Factors associated with occupational stress among nursing professionals in health services of medium complexity

Novaes Neto, Eduardo Moreira; Xavier, Aline Silva Gomes; Araújo, Tânia Maria de

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0913

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 73 (Suppl 1) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0913 copy

Factors associated with occupational stress among nursing professionals in health services of medium complexity

Factores asociados al estrés laboral entre profesionales de enfermería en servicios de salud de mediana complejidad

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To analyze the factors associated with occupational stress among nursing workers in health services of medium complexity.

Methods:

Epidemiological, cross-sectional, exploratory study. A randomly selected sample of 126 nursing professionals from medium complexity services in three cities in the state of Bahia (Santo Antônio de Jesus, Feira de Santana and Itabuna) was investigated. Data were collected in 2011 and 2012. The demand-control model proposed by Karasek was used to assess occupational stress. Simultaneous analysis of occupational stressors was performed using Poisson regression with robust variance.

Results:

The prevalence of occupational stress among nursing professionals was 77%. Occupational stress was associated with the professional category of nursing technician (p=0.01).

Conclusion:

The data indicates a concerning situation of exposure to occupational stressors, which requires coping strategies in order to protect the health of the worker.

Descriptors:
Mental Health; Work-Related Stress; Team Nursing; Health Personnel; Occupational Health

Occupational Stress	n	%
Occupational Stress
Yes	97	77.0
No	29	23.0
Demand-Control Model
Low strain	29	23.0
Active work	33	26.2
Passive work	31	24.6
High strain	33	26.2

Socio-demographic characteristics (N)	Occupational Stress				p value
Socio-demographic characteristics (N)	Yes	%	No	%	p value
Gender (126)
Men	5	55.6	4	44.4
Women	92	78.6	25	21.4	0.113
Age (years) (126)
35 years old or less	51	78.5	14	21.5
More than 35 years old	46	75.4	15	24.6	0.684
Self-reported Skin Color (125)^* * Information lost due to lack of response (two workers in skin color and three in level of education).
Black and brown	80	78.4	22	21.6	0.363
White	16	69.6	7	30.4
Level of education (123)^* * Information lost due to lack of response (two workers in skin color and three in level of education).
Vocational Technical degree	43	81.1	10	18.9	0.037
Higher education degree	32	86.5	5	13.5	0.013
Master's degree	20	60.6	13	39.4
Civil status (126)
With a Partner	42	71.2	17	28.8
Without a partner	85	82.1	12	17.9	0.010
Children (126)
Yes	65	80.2	16	19.8	0.244
No	32	71.1	13	28.9

Occupational Characteristics (N)	Occupational Stress				p value
Occupational Characteristics (N)	Yes	%	No	%	p value
Professional Activity (126)					0.002
Nurse	21	58.3	15	41.7
Nursing technician	76	84.4	14	15.6
Employment Bond (125)^* * Information lost due to lack of response (two workers in employment bond, weekly work hours, income, other employment; and three workers in the work shift variable)					0.103
Permanent	29	69.0	13	31.0
Temporary	68	81.9	15	18.1
Labor Rights (126)					0.182
Yes	16	66.7	8	33.3
No	81	79.4	21	20.6
Time of Work (126)					0.622
Up to 10 years	65	78.3	18	21.7
More than 10 years	32	74.4	11	25.6
Weekly work hours (125)					0.674
40 hours or less	94	77.0	28	23.0
More than 40 hours	2	66.7	1	33.3
Work shift (123)					0.564
Day/Night	63	71.4	22	25.9
On-call	30	78.9	8	21.1
Income (125)					0.196
Up to two minimum wages	55	82.1	12	17.9
More than two minimum wages	42	72.4	16	27.6
Other Employment (125)					0.453
Yes	52	74.3	18	25.7
No	44	80.0	11	20.0
Job Satisfaction (N=126)					0.718
Yes	67	77.9	19	22.1
No	30	75.0	10	25.0
Occupational Violence (126)					0.344
Yes	72	75.0	24	25.0
No	25	83.3	5	16.7

Lifestyle Habits (N)	Occupational Stress				p value
Lifestyle Habits (N)	Yes	%	No	%	p value
Physical Activity (111)^* * Information lost due to lack of response (one worker in smoking, alcohol consumption; and 15 workers in physical activity).
No	58	81.7	13	18.3	0.157
Yes	28	70.0	12	30.0
Leisure Activity (126)
Yes	86	77.5	25	22.5
No	11	73.3	4	26.7	0.720
Smoking (125)^* * Information lost due to lack of response (one worker in smoking, alcohol consumption; and 15 workers in physical activity).
No	92	76.7	28	23.3
Yes	4	80.0	1	20.0	0.863
Alcohol Consumption (125)^* * Information lost due to lack of response (one worker in smoking, alcohol consumption; and 15 workers in physical activity).
No	63	78.8	17	21.2
Yes	33	73.3	12	26.7	0.491

Variable	PR	95%CI	p value
Professional Activity
Nurse	1.00	--	--
Nursing technician	1.43	1.067 - 1.914	0.017

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[1] Corresponding author: Aline Silva Gomes Xavier. E-mail: alinesgomes21@gmail.com