Adherence to antiretroviral therapy by people living with HIV/AIDS in a municipality of São Paulo

Foresto, Jaqueline Scaramuza; Melo, Elizabete Santos; Costa, Christefany Régia Braz; Antonini, Marcela; Gir, Elucir; Reis, Renata Karina

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Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem

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Sumário

Original Articles • Rev. Gaúcha Enferm. (Online) 38 (1) • 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2017.01.63158 copy

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy by people living with HIV/AIDS in a municipality of São Paulo

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective

To assess adherence to antiretroviral drugs by people living with HIV/AIDS and identify its association with sociodemographic and clinical variables.

Methods

Cross-sectional analytical study using a sociodemographic instrument and CEAT-HIV, with data collected in the period from 2014-2015.

Results

A 75.0% was identified as having a good/proper adhesion. It was found that individuals between ages 40 and 59 (p = 0.029) and with morethan eight years of formal education (p = 0.043) had a higher level of compliance, as well as those diagnosed with HIV/AIDS for more than 10 years (p = 0.002), CD4 count >350 cells/mm3 (p<0,001) and an undetectable viral load (p=0,025).

Conclusion

In this study, a good adhesion between the subjects was identified and it was observed that individuals of older age, higher level of education, delayed diagnosis, high CD4 cell counts and undetectable viral load were associated with higher treatment adherence.

Medication adherence; Antiretrovirals; HIV; Nursing; Nursing care

Variables	Category	n	%
Sex	Male	48	60.0
Sex	Female	32	40.0

Age (years)	18 ├┤ 39	25	31.3
	40 ├┤ 59	47	58.7
	≥ 60	08	10.0

Color	White	35	43.8
	Black	18	22.5
	Yellow	02	1.7
	Brown	25	31.3

Education (years of study)	≤ 08	36	45.0
Education (years of study)	> 08	44	55.0

Marital Status	Single	36	45
	Married/Casado/Common-law marriage	28	35
	Divorced	08	10
	Widower	07	8.8
	Other	01	1.3

Income (minimum wage*)	≤ 03	67	83.8
Income (minimum wage*)	> 3.1	13	16.3

Occupation	Unemployed	13	16.3
	Employed	34	42.5
	Self-employed	04	5.0
	Homemaker	05	6.3
	Student	01	1.3
	Retired	17	21.3
	On leave	06	7.5

Sexual orientation	Heterosexual	60	75.0
	Homosexual	16	20.0
	Bisexual	04	5.0

Total		80	100

Variables	Category	n	%
HIV Period of Diagnosis (years)	≤ 05	22	27.5
	05 ├┤ 10	18	22.5
	≥ 10	40	50.0

Viral load (copies/ml)	≤ 40	54	67.5
Viral load (copies/ml)	> 40	26	32.5

CD4 + T cells(cells/mm³)	≤ 350	23	28.8
CD4 + T cells(cells/mm³)	> 350	57	71.3

Total		80	100

Variables		Adhesion						p

		Low Insufficient		Good Strict		Total

		n	%	n	%	n	%
Sex	Female	07	21.9	25	78.1	32	100	0.598*
Sex	Male	13	27.1	35	72.9	48	100	0.598*

Age group (years)	18 ├┤ 39	11	44.0	14	56.0	25	100	0.029*
	40 ├┤ 59	08	17.0	39	83.0	47	100
	≥ 60	01	12.5	07	87.5	08	100

Education (years)	≤ 08	05	13.9	31	86.1	36	100	0.043 ^†
Education (years)	> 08	15	34.1	29	65.9	44	100	0.043 ^†

Color	White	09	25.7	26	74.3	35	100	0.087*
	Black	08	44.4	10	55.6	18	100
	Yellow	00	00	02	100	02	100
	Brown	03	12.0	22	88.0	25	100

Income (minimum wages)	≤ 03 minimum wages	17	25.4	50	74.6	67	100	0.861*
Income (minimum wages)	> 03 minimum wages	03	23.1	10	76.9	13	100	0.861*

Sexual orientation	Heterosexual	13	21.7	47	78.3	60	100	0.058*
	Homosexual	04	25.0	12	75.0	16	100
	Bisexual	03	75.0	01	25.0	04	100

CD4 + T cells (cells/mm³)	≤ 350	12	52.2	11	47.8	23	100	<0.001*
CD4 + T cells (cells/mm³)	> 350	08	14.0	49	86.0	57	100	<0.001*

Viral load (copies/ml)	≤ 40	09	16.7	45	83.3	54	100	0.025 ^†
Viral load (copies/ml)	> 40	11	42.3	15	57.7	26	100	0.025 ^†

HIV Period of Diagnosis	< 05	11	50.0	11	50.0	22	100	0.002*
	05 ├┤ 10	05	27.8	13	72.2	18	100
	≥10	04	10.0	36	90.0	40	100

Treatments other than HAART	Yes	15	28.8	37	71.2	52	100	0.417^†
Treatments other than HAART	No	05	17.9	23	82.1	28	100	0.417^†

Difficulty to attend consultations	Yes	07	46.7	08	53.3	15	100	0.047 ^†
Difficulty to attend consultations	No	13	20.0	52	80.0	65	100	0.047 ^†

Alcoholic beverage consumption	No	05	14.7	29	85.3	34	100	0.100*
	Occasionally	10	28.6	25	71.4	35	100
	Often	05	45.5	06	54.5	11	100

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[1] Corresponding author: Renata Karina Reis. E-mail: rkreis@eerp.usp.br