Association between social support and adherence to anti-retroviral treatment in people living with HIV

Oliveira, Rafael da Silva; Primeira, Marcelo Ribeiro; Santos, Wendel Mombaque dos; Paula, Cristiane Cardoso de; Padoin, Stela Maris de Mello

doi:10.1590/1983-1447.2020.20190290

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Original Article • Rev. Gaúcha Enferm. 41 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2020.20190290 copy

Association between social support and adherence to anti-retroviral treatment in people living with HIV

Asociación entre apoyo social con la adherencia al tratamento antirretroviral en personas que viven con VIH

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To investigate the association between social support, adherence to HIV anti-retroviral therapy, and clinical and sociodemographic factors.

Method:

A cross-sectional study conducted from July 2016 to August 2018 in a specialized outpatient clinic in southern Brazil. Individual interviews were conducted for the application of the following instruments: Questionnaire for the Evaluation of Adherence to Anti-retroviral Treatment (CEAT-HIV) and Social Support Scale for People Living with HIV/AIDS. The Spearman bivariate correlation test was used for analysis purposes.

Results:

Among the 168 participants, the mean social support score was 3.53 points (SD = 0.66), and 64.9% (n = 109) of the respondents had insufficient adherence. There was a significant association (p < 0.05) between emotional social support and the following adherence domains: antecedents of non-adherence behaviors and doctor-patient communication.

Conclusions:

Social support is associated with antecedents of non-adherence behaviors and doctor-patient communication.

Keywords:
Social support; Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; HIV; Anti-retroviral therapy, highly active; Medication adherence; Nursing

Characteristics	n = 168 (%)
Female gender	95 (56.5)
White race	108 (64.3)
Lives with spouse or partner	85 (50.6)
Unemployed	103 (61.3)
Not using drugs	147 (87.5)
Not using alcoholic beverages	132 (78.6)
No change in lifestyle	97 (57.7)
HIV sexual transmission route	119 (70.8)
No opportunistic disease	102 (60.7)
Not using psychiatric medications	130 (77.4)
Undetectable viral load	130 (77.4)

Social Support factors	Score				Cronbach’s alpha
Social Support factors	Mean	Min	Max	SD	Cronbach’s alpha
Emotional	3.35	1.90	5.00	0.71	0,851
Instrumental	3.73	1.80	5.00	0.77	0,745
Total	3.53	1.80	5.00	0.66	0,878

Domain	Mean	Min	Max	SD
Compliance with the prescription	84.20	33.00	100.00	15.27
Antecedents of non-adherence behaviors	90.74	31.00	100.00	11.81
Doctor-patient communication	80.39	8.00	100.00	15.55
Beliefs and expectations about treatment	76.55	30.00	100.00	14.21
Satisfaction with the treatment	76.35	25.00	100.00	18.01
Overall adherence	81.71	47.00	97.00	8.70

Variable	Instrumental		Emotional		Total
Variable	Coefficient	p	Coefficient	p	Coefficient	p
Monthly income	0.121	0.118	0.179^*	0.020	0.165^*	0.033
People relying on the income	0.156^*	0.044	0.186^*	0.016	0.180^*	0.019
Time of diagnosis	-0.194^*	0.012	-0.202^*	0.009	-0.214^*	0.005
Duration of treatment	-0.162^*	0.036	-0.134	0.083	-0.167^*	0.030

Social Support factors	Antec.		Commun.		Overall adherence
Social Support factors	Coefficient	p	Coefficient	p	Coefficient	p
Instrumental	-0.002	0.981	0.149	0.057	0.027	0.735
Emotional	0.234^*	0.003	0.234^*	0.003	0.196^*	0.012
Total	0.115	0.141	0.202^*	0.009	0.117	0.134

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Escola de Enfermagem Rua São Manoel, 963 -Campus da Saúde , 90.620-110 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brasil, Fone: (55 51) 3308-5242 / Fax: (55 51) 3308-5436 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
E-mail: revista@enf.ufrgs.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Corresponding author:
Stela Maris de Mello Padoin e-mail: stelamaris_padoin@hotmail.com