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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 76 (Suppl 1) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0472 copiar

Validación de una cartilla para promover la salud de las personas con diabetes frente al COVID-19

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivos:

validar el contenido y apariencia de una cartilla para promover la salud de las personas con diabetes mellitus frente al COVID-19.

Métodos:

estudio metodológico, realizado en ambiente virtual con especialistas que tenían experiencia práctica y científica en diabetes mellitus, de noviembre de 2021 a febrero de 2022. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el Índice de Validez de Contenido.

Resultados:

participaron del estudio 27 especialistas de diferentes estados de Brasil y con diferentes formaciones académicas. En la validación de contenido se sugirieron revisiones en ítems en relación a los objetivos y estructura, en la validación de apariencia se sugirieron ajustes en el layout.

Conclusiones:

los resultados mostraron que la cartilla logró índices adecuados de validación de contenido y apariencia. Por lo tanto, al adaptarse a las sugerencias de los expertos, se convierte en una herramienta certera.

Descriptores:
Diabetes Mellitus; Infecciones por Coronavirus; Promoción de la Salud; Tecnología Educacional; Estudio de Validación

Variáveis	n	%
Sex
Female	25	93.0
Male	02	7.0
Age
24-36	16	59.3
37-52	11	40.7
State where they live
Paraíba	10	37.0
Ceará	09	33.0
São Paulo	03	11.0
Pernambuco	02	7.0
Rio Grande do Norte	01	4.0
Minas Gerais	01	4.0
Santa Catarina	01	4.0
Undergraduate course
Nursing	19	70.0
Nutrition	05	19.0
Physical therapy	01	4.0
Pharmacy	01	4.0
Graduation course completion time
0 to 10 years	12	44.4
>10 years	15	55.6
Master’s degree
Yes	21	78.0
No	06	22.0
Doctoral degree
Yes	10	37.0
No	17	63.0
Experience in caring for people with diabetes mellitus
Yes	25	93.0
No	02	7.0
Experience time
0 to 10 years	19	70.0
>10 years	08	30.0

Aspects	Items	I-CVR^* * Item Content Validity Reason; †Aspect Content Validity Ratio.	A-CVR ^†
Objectives	1. Includes proposed theme	0.556	0.407
	2. Adequate for the teaching-learning process	0.259
	3. Clarifies doubts about the topic addressed	0.111
	4. Provides reflection on the topic	0.556
	5. Encourages behavior change	0.556
Estrutura	6. Appropriate language for the target audience	0.333	0.430
	7. Appropriate language for educational material	0.481
	8. Interactive language, allowing active involvement in the educational process	0.333
	9. Correct information	0.037
	10. Objective information	0.407
	11. Clarifying information	0.333
	12. Necessary information	0.407
	13. Logical sequence of ideas	0.481
	14. Current topic	1.000
	15. Appropriate text size	0.481
Relevance	16. Encourages learning	0.852	0.778
	17. Contributes to knowledge in the area	0.852
	18. Arouses interest in the topic	0.630

Aspects	Items	I-CVR^* * Item Content Validity Reason; †Aspect Content Validity Ratio.	A-CVR ^†
Illustration	1. Are the illustrations necessary to understand the content?	0.926	0.719
	2. Do illustrations motivate manipulation of printed material?	0.926
	3. Do the illustrations elucidate the content?	0.481
	4. Is the number of illustrations adequate for the material content?	0.556
	5. Do the illustrations have lines and/or resolution adequate for the target audience?	0.704
Layout	6. Are the text formatting in terms of font (type) and letter size adequate?	0.111	0.556
	7. Is the visual composition attractive and organized?	0.556
	8. Is the choice of colors adequate?	0.704
	9. Is the page size adequate?	0.778
	10. Is the number of pages adequate?	0.630

Aspects	Experts’ suggestions
Objectives: booklet’s purposes, goals or purposes	Adequate to the teaching-learning process: focus on information that addresses the DM topic, relating it to information about COVID-19 in general; explain foreign terms.
Objectives: booklet’s purposes, goals or purposes	Clarifies doubts about the topic addressed: specify which foods are considered healthy and do not increase blood glucose level and which are considered unhealthy and harmful to blood glucose control; add strategies for performing physical exercises; include the general recommendation of the amount of water; add anguish, discouragement and sadness to the anxiety part; add how much social distancing should be.
Structure/presentation: organization, structure, strategy, coherence and sufficiency	Appropriate language for the target audience: opt for more explanatory and less scientific language.
	Interactive language, allowing active involvement in the educational process: summarize contents, including more images. Long texts make reading more tiring.
	Correct information: correct the figure on the cover in which the woman has her hand on top of a mask; when recommending hand hygiene, preference is given to liquid soap, regardless of whether it is neutral or not; correct the page that talks about masks, removing the valve from the N95 mask; correct the information that surgical masks protect against aerosols; correct the information on blood glucose, according to the current guideline of the Brazilian Society of Diabetes (2021-2022).
	Clarifying information: add a page talking about the correct way to put on and take off masks; reinforce the rational use of masks.
Layout	Text formatting in terms of font (type) and font size are adequate: standardize the font size, as on some pages it is too small, as in the second part of the title.

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