EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND LIGHT ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF <i>Swietenia macrophylla</i> King

CARVALHO, CLEVERSON AGUEIRO DE; SILVA, JOSUÉ BISPO DA; ALVES, CHARLINE ZARATIN; HALL, CLIMBIÊ FERREIRA; COTRIM, MAYARA FÁVERO; TEIXEIRA, ANIELE VERZOTTO

doi:10.1590/1983-21252020v33n316rc

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Forest Science • Rev. Caatinga 33 (3) • Jul-Sep 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n316rc copy

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND LIGHT ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF Swietenia macrophylla King

EFEITO DE TEMPERATURA E LUZ NA GERMINAÇÃO DE SEMENTES E CRESCIMENTO DE PLÂNTULAS DE Swietenia macrophylla King

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The significant economic potential of Swietenia macrophylla has caused immense reductions in the native populations, jeopardizing their survival. Restoring these populations requires the establishment of quality seedling production, which depends on adequate evaluation of the physiological state of seeds. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature and light on seed germination and seedling growth of S. macrophylla. The experimental design was completely randomized, with ten treatments of four replicates of 50 seeds. Treatments consisted of: constant temperatures of 23, 29, 35 and 41 °C, with photoperiods of 24 and 12 h of light, and alternating temperatures of 25-35 °C and 30-40 °C, with 12 h of light. Water content, germination, germination speed index, stem diameter, root length, shoot length, root dry mass and shoot dry mass of seedlings were evaluated. At 41 oC, S. macrophylla seeds failed to germinate. A constant temperature of 29 oC under 24 h of light favors the germination process of seeds and initial seedling growth.

Keywords:
Mahogany; Forest seeds; Photoperiod

Variation Source	Degrees of freedom	Mean squares
Variation Source	Degrees of freedom	G	GSI	MGT	SD	RL	SL	RDW	SDW
Treatments	9	6100.62^ significant values by the F test (P ≤ 0.01).	0.62^ significant values by the F test (P ≤ 0.01).	156.02^ significant values by the F test (P ≤ 0.01).	3.99^ significant values by the F test (P ≤ 0.01).	39.45^ significant values by the F test (P ≤ 0.01).	154.09^ significant values by the F test (P ≤ 0.01).	12.46^ significant values by the F test (P ≤ 0.01).	8.67^ significant values by the F test (P ≤ 0.01).
Residuum	30	16.80	0.002	2.59	0.003	0.17	0.37	0.04	0.007
Temperature/ Light
23 ºC/24 h light		93a ¹ 1 Means followed by the same letter, in the column, do not differ by the Scott Knott Test (5%).	2.1e	46b	2.6b	7.3c	13.1d	3.8c	3.4b
29 ºC/24 h light		96a	3.5c	29c	2.8a	7.3c	15.2b	4.8b	4.1a
35 ºC/24 h light		94a	4.3a	22e	2.1e	7.0c	11.0e	3.5d	3.3c
23 ºC/12 h light - 12 h dark		88b	1.8e	49a	2.3d	7.7b	13.0d	5.1a	3.3c
29 ºC/12 h light - 12 h dark		98a	3.8b	27d	2.4c	7.8b	15.8b	4.1c	3.5b
35 ºC/12 h light - 12 h dark		80c	3.1d	31c	2.1e	8.7a	11.4e	3.4d	3.2c
25 ºC/12 h dark - 35 ºC/12 h light		97a	3.9b	25d	2.2e	6.3d	17.8a	3.3d	3.4b
30 ºC/12 h dark - 40 ºC/12 h light		88b	3.5c	26d	2.0f	5.5e	14.1c	3.1e	3.3c
Coefficient of Variation (%)		5.58	7.84	5.04	3.35	7.20	5.47	7.05	3.19

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