Effect of transcutaneous abdominal electrical stimulation in people with constipation due to spinal cord injuries: a pilot study

Efecto de la electroestimulación abdominal transcutánea sobre el estreñimiento en personas con lesión de la médula espinal: estudio piloto

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To evaluate the effect of abdominal electrical stimulation (EE) on bowel movement frequency and feces consistency and expelled amount in people with constipation due to spinal cord injuries (SCI).

Method:

This is an experimental, crossover, randomized pilot study with two treatment groups: conventional intestinal rehabilitation and conventional rehabilitation associated with EE via 8- and 20-Hz Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) of the abdominal muscles. Both groups were followed for two weeks with daily 30-minute EE sessions. Participants were hospitalized in a rehabilitation institute in the municipality of São Paulo. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:

This study included 10 people with SCI, of which most were male (70%), with a mean age of 39 years (SD = 16.37). EE, associated with conventional treatment, was more effective in increasing defecation frequency (p = 0.029) and amount of feces expelled (p = 0.031).

Conclusion:

Abdominal EE, associated with conventional treatment, helped to increase defecation frequency and amount of feces expelled in people with constipation due to SCI. This pilot study will serve as the basis for a future clinical trial with greater sampling and statistical evidence.

DESCRIPTORS
Spinal Cord Injuries; Constipation; Electric Stimulation; Abdominal Muscles; Enterostomal Therapy; Rehabilitation.