Although cyanide is widely employed for leaching precious metals and electroplating certain metals, its high toxicity demands efficient technologies to treat the wastewater generated by these processes. There are a number of available techniques for the treatment of industrial aqueous cyanide-bearing effluents. However, the most employed method is based on its chemical oxidation to the less toxic cyanate which is hydrolyzed to ammonium and bicarbonate ions. The heavy metal complexes, when present in the effluent, will form a sludge composed of hydroxides. Among the most recent techniques for the treatment of effluents containing cyanide, electrochemical oxidation presents some advantages, such as: possible metal recovery from the cyano-complexes, no need for further chemicals additions, compliance to environmental agencies directives. This paper presents a comparison among several processes for treating the aforementioned effluents, with emphasis on the electrochemical process, which is briefly reviewed.
Cyanide; Effluent; Oxidation; Environment
