Functional capacity and quality of life of elderly people admitted to emergency service

Costa, Andréa Fachini da; Lopes, Maria Carolina Barbosa Teixeira; Campanharo, Cassia Regina Vancini; Belasco, Angélica Gonçalves Silva; Okuno, Meiry Fernanda Pinto; Batista, Ruth Ester Assayag

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Original Article • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 54 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-220X2019021203651 copy

Functional capacity and quality of life of elderly people admitted to emergency service

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To correlate the functional capacity and quality of life of elderly people admitted to emergency service.

Method:

This is a cross-sectional and analytical study carried out with elderly patients admitted to a university hospital's emergency service in the city of São Paulo, between December 2015 and January 2017. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire, the Medical Outcome Study 36, the Katz of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, and the Functional Independence Measure.

Results:

Two hundred fifty elderly people with a mean age of 71.9 years, male (56.8%), white in color (67.2%), married (54.0%), with low education (32.0%), low income (58.0%), with comorbidities (81.2%) and home providers (53.6%) have participated. The most compromised Quality of Life dimensions were physical aspect (11.4%), emotional aspect (21.6%) and functional capacity (25.2%). Concerning functional capacity, independence was characterized for Basic Activities of Daily Living and moderate dependence for Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. The higher the scores of the Functional Independence Measure, the higher the quality of life scores.

Conclusion:

The more independent the elderly the better their quality of life.

DESCRIPTORS
Elderly; Aging; Hospitalization; Activities of Daily Living; Quality of Life; Emergency Nursing

Katz scale
Score
	Mean (Standard Deviation)	3.6 (±2.3)
	Median	4
	Minimum-Maximum	0-6
Classification		n (%)
	Moderate dependence	48 (19.2)
	Independent	108 (42.8)
	Very dependent	95 (38.0)

Activities	Mean ± Standard Deviation	Median	Minimum-Maximum
Self-care	30.2 ±12.8	35	6-42
Social cognition	17.9 ±4.5	20	3-21
Mobility	14.2 ±7.2	17	3-21
Communication	12.8 ±2.7	14	2-14
Sphincter control	10.7 ±4.7	14	2-14
Locomotion	9.3 ±5.1	12	2-14
FIM^* * FIM – Functional Independence Measure. Total Score	95.4 ±34.0	110	20-126

Dimensions	Mean ± Standard Deviation
Mental health	56.3 ± 9.51
Global health status	37.7 ± 19.2
Pain	34.9 ± 23.7
Vitality	32.5 ± 24.1
Social aspects	32.1 ± 26.8
Functional capacity	25.2 ± 31.7
Emotional aspect	21.6 ± 39.5
Physical aspect	11.4 ± 28.6

Functional Independence Measure Domains
SF-36^* * SF-36 - Quality of Life Assessment;		Self-care	Sphyncter	Mobility	Locomotion	Communication	Cognition	FIM^† † FIM – Functional Independence Measure; Total
FC^‡ ‡ FC – Functional Capacity;	R	0.82	0.57	0.77	0.78	0.42	0.64	0.80
FC^‡ ‡ FC – Functional Capacity;	p value	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
PA^§ § PA – Physical Aspect;	R	0.37	0.24	0.36	0.37	0.20	0.28	0.38
PA^§ § PA – Physical Aspect;	p value	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
Pain	R	0.46	0.34	0.44	0.43	0.32	0.39	0.45
Pain	p value	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
GHS^\|\| \|\| GHS – Global Health Status;	R	0.43	0.29	0.38	0.38	0.27	0.38	0.41
GHS^\|\| \|\| GHS – Global Health Status;	p value	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
Vitality	R	0.45	0.27	0.40	0.39	0.38	0.43	0.43
Vitality	p value	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
SA^¶ ¶ SA – Social Aspects;	R	0.50	0.33	0.45	0.46	0.29	0.43	0.48
SA^¶ ¶ SA – Social Aspects;	p value	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
EA^ EA – Emotional Aspect;	R	0.29	0.25	0.26	0.27	0.22	0.29	0.29
EA^ EA – Emotional Aspect;	p value	<0.0001	0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.0004	<0.0001	<0.0001
MH^†† †† MH – Mental Health.	R	0.08	0.14	0.11	0.13	0.15	0.12	0.10
MH^†† †† MH – Mental Health.	p value	0.1971	0.0328	0.0726	0.0368	0.0151	0.0524	0.1099

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 , 05403-000 São Paulo - SP/ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 3061-7553, - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: reeusp@usp.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Andréa Fachini da Costa, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem Av. Senador Casemiro da Rocha, 1079, apto. 22 CEP 04042-002 – São Paulo, SP, Brazil. defacosta@hotmail.com