Construction validation of an instrument for nursing care related to cutaneous xerosis

Cruz, Ronny Anderson de Oliveira; Filgueiras, Thaynara Ferreira; Pereira, Maria Auxiliadora; Agra, Glenda; Oliveira, Jacira dos Santos; Costa, Marta Miriam Lopes

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0777

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 73 (suppl 3) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0777 copy

Construction validation of an instrument for nursing care related to cutaneous xerosis

Validación de constructo de un instrumento para los cuidados de enfermería relacionados a la xerosis cutánea

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

Describe the construct validation process of the instrument “Nursing care for the assessment, prevention and treatment of cutaneous xerosis in the elderly”.

Method:

Methodological study carried out with 101 nurses in four hospitals in the great João Pessoa, between July and September 2018. Construct validation was performed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, in addition to the consistency check by Cronbach’s alpha.

Results:

Through the factorial analysis, three factors of the instrument construct were defined: treatment performed for cutaneous xerosis, preventive care for cutaneous xerosis and skin evaluation, with a total explanation variance of 47.77%. In Bartlett’s sphericity test, p <0.001 was obtained, and the general Cronbach’s alpha was 0.811.

Conclusion:

The instrument proved to be valid and reliable, contributing to the training and practice of nurses as an integral part in the process of caring for the elderly.

Descriptors:
Nursing; Validation Studies; Skin aging; Nursing care; Health of the Elderly

Item	CVC
1. It is important to consider the age group.	0.913
2. I evaluate the skin color.	0.979
3. I evaluate the turgor and the elasticity of the skin.	0.813
4. I observe the patient's temperature.	0.846
5. I don't consider excess moisture.	0.813
6. I look for cracks.	0.813
7. I notice skin lesions.	0.916
8. I observe the presence of flaking.	0.946
9. I notice the presence of itching.	0.896
10. I keep an eye out for cold exposure.	0.913
11. I use imported equipment that assesses skin hydration.	0.810
12. To choose the type of moisturizer I do not consider skin evaluation.	0.814
13. I use products based on essential fatty acids.	0.996
14. I use 10% or 20% urea creams.	0.996
15. I use barrier cream.	0.846
16. Use any moisturizer that is available.	0.929
17. I apply formulations based on aloe vera.	0.846
18. I use medium chain triglyceride formulations.	0.829
19. I apply mineral oil.	0.946
20. Inspect skin conditions daily.	0.946
21. Record the findings about the patient's skin.	0.946
22. Identify patients at risk for skin lesions due to dryness.	0.841
23. Hydrate the skin with the right products.	0.996
24. Be aware of maceration areas.	0.841
25. Be aware of areas of hyperemia.	0.916
26. Carefully evaluate the lower limbs, especially the interdigital spaces.	0.996
27. Provide body hygiene whenever necessary.	0.913
28. Provide intimate hygiene whenever necessary.	0.946
29. Remove residues adhered to the skin from fixatives.	0.813
30. Discuss with the nursing team the need to increase oral or parenteral hydration.	0.907
31. Guide family members about signs of the patient's skin dryness.	0.996
32. Guide the nursing team in relation to water temperature.	0.946
33. Guide the nursing team regarding the use of the appropriate soap.	0.946
34. Guidance for self-care.	0.979

Item	MAA
1. It is important to consider the age group.	0.341
2. I evaluate the skin color.	0.402
3. I evaluate the turgor and the elasticity of the skin.	0.517
4. I observe the patient's temperature.	0.307
5. I don't consider excess moisture.	0.545
6. I look for cracks.	0.451
7. I notice skin lesions.	0.380
8. I observe the presence of flaking.	0.517
9. I notice the presence of itching.	0.517
10. Stay tuned for cold exposure.	0.511
11. I use imported equipment that assesses skin hydration.	0.450
12. To choose the type of moisturizer, I do not consider skin evaluation.	0.304
13. I use products based on essential fatty acids.	0.387
14. I use 10% or 20% urea creams.	0.750
15. I use barrier cream.	0.576
16. Use any moisturizer that is available.	0.398
17. I apply formulations based on aloe vera.	0.692
18. I use medium chain triglyceride formulations.	0.763
19. I apply mineral oil.	0.633
20. Inspect skin conditions daily.	0.589
21. Record the findings about the patient's skin.	0.491
22. Identify patients at risk for skin lesions due to dryness.	0.527
23. Hydrate the skin with the right products.	0.683
24. Be aware of maceration areas.	0.534
25. Be aware of areas of hyperemia.	0.633
26. Carefully evaluate the lower limbs, especially the interdigital spaces.	0.667
27. Provide body hygiene whenever necessary.	0.659
28. Provide intimate hygiene whenever necessary.	0.589
29. Remove residues adhered to the skin from fixatives.	0.588
30. Discuss with the nursing team the need to increase oral or parenteral hydration.	0.695
31. Guide family members about signs of the patient's skin dryness.	0.474
32. Guide the nursing team in relation to water temperature.	0.620
33. Guide the nursing team regarding the use of the appropriate soap.	0.593
34. Guide for self-care.	0.657

Items	F1	F2	F3
30. Discuss with the nursing team the need to increase oral or parenteral hydration.	0.832
27. Guide the nursing team in relation to water temperature.	0.808
28. Guide the nursing team regarding the use of the appropriate soap.	0.686
29. Remove residues adhered to the skin from fixatives.	0.631
28. Provide intimate hygiene whenever necessary.	0.554
18. I use medium chain triglyceride formulations.	0.527
14. I use 10% or 20% urea creams.	0.524
17. I apply formulations based on aloe vera.	0.443
19. I apply mineral oil.	0.404
27. Provide body hygiene whenever necessary.	0.308
22. Identify patients at risk for skin lesions due to dryness.		0.852
20. Inspect skin conditions daily.		0.679
24. Be aware of maceration areas.		0.665
23. Hydrate the skin with the right products		0.624
26. Carefully evaluate the lower limbs, especially the interdigital spaces..		0.554
25. Be aware of areas of hyperemia.		0.545
15. I use barrier cream.		0.345
9. I notice the presence of itching.			0.742
8. I observe the presence of flaking.			0.632
3. I evaluate the turgor and the elasticity of the skin.			0.446
10. Stay tuned for cold exposure.			0.426
5. I don't consider excess moisture^* * Item 5 is a negative statement, and the score achieved depicts exactly the opposite. .			-0.367
34. Guide for self-care.			0.296
Self-values	5.42	3.02	2.08
Variance explained by factor	25.57%	13.16%	9.04%
Variance Explained Total	47.77%
Cronbach's alpha	0.83	0.81	0.61

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[1] Corresponding author: Ronny Anderson de Oliveira Cruz. E-mail: ronnyufpb@gmail.com