Analysis of a hearing loss identification and intervention program in the first years of life in primary care

Oliveira, Maria Taiany Duarte de; Alvarenga, Kátia de Freitas; Amorim, Alice Andrade Lopes; Jacob, Lilian Cassia Bornia; Araújo, Eliene Silva

doi:10.1590/1982-0216/20232518522

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ORIGINAL ARTICLES • Rev. CEFAC 25 (1) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0216/20232518522 copy

Analysis of a hearing loss identification and intervention program in the first years of life in primary care

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Purpose:

to analyze the implementation and effectiveness of a hearing loss identification and intervention program in the first years of life in primary care.

Methods:

an experimental study carried out in two Basic Health Units. Twenty-three Community Health Workers participated, trained through an online self-instructional course from the Ministry of Health. Subsequently, they followed the hearing and language of children from zero to two years old, referring them, if necessary, to audiological evaluation. For the analysis of pre and post online course knowledge, the Wilcoxon test was applied, and to compare the performance between the participants of the two Basic Health Units, the Mann Whitney test was used, adopting p<0.05. Additionally, the qualitative perception of participating community workers, the referrals, and the result of the audiological evaluation were analyzed.

Results:

the online course was effective in improving the knowledge of the participants. A total of 102 children were monitored, 15 of them were referred for evaluation. From these, four underwent hearing screening and 11 underwent a complete hearing assessment, a case of conductive hearing loss being identified.

Conclusion:

the implementation of a program for the identification and intervention of hearing loss, in the first years of life, in primary care, permeated by community health workers, is feasible.

Keywords:
Hearing Loss; Community Health Workers; Inservice Training; Primary Health Care

	BHU 1 n (%)	BHU 2 n (%)
Gender
F	8 (72.2)	11 (91.7)
M	3 (27.3)	1 (8.3)
Age in years	Between 32 and 54	Between 31 and 59
Average	42.0	46.4
Schooling
High school	7 (63.6)	7 (58.3)
Higher education	4 (36.4)	5 (41.7)

Domains	Moment	Average	SD	Median	Minimum	Maximum	p
1. Conceptualization	Pre-training	40.28	18.65	32.32	16.66	83.30	0.000*
1. Conceptualization	Post-training	73.66	16.02	66.64	33.32	100.00	0.000*
2. Prevention	Pre-training	51.32	26.97	50.00	00.00	100.00	0.002*
2. Prevention	Post-training	86.84	15.29	100.00	50.00	100.00	0.002*
3. Identification	Pre-training	52.61	20.97	49.98	16.66	83.30	0.006*
3. Identification	Post-training	72.78	12.68	66.64	49.98	100.00	0.006*
4. General Aspects	Pre-training	80.26	17.83	75.00	50.00	100.00	0.058
4. General Aspects	Post-training	88.16	15.29	100.00	50.00	100.00	0.058
Total score	Pre-training	54.21	12.94	55.00	30.00	80.00	0.000*
Total score	Post-training	79.74	08.41	80.00	65.00	90.00	0.000*

Domains	Moment	BHU 1			BHU 2			p
Domains	Moment	Median	Pct. 25	Pct. 75	Median	Pct. 25	Pct. 75	p
1. Conceptualization	Pre-training	33.32	23.54	37.04	49.98	37.76	70.27	0.004*
1. Conceptualization	Post-training	83.30	68.63	88.90	66.64	53.75	79.53	0.103
2. Prevention	Pre-training	25.00	21.24	56.03	75.00	53.97	83.53	0.009*
2. Prevention	Post-training	100.00	82.44	99.38	75.00	66.47	96.03	0.207
3. Identification	Pre-training	49.98	35.75	61.18	66.64	38.61	78.01	0.207
3. Identification	Post-training	83.30	69.69	84.80	66.64	56.11	77.17	0.088
4. General Aspects	Pre-training	100.00	77.09	100.00	75.00	59.07	78.43	0.012*
4. General Aspects	Post-training	100.00	88.66	100.00	75.00	64.73	91.52	0.014*
Total score	Pre-training	45.00	41.46	56.72	60.00	51.07	71.43	0.035*
Total score	Post-training	85.00	80.17	88.01	72.50	67.14	80.36	0.009*

AGE	GENDER	RIHL	NHS
16 days	F	-	N
17 days	F	-	N
29 days	M	ICU; ECMO; ototoxic	N
30 days	M	-	N
38 days	M	-	N
51 days	F	-	N
53 days	F	-	N
53 days	M	ICU; ototoxic;	N
19 months	F	-	N
20 months	F	Congenital Syphilis, Hyperb; Ototoxic	Bilateral Pass
24 months	M	-	N
26 months	M	-	Bilateral Pass
36 months	M	-	Bilateral Pass
60 months	M	Ototoxic	Bilateral Pass
60 months	M	Heredity	N

ABRAMO Associação Brasileira de Motricidade Orofacial Rua Uruguaiana, 516, Cep 13026-001 Campinas SP Brasil, Tel.: +55 19 3254-0342 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revistacefac@cefac.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Eliene Silva Araújo, Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Cordeiro de Faria (sem número) - Petrópolis, CEP: 59012-570 - Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, E-mail: eliene.araujo@ufrn.br