	fleabane	IPR Tangará	fleabane	IPR Tangará	fleabane
100:0/0:100 (C)	179.43	144.55	22.37	20.24	35452.24	12299.67	73.46	31.99
75:25/25:75	168.93	78.17^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	23.45	10.91^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	25028.64^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	3719.11^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	62.65	2.97^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).
50:50/50:50	174.07	99.58^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	23.88	13.56^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	18048.32^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	3763.19^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	49.63^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	3.77^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).
25:75/75:25	184.62	82.58^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	20.26	11.60^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	22744.79^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	2761.24^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	48.03^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).	3.49^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test ( p ≤ 0.05).
C.V (%)	4.10	4.20	13.90	17.20	2.20	9.40	14.80	17.70

Plants proportion bean: fleabane or fleabane: bean	A (µmol m^-2 s^-1)
Plants proportion bean: fleabane or fleabane: bean	Esteio	fleabane	Esteio	fleabane	Esteio	fleabane	Esteio	fleabane	Esteio	fleabane
100:0	11.59	16.29	1.20	0.42	2.83	3.89	387.00	260.33	4.13	4.20
75:25	11.86	15.41	1.24	0.36	3.23^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	3.58	393.32	276.00^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	3.67	4.31
50:50	11.61	11.12^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	1.02	0.39	3.33^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	3.52	378.25	324.25^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	3.49^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	3.16^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).
25:75	15.79^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	9.58^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	0.92^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	0.37	3.27^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	3.27^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	403.25^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	352.67^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	4.83^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	2.96^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).
C.V (%)	8.00	5.60	14.70	18.30	5.50	8.20	20.00	2.80	9.60	9.90
	Urutau	fleabane	Urutau	fleabane	Urutau	fleabane	Urutau	fleabane	Urutau	fleabane
100:0	16.99	18.15	0.72	0.38	3.81	3.85	322.50	251.04	4.22	4.71
75:25	16.56	18.22	0.67	0.26^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	4.00^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	3.52	324.00	326.44^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	4.08	5.26
50:50	18.43^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	4.01^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	0.55^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	0.26^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	3.86	3.64	295.50^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	344.33^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	4.78	1.10^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).
25:75	21.20^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	2.42^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	0.55^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	0.16^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	3.80	2.66^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	273.00^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	339.78^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	5.57^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	0.89^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).
C.V (%)	2.80	5.20	7.20	23.60	3.10	14.90	2.60	2.00	9.00	16.10
	IAC	fleabane	IAC	fleabane	IAC	fleabane	IAC	fleabane	IAC	fleabane
100:0	8.06	19.75	0.77	0.35	3.12	3.83	405.67	241.75	2.90	4.71
75:25	10.92^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	8.54^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	0.80	0.32	3.17	3.62	389.50^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	353.44^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	4.50^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	4.61
50:50	12.00^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	3.38^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	0.79	0.30	3.20	3.54	363.33^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	363.70^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	4.22^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	3.81^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).
25:75	11.34^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	6.40^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	0.86^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	0.30	3.34^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	3.47	384.33^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	340.00^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	3.92^* * Mean differs from the control (C) by Dunnett's test (p ≤ 0.05).	4.48
C.V (%)	7.00	10.90	6.10	15.30	2.30	7.90	2.30	10.90	5.50	10.90
	IPR	fleabane	IPR	fleabane	IPR	fleabane	IPR	fleabane	IPR	fleabane
C.V (%)	4.80	4.40	5.20	17.90	2.40	9.40	2.00	1.90	5.50	10.90

	RC²	Kx³ (feijão) Ky (buva)		AG⁴
		Photosynthetic rate (A, µmol m^-2 s^-1)
BRS Esteio x C. bonariensis	1.47 ± 0.06^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	1.01 ± 0.07^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.52 ± 0.02	0.16 ± 0.02^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.
IPR Urutau x C. bonariensis	4.95 ± 0.25^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	1.19 ± 0.03^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.12 ± 0.01	0.43 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.
IAC 1850 x C. bonariensis	9.38 ± 1.69^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	3.00 ± 0.32^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.09 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.66 ± 0.03^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.
IPR Tangará x C. bonariensis	2.07 ± 0.04^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	3.03 ± 0.13^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.57 ± 0.02	0.39 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.
		Stomatal conductance (g_S, mol m^-2 s^-1)
BRS Esteio x C. bonariensis	0.92 ± 0.05	0.74 ± 0.02	0.87 ± 0.06	-0.04 ± 0.02
IPR Urutau x C. bonariensis	1.16 ± 0.11	0.62 ± 0.03	0.54 ± 0.10	0.04 ± 0.03
IAC 1850 x C. bonariensis	1.20 ± 0.09	1.07± 0.07^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.77 ± 0.07	0.08 ± 0.031
IPR Tangará x C. bonariensis	1.44 ± 0.16	0.98 ± 0.06^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.56 ± 0.09	0.14 ± 0.05
		Transpiration rate (E, m	ol m^-2 s^-1)
BRS Esteio x C. bonariensis	1.30 ± 0.03^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	1.43 ± 0.02^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.83 ± 0.02	1.14± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.
IPR Urutau x C. bonariensis	1.08 ± 0.06	1.02 ± 0.03	0.92 ± 0.11	0.03 ± 0.03
IAC 1850 x C. bonariensis	1.11 ± 0.04	1.05 ± 0.04^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.87 ± 0.04	0.05 ± 0.02
IPR Tangará x C. bonariensis	1.15 ± 0.06	1.06 ± 0.02^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.83 ± 0.07	0.06 ± 0.02
		Internal CO₂ concentration (Ci,	µmol m^-2 s^-1)
BRS Esteio x C. bonariensis	0.79 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.96 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	1.65 ± 0.05	-0.13 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.
IPR Urutau x C. bonariensis	0.67 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.85 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	2.18 ± 0.04	-0.23 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.
IAC 1850 x C. bonariensis	0.60± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.81 ± 0.02^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	3.06± 0.18	-0.30 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.
IPR Tangará x C. bonariensis	0.86 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.84 ± 0.02^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	1.13± 0.02	-0.07 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.
		Water use efficiency (WU	E, mol mol ^-1)
BRS Esteio x C. bonariensis	1.13 ± 0.06	0.74 ± 0.05	0.61 ± 0.03	0.05 ± 0.02
IPR Urutau x C. bonariensis	4.87 ± 0.16^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	1.31 ± 0.02^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.13 ± 0.01	0.45 ± 0.00^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.
IAC 1850 x C. bonariensis	1.81 ± 0.10^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	2.71 ± 0.16^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.68 ± 0.04	0.32 ± 0.03^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.
IPR Tangará x C. bonariensis	1.81 ± 0.10^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	2.71 ± 0.16^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.	0.68 ± 0.04	0.32 ± 0.02^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and competitor C. bonariensis, respectively.

[1] * Corresponding author: carolinemulleram@gmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

Morphophysiological responses of bean cultivars in competition with Conyza bonariensis

Respostas morfofisiológicas de cultivares de feijão em competição com Conyza bonariensis

ABSTRACT

Variáveis	RC²	Kx³ (feijão) Ky (buva)		AG⁴
		Plant height (PH, cm plant^-1)
BRS Esteio x C. bonariensis	1.94 ± 0.06^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	1.59 ± 0.04^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.47 ± 0.02	0.30 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.
IPR Urutau x C. bonariensis	1.45 ± 0.04^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.94 ± 0.00^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.50 ± 0.02	0.15 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.
IAC 1850 x C. bonariensis	2.59 ± 0.07^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	1.00 ± 0.02^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.24 ± 0.01	0.31 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.
IPR Tangará x C. bonariensis	1.41 ± 0.05^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.94 ± 0.03^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.53 ± 0.02	0.14 ± 0.02^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.
		Stem diameter (SD, mm	plant^-1)
BRS Esteio x C. bonariensis	2.72 ± 0.21^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	2.67 ± 0.30^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.37 ± 0.02	0.45 ± 0.04^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.
IPR Urutau x C. bonariensis	3.40 ± 0.39^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	1.45 ± 0.15^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.22 ± 0.03	0.41 ± 0.02^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.
IAC 1850 x C. bonariensis	3.05 ± 0.63^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	1.42 ± 0.21^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.26 ± 0.05	0.37 ± 0.06^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.
IPR Tangará x C. bonariensis	1.61 ± 0.08^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	1.16 ± 0.12^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.51 ± 0.07^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.20 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.
		Leaf area (LA, cm^-2	pot^-1)
BRS Esteio x C. bonariensis	3.17 ± 0.29^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.87 ± 0.11^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.17 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.31 ± 0.04^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.
IPR Urutau x C. bonariensis	4.12 ± 0.60^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.92 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.14 ± 0.02	0.36 ± 0.02^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.
IAC 1850 x C. bonariensis	2.08 ± 0.09^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.46 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.18 ± 0.01	0.16 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.
IPR Tangará x C. bonariensis	1.68 ± 0.11^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.34 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.18 ± 0.01	0.10 ± 0.01^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.
		Shoot dry matter (DM,	g pot^-1)
BRS Esteio x C. bonariensis	8.36 ± 0.78^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.94 ± 0.16^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.06 ± 0.00	0.42 ± 0.04^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.
IPR Urutau x C. bonariensis	18.82 ± 1.53^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.94 ± 0.1^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.03 ± 0.00	0.46 ± 0.03^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.
IAC 1850 x C. bonariensis	13.60 ± 0.24^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.69 ± 0.05^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.03 ± 0.00	0.38 ± 0.02^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.
IPR Tangará x C. bonariensis	5.87 ± 0.80^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.52 ± 0.07^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.	0.06 ± 0.01	0.28 ± 0.03^* * Significant difference by the t test (p ≤ 0.05). Kx and Ky are the relative clustering coefficients of common bean cultivars and C. bonariensis competitors, respectively.