Factors associated with urinary tract infection in a Nursing Home

this is a cross-sectional, analytical, quantitative study with 116 elderly people from a Nursing Home. Urinary tract infection diagnosis was carried out through urine culture and clinical assessment. Demographic data and associated factors were obtained from medical records. Statistical analysis included bivariate analysis and logistic regression models.

Results:

the factors associated with urinary tract infection (p<0.05) were being female; wheelchair user; diaper use; diuretic use; urinary and bowel incontinence; type 1 diabetes; benign prostatic hyperplasia; dehydration.

Conclusion:

this study revealed that it is important to consider non-modifiable factors such as sex and clinical comorbidities; however, dehydration, a modifiable factor, increased the chances of developing urinary tract infections by 40 times among institutionalized elderly and demands greater attention from the health team.

Descriptors:; Aged; Urinary Tract Infections; Nursing Homes; Risk Factors; Health Services for the Aged

Variables	Urinary Tract Infection				p value^* * Fisher's exact test;	Odds Ratio^ Odds Ratio = Odds ratio with values only for variables with statistical significance p value <0.05;	Confidence Interval - CI (95%)
	No (n=77)		Yes (n=39)
	n	(%)	n	(%)
Sociodemographic characteristics
Age group (years)
60 to 65	8	(62)	5	(38)
66 to 70	9	(69)	4	(31)
71 to 75	16	(67)	8	(33)	0.987	-		-
76 to 80	10	(62)	6	(38)
>80	34	(68)	16	(32)
Sex
Male	29	(71)	12	(29)	0.540	-		-
Female	48	(64)	27	(36)	0.330
Education (years of study)
0	40	(67)	20	(33)
1 to 3	20	(67)	11	(33)	0.944	-		-
4 to 7	14	(80)	5	(20)
>7 years	3	(50)	3	(50)
Situational characteristics
Wheelchair user
No	30	(57)	23	(43)	0.040	1.54	[0.20	- 0.97]
Yes	47	(75)	16	(25)
Continuous diaper use
No	47	(75)	16	(25)	0.041	2.25	[1.03	- 4.94]
Yes	30	(57)	23	(43)
Personal hygiene
No	57	(66)	29	(34)	1.000	-	-	-
Yes	20	(67)	10	(33)
Continuous diuretic use
No	63	(72)	24	(28)	0.023	2.81	[1.18	- 6.69]
Yes	14	(48)	15	(52)
Polipharmacy
No	9	(64)	5	(36)	1.000		-	-
Yes	68	(67)	34	(33)
Clinical characteristics
Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH)^* ***** Calculated only for elderly males.
No	28	(78)	8	(22)	0.02	13.0	[1.8	- 293.0]
Yes	1	(20)	4	(80)
Dehydration
No	71	(89)	9	(11)	< 0.001	40.1	[12.9	- 120.61]
Yes	6	(17)	30	(83)
Urinary incontinence
No	49	(75)	16	(25)	0.031	2.7	[1.14	- 5.54]
Yes	28	(55)	23	(45)
Bowel incontinence
No	71	(72)	27	(28)	0.002	5.3	[1.79	- 15.42]
Yes	6	(33)	12	(67)
Type 1 diabetes
No	75	(69)	33	(31)	0.019	7.02	[1.31	- 35.57]
Yes	2	(25)	6	(75)
Type 2 diabetes
No	65	(65)	35	(35)	0.573	-	-	-
Yes	12	(75)	4	(25)
Cognitive impairment
No	14	(67)	7	(33)	1.000	-	-	-
Yes	63	(66)	32	(34)

Variables	p value^* * Fisher's exact test;	Odds Ratio^ Odds Ratio = Odds ratio with values only for variables with statistical significance p value <0.05.	Confidence Interval - CI (95%)
Female sex	0.015	2.00	[0.99 - 4.06]
Wheelchair user	0.909	-	-
Continuous diaper use	0.039	2.20	[1.5 - 4.80]
Continuous diuretic use	0.03	2.90	[1.20 - 6.55]
Dehydration	<0.001	40.0	[12.8 - 120.1]
Urinary incontinence	0.030	2.80	[1.10 - 5.6]
Bowel incontinence	0.002	5.30	[1.78 - 15.4]
Type 1diabetes	0.021	7.00	[1.30 - 34.0]

Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem SGA Norte Quadra 603 Conj. "B" - Av. L2 Norte 70830-102 Brasília, DF, Brasil, Tel.: (55 61) 3226-0653, Fax: (55 61) 3225-4473 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: reben@abennacional.org.br

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[1] Corresponding author: João Luis Almeida da Silva E-mail: jlasilva@uesc.br