Malaria among indigenous peoples on the Brazil-French Guiana border, 2007-2016: a descriptive study

Mendes, Anapaula Martins; Lima, Marilene da Silva; Maciel, Anaytatyana Góes Peixoto; Menezes, Rubens Alex de Oliveira; Eugênio, Nádia Cristine Coelho

doi:10.5123/S1679-49742020000200012

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Epidemiol. Serv. Saúde 29 (2) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742020000200012 linkcopy

Malaria among indigenous peoples on the Brazil-French Guiana border, 2007-2016: a descriptive study^*

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective: to describe the profile and incidence of malaria cases among indigenous and non-indigenous people on the Brazil-French Guiana border, between 2007 and 2016.

Methods: this is a descriptive study based on analysis of cases notified on the Malaria Epidemiological Surveillance Information System (SIVEP-Malaria), organized using Tableau 10.3.

Results: a total of 21,729 cases were notified in the period; the highest annual number of notifications was 3,637 (16.7%) in 2009, 1,956 (53.8%) of which related to indigenous people, representing annual parasite incidence (API) of 261/1,000; higher risk of infection was found in the Kumenê base area (API between 13 and 534/1,000) and the Manga base area (API between 55 and 448/1,000); children accounted for 20.0 to 40.0% of notified cases, while pregnant women accounted for 2.0% among non-indigenous people and 1.0% among the indigenous.

Conclusion: malaria case distribution was unequal between indigenous and non-indigenous people, with greater occurrence among the indigenous.

Keywords:
Malaria; Epidemiology, Public Health Surveillance; Border Areas; Health of Indigenous Peoples

Year	Indigenous								Non-indigenous								Total cases
	F		V		M+M		Non-F		F		V		M+M		Non-F		Total cases
	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
2007	188	6	1.433	47	10	0	-	0	260	8	1.148	37	27	1	-	0	3.066
2008	106	3	1.576	45	18	1	-	0	330	9	1.323	38	123	4	-	0	3.476
2009	203	6	1.743	48	10	0	-	0	270	7	1.366	38	42	1	-	0	3.634
2010	579	14	1.020	24	9	0	-	0	620	15	1.895	45	50	1	-	0	4.173
2011	474	11	1.683	38	11	0	-	0	472	11	1.795	40	34	1	-	0	4.469
2012	47	2	702	28	11	0	427	17	242	10	1.054	42	33	1	1	0	2.517
2013	30	2	380	29	1	0	16	1	128	10	756	57	15	1	1	0	1.327
2014	4	1	181	26	-	0	18	3	24	3	475	67	4	1	-	0	706
2015	1	0	406	37	1	0	222	20	4	0	448	41	-	0	10	1	1.092
2016	1	0	451	57	-	0	12	2	22	3	299	38	3	0	1	0	789

Age ranges (in years)	Period																				Total
	2007		2008		2009		2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		Total
	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N
Indigenous
<10	718	44	612	36	724	37	338	21	161	34	475	40	132	31	89	44	107	17	111	24	3,467
10-59	913	56	1,085	63	1,229	62	1,269	78	307	65	710	60	293	65	114	55	523	82	353	75	6,796
≥60	-	0	3	1	3	1	1	1	6	1	2	0	2	4	-	1	-	1	-	1	17
Total	1,631	100	1,700	100	1,956	100	1,608	100	474	100	1,187	100	427	100	203	100	630	100	464	100	10,280
Non-indigenous
<10	660	46	657	37	303	18	359	14	66	14	292	22	162	18	65	13	69	15	36	11	2,669
10-59	774	54	1,116	63	1,370	81	2,203	86	398	83	1,036	78	735	82	437	87	393	85	286	88	8,748
≥60	1	0	3	0	8	1	3	0	8	3	2	0	3	0	1	0	-	0	3	1	32
Total	1,435	100	1,776	100	1,681	100	2,565	100	472	100	1,330	100	900	100	503	10	462	100	325	100	11,449

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Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente - Ministério da Saúde do Brasil SRTVN Quadra 701, Via W5 Norte, Lote D, Edifício P0700, CEP: 70719-040, +55 (61) 3315-3464 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
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[TFN10] Legend

[TFN11] F: Plasmodium falciparum, or P. falciparum.

[TFN12] V: Plasmodium vivax.

[TFN13] M+M: P. malariae + mixed (P. falciparum and P. vivax in the same infection) .

[TFN14] Non-: non-P. falciparum (result of rapid test sample collections).

[TFN15] Source: Malaria Epidemiological Surveillance Information System (SIVEP-Malaria), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health. Updated on: 14/12/2017.

[TFN16] Note: the frequencies (%) are relative to the total number of notified cases; values under 0.5% have been rounded to ‘0’.

Malaria among indigenous peoples on the Brazil-French Guiana border, 2007-2016: a descriptive study*

Malaria among indigenous peoples on the Brazil-French Guiana border, 2007-2016: a descriptive study^*