Occupational injuries and psychological support in Chinese nurses: a cross-sectional study

Zhang, Wenyu; Yan, Zixuan; Zhang, Xueli; Pi, Hongying; Sai, Xiaoyong

doi:10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2020-0422

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 55 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2020-0422 copy

Occupational injuries and psychological support in Chinese nurses: a cross-sectional study

Lesiones laborales y apoyo psicológico en enfermeras chinas: un estudio transversal

Lesões ocupacionais e apoio psicológico em enfermeiras chinesas: um estudo transversal

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To assess the occupational injuries and psychological support received by nurses and to investigate the relationship between the two.

Method:

This was a nation-wide cross-sectional study of nurses working across 1858 hospitals in China. Data were collected using an online structured, self-administered questionnaire between 2016 and 2017.

Results:

Nearly half of respondents had experienced aggressive behavior from patients or their attendants; 13.4% respondents had experienced aggressive behavior on more than three occasions. 78.96% respondents had experienced needle-stick injuries and 51.22% had experienced psychological trauma. 20.5% respondents believed that hospitals do not pay any attention to occupational safety. 86.1% respondents expressed the need for little or moderate psychological support. Nurses who had experienced aggressive behavior expressed a greater need for psychological support. Nurses working at hospitals that adequately addressed the occupational safety issues expressed the lowest need for psychological support.

Conclusion:

We found a high prevalence of psychological stress and occupational injuries among nurses. Nursing managers need to address this issue and implement interventions to prevent and reduce injuries.

DESCRIPTORS
Nursing, Team; Occupational Injuries; Job Stress; Occupational Health

Variables	Frequency	Percentage
Did hospital attach importance to your safety protection?
Not at all	10549	20.5
A little	17988	35
Moderately	15951	31
Quite	4285	8.3
Extremely	2622	5.1
Did you need psychological support?
Not at all	0	0
A little	18143	35.3
Moderately	26125	50.8
Quite	30280	6.4
Extremely	3858	7.5
Did the hospital provide safety protection tools to you?
Yes	31826	61.9
No	19580	38.1
Did hospital attach importance to you?
Not at all	5035	9.8
A little	12207	23.7
Moderately	22441	43.7
Quite	10517	20.5
Extremely	1206	2.3
Do you attach importance to occupational protection at work?
Yes	43643	84.9
No	7763	15.1

Dependent variables	Independent variables	N	OR	95 CI%	p value
Psychological support: A little		51406	1.000
Psychological support: Moderately	Aggressive behavior from patients or their attendants				0.003
	Never	30250	1.000
	Once	10135	2.108	1.988–2.234	0.000
	Twice	4180	1.710	1.601–1.828	0.000
	≥Thrice	6841	1.504	1.385–1.633	0.000
	Did hospital attach importance to your safety?				0.000
	Not at all	10549	1.000
	A little	17988	1.137	1.017–1.270	0.024
	Moderately	15951	1.235	1.118–1.364	0.000
	Quite	4285	1.038	0.942–1.144	0.451
	Extremely	2622	0.769	0.686–0.862	0.000
	Did the hospital provide safety protection tools to you?				0.000
	Yes	31826	1.000
	No	19580	1.127	1.077–1.180	0.000
	Did hospital attach importance to you?				0.000
	Not at all	5035	1.000
	A little	12207	0.796	0.676–0.936	0.006
	Moderately	22441	1.283	1.105–1.489	0.001
	Quite	10517	1.022	0.886–1.180	0.763
	Extremely	1206	0.707	0.610–0.819	0.000
	Do you attach importance to occupational protection at work?				0.255
	Yes	43643	1.000
	No	7763	1.034	0.976–1.095	0.255
Psychological support: Quite	Aggressive behavior from patients or their family				0.000
	Never	30250	1.000
	Once	10135	3.747	3.212–4.371	0.000
	Twice	4180	1.833	1.536–2.187	0.000
	≥Thrice	6841	1.312	1.044–1.650	0.020
	Did hospital attach importance to your safety?				0.000
	Not at all	10549	1.000
	A little	17988	1.325	1.057–1.660	0.015
	Moderately	15951	1.090	0.882–1.348	0.424
	Quite	4285	0.809	0.654–1.000	0.050
	Extremely	2622	0.770	0.592–1.001	0.051
	Did the hospital provide safety protection tools to you?				0.000
	Yes	31826	1.000
	No	19580	1.237	1.123–1.363	0.000
	Did hospital attach importance to you?				0.03
	Not at all	5035	1.000
	A little	12207	1.356	0.981–1.876	0.066
	Moderately	22441	1.475	1081–2.012	0.014
	Quite	10517	0.977	0.721–1.324	0.882
	Extremely	1206	0.577	0.420–0.793	0.001
	Do you attach importance to occupational protection at work?				0.515
	Yes	43643	1.000
	No	7763	1.045	0.915–1.194	0.515
Psychological support: Extremely	Aggressive behavior from patients or their family				0.003
	Never	30250	1.000
	Once	10135	2.389	2.132–2.677	0.000
	Twice	4180	1.492	1.307–1.702	0.000
	≥Thrice	6841	1.162	0.980–1.378	0.084
	Did hospital attach importance to your safety protection?				0.000
	Not at all	10549	1.000
	A little	17988	0.523	0.441–0.619	0.000
	Moderately	15951	0.548	0.475–0.663	0.000
	Quite	4285	0.485	0.422–0.557	0.000
	Extremely	2622	0.379	0.317–0.452	0.000
	Did the hospital provide safety protection tools to you?				0.651
	Yes	31826	1.000
	No	19580	1.019	0.938–1.108	0.651
	Did hospital attach importance to you?				0.000
	Not at all	5035
	A little	12207	0.321	0.256–0.402	0.000
	Moderately	22441	0.437	0.361–0.530	0.000
	Quite	10517	0.356	0.298–0.425	0.000
	Extremely	1206	0.325	0.271–0.391	0.000
	Do you attach importance to occupational protection at work?				0.000
	Yes	43643	1.000
	No	7763	0.751	0.682–0.827	0.000

Dependent variables	Independent variables	N	OR	95 CI%	p value
Psychological support: A little		51406	1.000
Psychological support: Moderately	Do you have brothers or sister in your family?				0.013
	Yes	11288	1.000
	No				0.000
	Does your family reside in the city where you work?	39684	1.000
	Yes	11722	0.827	0.760–0.980	0.000
	No				0.597
	Job title
	Junior title	38962	1.000
	Intermediate title	9479	0.0640	0.397–1.030	0.640
	Senior title	2965	0.808	0.491–1.329	0.808
	Average working hours per week				0.02
	40–45	4923	1.000
	46–55	41454	1.272	1.046–1.547	0.016
	≥56	5029	1.139	0.907–1.430	0.026
	Monthly income, RMB (US$)*				0.000
	<5000 (<717)	39349	1.000
	≥5001 (≥717)	12075	0.821	0.715–0.931	0.000
Psychological support: Quite	Do you have brothers or sister in your family?				0.000
	Yes	11288	1.000
	No	40118	3.747	3.212–4.371	0.000
	Does your family reside in the city where you work?				0.000
	Yes	39684	1.000
	No	11722	1.312	1.044–1.650	0.000
	Job title				0.441
	Junior title	38962	1.000
	Intermediate title	9479	1.090	0.882–1.348	0.424
	Senior title	2965	0.809	0.654–1.000	0.050
	Average working hours per week				0.000
	40–45	4923	1.000
	46–55	41454	1.141	0.909–1.433	0.002
	>56	5029	1.237	1.123–1.363	0.000
	Monthly income, RMB (US$)*				0.000
	<5000 (<717)	39349	1.000
	≥5001 (≥717)	12075	0.418	0.312–0.516	0.000
Psychological support: Extremely	Do you have brothers or sister in your family?				0.735
	Yes	11288	1.000
	No	40118	1.019	0.912–1.139	0.735
	Does your family reside in the city where you work?				0.827
	Yes	39684	1.000
	No	11722	0.918	0.844–1.064	0.827
	Job title				0.108
	Junior title	38962	1.000
	Intermediate title	9479	0.433	0.246–0.763	0.433
	Senior title	2965	0.614	0.338–01.113	0.614
	Average working hours per week				0.000
	40–45	4923	1.000
	46–55	41454	1.559	1.175–2.068	0.002
	>56	5029	1.405	1.044–1.801	0.025
	Monthly income, RMB (US$)*				0.000
	<5000 (<717)	39349	1.000
	≥5001 (≥717)	12075	0.407	0.286–0.540	0.000

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 , 05403-000 São Paulo - SP/ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 3061-7553, - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: reeusp@usp.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Hongying Pi, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China, pihongying@301hospital.com.cn