Efficacy of reminiscence in cognition, depressive symptoms and quality of life in institutionalized elderly: a systematic review

Gil, Isabel; Costa, Paulo; Parola, Vítor; Cardoso, Daniela; Almeida, Maria; Apóstolo, João

doi:10.1590/S1980-220X2018007403458

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REVIEW • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 53 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-220X2018007403458 copy

Efficacy of reminiscence in cognition, depressive symptoms and quality of life in institutionalized elderly: a systematic review

Efectividad de la reminiscencia en la cognición, síntomas depresivos y calidad de vida en ancianos institucionalizados: revisión sistemática

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To identify the best available evidence on the efficacy of Reminiscence Therapy in cognition, depressive symptoms and quality of life in elderly individuals with cognitive impairment.

Method:

The methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute was used. Studies focused on group Reminiscence Therapy aimed at institutionalized elderly people with cognitive impairment aged 65 or over were considered. The critical analysis, extraction and synthesis of results was performed by two independent researchers.

Results:

Four randomized clinical trials and two quasi-experimental studies (n=296) were included. Given the heterogeneous characteristics of studies found, it was impossible to perform a meta-analysis. Of the six studies included, two presented statistically significant results for efficacy in cognition, and three for efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms. In none of the studies was evaluated the elderly’s quality of life.

Conclusion:

Reminiscence Therapy has potential efficacy for maintaining cognition and decrease of depressive symptomatology in the target population.

DESCRIPTORS:
Aged; Cognition; Depression; Quality of Life; Review

Database (initial results by search)	Search formula
CINAHL Complete via EBSCO (109)	(TI Reminiscence) OR (AB Reminiscence) OR (MH Reminiscence Therapy (Iowa NIC)) OR ((MH Reminiscence Therapy ))) AND (((TI Cognit) OR (AB Cognit)) OR ((TI “quality of life” ) OR (AB “quality of life” )) OR ((TI depressi) OR (AB depressi)) OR ((TI mood) OR (AB mood)) OR ((MH Cognition )) OR ((MH Quality of Life)) OR ((MH Depression))) AND (((TI dementia) OR (AB dementia)) OR ((TI alzheimer) OR (AB alzheimer)) OR ((TI “cognitive impairment” ) OR (AB “cognitive impairment”)) OR ((TI “neurocognitive disorder”) OR (AB “neurocognitive disorder”)) OR ((TI “neurocognitive disorders”) OR (AB “neurocognitive disorders”)) OR ((TI “cognitive decline”) OR (AB “cognitive decline”)) OR ((MH Dementia)))
PubMed (96)	(dementia[Title/Abstract]) OR alzheimer[Title/Abstract]) OR “neurocognitive disorder”[Title/Abstract]) OR “cognitive impairment”[Title/Abstract]) OR “neurocognitive disorders”[Title/Abstract]) OR “cognitive decline”[Title/Abstract]) OR “Dementia”[Mesh]) OR “Cognitive Dysfunction”[Mesh])) AND Reminiscence[Title/Abstract]) AND (cognit[Title/Abstract]) OR “quality of life”[Title/Abstract]) OR depressi[Title/Abstract]) OR mood[Title/Abstract]) OR “Cognition”[Mesh]) OR “Quality of Life”[Mesh]) OR “Depression”[Mesh])
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (50)	(Dementia:ti,ab,kw) OR (Alzheimer:ti,ab,kw) OR (“Cognitive impairment”:ti,ab,kw OR (“neurocognitive disorder:ti,ab,kw”) OR (“cognitive decline”:ti,ab,kw) OR [MH “Dementia”+] AND (reminiscence:ti,ab,kw) AND (cognit:ti,ab,kw) OR (“quality of life”:ti,ab,kw) OR (depressi:ti,ab,kw) OR (mood:ti,ab,kw) OR [MH “Cognition”+] OR [MH “Quality of Life”+] OR [MH “Depression”+]
Open Access Scientific Repository of Portugal (75)	Full-Text:(Reminiscence)
OpenGrey Repository (12)	(“Reminiscence”)
CAPES (35)	(Reminiscence)

	Wang¹³13. Wang J. Group reminiscence therapy for cognitive and affective function of demented elderly in Taiwan. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2007;22(12):1235-40.	Nakamae et al.¹⁴14. Nakamae T, Yotsumoto K, Tatsumi E, Hashimoto T. Effects of productive activities with reminiscence in occupational therapy for people with dementia: a pilot randomized controlled study. Hong Kong J Occup Th. 2014;24(1):13-9.	Akanuma et al.¹⁵15. Akanuma K, Meguro K, Meguro M, Sasaki E, Chiba K, Ishii H, et al. Improved social interaction and increased anterior cingulate metabolism after group reminiscence with reality orientation approach for vascular dementia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 2011;192(3):183-7.	Deponte & Missan¹⁶16. Deponte A, Missan R. Effectiveness of validation therapy (VT) in group: preliminary results. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2007;44(2):113-7.
Question
1. Was true randomization used for assignment to treatment groups?	No	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
2. Was allocation to groups concealed?	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	Unclear
3. Were treatment groups similar at the baseline?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
4. Were participants blind to treatment assignment?	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
5. Were those delivering treatment blind to treatment assignment?	Unclear	No	Unclear	Unclear
6. Were outcomes assessors blind to treatment assignment?	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Unclear
7. Were treatment groups treated identically other than the intervention of interest?	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Unclear
8. Was the follow up complete and if not, were adopted strategies to correct its absence?	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes
9. Were participants analyzed in the groups to which they were randomized?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
10. Were outcomes measured in the same way for all groups?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
11. Were outcomes measured in a reliable way?	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
12. Was appropriate statistical analysis used?	Yes	Unclear	Unclear	Yes
13. Is the study design appropriate to the topic under analysis, and any deviations were accounted for in the conduct and analysis of the trial?	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear

	Gonzalez et al.¹⁷17. Gonzalez J, Mayordomo T, Torres M, Sales A, Meléndez J. Reminiscence and dementia: a therapeutic intervention. Int Psychogeriatr. 2015;27(10):1731-7.	Aşiret & Kapucu¹⁸18. Asiret G, Kapucu S. The effect of reminiscence therapy on cognition, depression, and activities of daily living for patients with Alzheimer disease. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2015;29(1):31-7.
Question
1. Is it clear in the study what is the cause and what is the effect?	Yes	Yes
2. Were the participants included in any comparisons similar?	Yes	Yes
3. Were the participants included in any comparisons receiving similar treatment/care other than the exposure or intervention of interest?	Yes	Yes
4. Was there a control group?	Yes	Yes
5. Were there multiple measurements of the outcome pre and post the intervention/exposure?	Yes	Yes
6. Was follow up complete and if not, was follow up adequately described and were used strategies to deal with the loss?	Unclear	Yes
7. Were the outcomes of participants included in any comparisons measured in the same way?	Yes	Yes
8. Were the outcomes measured in a reliable way?	Unclear	Unclear
9. Was appropriate statistical analysis used?	Unclear	Unclear

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 , 05403-000 São Paulo - SP/ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 3061-7553, - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: reeusp@usp.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Isabel Gil Av. Bissaya Barreto, Apartado 7001 3046-851 - Coimbra, Portugal igil@esenfc.pt