The non-adherence to the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is considered one of the most threatening risks for the effectiveness of the treatment of the person with HIV/AIDS on the individual plan and for the resistance-virus dissemination on the collective plan. The objective of this study was to analyze, through a literature review, the predicting factors of non-adherence to the HAART, as well as to assemble and relate them to the person in treatment, the disease, the treatment and the health and social support service. The literature points to the need for studies that evaluate social-cultural aspects, beliefs, quality of the service and the relationship of the patient with the multi-professional team, as well as others related to race and to the side effects of the antiretroviral agents. These studies aim at favoring the creation of strategies that im-prove the adherence of patients to the HAART, contributing at the same time for the development and the exercise of citizenship.
Treatment refusal; Antiretroviral agents; Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; Nurse-patient relations