Prevalence and factors associated with violence against high school teachers in Teresina, Piauí, 2016: a cross-sectional study

Lima, Patrícia Viana Carvalhedo; Rodrigues, Malvina Thaís Pacheco; Mascarenhas, Márcio Dênis Medeiros; Gomes, Keila Rejane Oliveira; Miranda, Cássio Eduardo Soares; Frota, Karoline de Macêdo Gonçalves

doi:10.5123/S1679-49742020000100022

person Patrícia Viana Carvalhedo Lima

schoolUniversidade Federal do Piauí, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brazil

0000-0003-3582-4096

person Malvina Thaís Pacheco Rodrigues

schoolUniversidade Federal do Piauí, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brazil

0000-0001-5501-0669

person Márcio Dênis Medeiros Mascarenhas

schoolUniversidade Federal do Piauí, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brazil

0000-0001-5064-2763

person Keila Rejane Oliveira Gomes

schoolUniversidade Federal do Piauí, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brazil

0000-0001-9261-8665

person Cássio Eduardo Soares Miranda

schoolUniversidade Federal do Piauí, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brazil

0000-0002-8990-1205

person Karoline de Macêdo Gonçalves Frota

schoolUniversidade Federal do Piauí, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brazil

0000-0002-9202-5672

Correspondence: Patrícia Viana Carvalhedo Lima - Universidade Federal do Piauí, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Av. Frei Serafim, No. 2280, Centro, Teresina, PI, Brazil. Postcode: 64000-020 E-mail:
patriciavianalima@hotmail.com

groupsAuthors’ contributions

Lima PVC, Rodrigues MTP and Mascarenhas MDM planned the study design, analyzed the data, reviewed the text and prepared the draft version of the manuscript. Gomes KRO, Miranda CES and Frota KMG contributed to data analysis and interpretation, as well as taking part in writing and reviewing important intellectual content. All the authors have approved the final version of the article and are responsible for its entire contents and for guaranteeing its accuracy.

Associate Editor: Taís Freire Galvão orcid.org/0000-0003-2072-4834

Characteristics	n	%
Sex (n= 279)
Female	162	58.1
Male	117	41.9
Age group (n=224)^a
Up to 40 years old	131	58.5
Over 40 years old	93	41.5
School administration (n= 279)
Private	140	50.2
Public	139	49.8
Teaching region (n=279)
Center/North	120	43.0
East	46	16.5
Southeast	46	16.5
South	67	24.0
Graduated from (n= 278)^a
Public university	271	97.5
Private university	7	2.5
Postgraduate (n=275)^a
Yes	190	69.1
No	85	30.9
Time as a teacher (n= 241)^a
Up to 13 years	124	51.5
Over 13 years	117	48.5
Teaches at more than one school (n= 274)^a
Yes	208	75.9
No	66	24.1

Variables	Some kind of violence		Crude PR^a		Adjusted PR^a
Variables	n	%	95%CI^b	p-value^c	95%CI^b	p-value^c
Sex				0.969		0.430
Male	89	54.9	1.00 (0.80;1.24)		0.89 (0.67;1.18)
Female	64	54.7	1		1
Age group				0.596		0.341
Over 40 years old	53	57.0	1.06 (0.84;1.35)		1.17 (0.84;1.62)
Up to 40 years old	70	53.4	1		1
School administration				0.252		0.794
Public	81	58.3	1.13 (0.91;1.40)		1.03 (0.78;1.38)
Private	72	51.4	1		1
Teaching region				0.035		0.021
East	31	67.4	1.47 (1.11;1.94)		1.65 (1.14;2.39)
South	42	62.4	1.36 (1.04;1.78)		1.48 (1.05;2.08)
Southeast	25	54.3	1.18 (0.85;1.64)		1.14 (0.74;1.76)
Center/North	55	45.8	1		1
Postgraduate				0.939		0.809
Yes	106	55.8	1.00 (0.80;1.26)		0.96 (0.71;1.30)
No	47	55.3	1		1
Time as a teacher				0.445		0.309
Over 13 years	68	58.1	1.09 (0.87;1.36)		1.19 (0.84;1.67)
Up to 13 years	66	53.2	1		1
Teaches at more than one school				0.916		0.643
Yes	115	55.3	1.01 (0.78;1.30)		0.92 (0.65;1.29)
No	36	54.6	1		1

Variables	Verbal insults		Crude PR^a		Adjusted PR^a
Variables	n	%	95%CI^b	p-value^c	95%CI^b	p-value^c
Sex				0.143		0.650
Female	52	44.4	1.24 (0.93;1.65)		1.08 (0.77;1.51)
Male	58	35.8	1		1
Age group				0.736		0.114
Over 40 years old	39	41.9	1.05 (0.76;1.45)		1.37 (0.92;2.02)
Up to 40 years old	52	39.7	1		1
School administration				0.014		0.048
Public	65	46.8	1.45 (1.07;1.96)		1.45 (1.00;2.11)
Private	45	32.1	1		1
Teaching region				0.032		0.033
East	25	54.4	1.76 (1.20;2.56)		1.85 (1.17;2.93)
South	29	43.3	1.40 (0.95;2.06)		1.59 (1.05;2.41)
Southeast	19	41.3	1.34 (0.86;2.07)		1.22 (0.73;2.05)
Center/North	37	30.8	1		1
Postgraduate				0.060		0.226
Yes	82	43.2	1.41 (0.98;2.02)		1.27 (0.86;1.89)
No	26	30.6	1		1
Time as a teacher				0.494		0.096
Up to 13 years	52	41.9	1.11 (0.81;1.52)		1.41 (0.94;2.13)
Over 13 years	44	37.6	1		1
Teaches at more than one school				0.264		0.882
Yes	86	41.4	1.24 (0.85;1.81)		1.04 (0.65;1.64)
No	22	33.3	1		1

Variables	Sexual harassment		Crude PR^a		Adjusted PR^a
Variables	n	%	95%CI^b	p-value^c	95%CI^b	p-value^c
Sex				0.004		0.367
Female	10	8.6	1		1
Male	33	20.4	2.38 (2.02;2.71)		1.03 (0.96;1.10)
Age group				0.120		0.198
Over 40 years old	27	20.6	1		1
Up to 40 years old	12	12.9	0.63 (0.81;1.03)		0.95 (0.87;1.03)
School administration				0.236		0.168
Public	18	12.9	1		1
Private	25	18	1.40 (0.96;1.17)		1.05 (0.98;1.13)
Teaching region				0.113		0.203
East	5	10.9	1		1
South	10	21.7	2.00 (1.81;2.12)		1.07 (0.99;1.16)
Southeast	5	7.5	0.69 (0.51;1.07)		0.99 (0.80;1.10)
Center/North	23	19.2	1.76 (0.98;1.91)		1.07 (0.99;1.16)
Postgraduate				0.353		0.452
Yes	27	14.2	1		1
No	16	18.8	1.32 (0.97;1.08)		1.03 (0.95;1.11)
Time as a teacher				0.730		0.712
Up to 13 years	20	16.1	1		1
Over 13 years	17	14.5	0.90 (0.84;1.19)		0.98 (0.89;1.08)
Teaches at more than one school				0.323		0.033
Yes	35	16.8	1		1
No	8	12.1	0.72 (0.63;1.06)		0.93 (0.86;0.99)

[TFN11] a) Losses due to questionnaires with no answer for this variable.

Prevalence and factors associated with violence against high school teachers in Teresina, Piauí, 2016: a cross-sectional study*

Prevalence and factors associated with violence against high school teachers in Teresina, Piauí, 2016: a cross-sectional study^*