The sentinel lymph node is the first in line to receive lymphatic flow from a primary site in breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to review the most recently results in the literature with this technique. This is a comprehensive review in surgical, nuclear medicine, and pathological aspects of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer. Several reports have demonstrated the accurate prediction of axillary nodal status with sentinel lymph node technique. However, a wide range of different methods and materials has been employed for lymphatic mapping. The association of vital blue and the probe seems to be the most reliable. Also, there is no consensus on the pathologic method for sentinel lymph node examination at the time of surgery. Sentinel node biopsy can offer a safe alternative to routine axillary lymph node dissection for staging patients with breast cancer. The remaining controversial issues must be resolved before sentinel lymph node biopsy becomes a widely accepted part of breast cancer care.
Breast cancer; Sentinel lymph node; Axillary metastasis
