During a seven-month period, 936 cases of acute respiratory infection has been diagnosed among 4.625 doctor consultation (20,2%). The main risk factors for different types of infection, respiratory distress have been studied. The main cause of acute respiratory infection has been moderated. The present study has as objetive to relate the experience lived at Macaiba-RN (F.SESP) in relation as to the correct use of EUCALLIPTUS natural solution (prepared by nursing staff) in place of the conventionaly used drugs, that is, the chemist solution in inhalation of a child with IRA.