Social support among older adults understood through structural equation modeling

Apoyo social entre mujeres y hombres mayores entendido a través de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

to analyze factors associated, directly and indirectly, with lower social support of older adults, according to sex.

Methods:

a cross-sectional study, with 941 older adults from a health micro-region in Minas Gerais. Descriptive and trajectory analyzes were carried out (p<0.05).

Results:

in groups of women and men, direct and significant associations were observed between a smaller social network (p<0.001;p<0.001), single-person housing (p=0.046;p<0.001), greater number of depressive symptoms (p<0.001;p=0.010) and lower participation in advanced activities (p<0.001;p=0.005) with lower social support. In women, younger age was directly and significantly associated with outcome (p<0.001). In men, older age, mediated by lower participation in advanced activities, was indirectly associated with outcome.

Conclusions:

men and women showed less social support associated with social network, housing arrangement, depressive symptoms and participation in advanced activities. Understanding the context of social support among older adults makes it possible to establish more effective measures to improve care.

Descriptors:
Aged; Health of the Elderly; Gender and Health; Social Support; Models, Statistical