Hemolymphatic components in vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi: study in several species of the subfamily Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Canavoso, Lilián Etelvina; Rubiolo, Edilberto René

doi:10.1590/S0036-46651993000200003

Abstracts

The members of the subfamily Triatominae (Hemiptera : Reduviidae) comprise a great number of species of medical importance in the transmission of the T. cruzi (American trypanosomiasis). The aim of this study was to contribute to the knowledge about the chemical composition in proteins, lipids, lipoproteins, and carbohydrates of vectors of Chagas' disease corresponding to twelve members of the subfamily Triatominae. This study was carried out in ninphs of the fifth instar and adult males of the species: T. delpontei, T. dimidiata, T. guasayana, T. infestans, T. mazzotti, T. pallidipennis, T. patagonica, T. platensis, T. rubrovaria, T. sordida of the Triatoma genus, and D. maximus and P. megistus of the Dipatalogaster and Panstrongylus genera respectively. The results show on one hand, qualitative differences in the protein composition, and on the other hand, similarity in the lipoprotein profiles. Lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates did not show significant differences between species or/and stages.

Chagas' disease; Vectors; Proteins; Lipids; Lipoproteins; Carbohydrates

A subfamília Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) abrange um grande número de espécies de importância médica na transmissão de parasitoses provocadas pelo T. cruzi (Tripanosomiase americana). Com a finalidade de contribuir ao conhe-ci-mento da composição química em proteínas, lípides, lipoproteínas e carboidratos da hemolinfa de vetores da doença de Chagas, se apresentam os achados correspondentes a 12 espécies de 3 gêneros, membros da subfamília Triatominae. O estudo foi efetuado com ninfas do 5º estádio e adultos machos das espécies: T. delpontei, T. dimidiata, T. guasayana, T. infestans, T. mazzotti, T. pallidipennis, T. patagonica, T. platensis, T. rubrovaria e T. sordida, o gênero Triatoma, e D. maximus e P. megistus, dos gêneros Dipetalogaster e Panstrongylus, respectivamente. Os achados mostraram diferenças qualitativas na composição proteica, sendo, semelhantes os perfis lipoproteicos. Os lípides, proteínas e carboidratos totais não apresentam diferenças significativas entre espécies e/ou gêneros, e/ou estádios.

ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Hemolymphatic components in vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi: study in several species of the subfamily Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Componentes hemolinfáticos em vetores do Trypanosoma cruzi: Estudo em doze espécies da subfamília Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Lilián Etelvina Canavoso^I,II; Edilberto René Rubiolo^I,III

^IDepartamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina

^IIResearch fellow from the Secretaria de Ciência y Tecnologia de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina

^IIIServicio Nacional de Chagas, Ministerio de Salud y Acción Social, Córdoba, Argentina

^{Address for correspondence} Address for correspondence: Dr. Edilberto R. Rubiolo Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Suc: 16; CC:61, CP: 5016 Córdoba, Argentina

SUMMARY

The members of the subfamily Triatominae (Hemiptera : Reduviidae) comprise a great number of species of medical importance in the transmission of the T. cruzi (American trypanosomiasis).

The aim of this study was to contribute to the knowledge about the chemical composition in proteins, lipids, lipoproteins, and carbohydrates of vectors of Chagas' disease corresponding to twelve members of the subfamily Triatominae. This study was carried out in ninphs of the fifth instar and adult males of the species: T. delpontei, T. dimidiata, T. guasayana, T. infestans, T. mazzotti, T. pallidipennis, T. patagonica, T. platensis, T. rubrovaria, T. sordida of the Triatoma genus, and D. maximus and P. megistus of the Dipatalogaster and Panstrongylus genera respectively.

The results show on one hand, qualitative differences in the protein composition, and on the other hand, similarity in the lipoprotein profiles. Lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates did not show significant differences between species or/and stages.

Key words: Chagas' disease; Vectors; Proteins; Lipids; Lipoproteins; Carbohydrates.

RESUMO

A subfamília Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) abrange um grande número de espécies de importância médica na transmissão de parasitoses provocadas pelo T. cruzi (Tripanosomiase americana).

Com a finalidade de contribuir ao conhe-ci-mento da composição química em proteínas, lípides, lipoproteínas e carboidratos da hemolinfa de vetores da doença de Chagas, se apresentam os achados correspondentes a 12 espécies de 3 gêneros, membros da subfamília Triatominae. O estudo foi efetuado com ninfas do 5º estádio e adultos machos das espécies: T. delpontei, T. dimidiata, T. guasayana, T. infestans, T. mazzotti, T. pallidipennis, T. patagonica, T. platensis, T. rubrovaria e T. sordida, o gênero Triatoma, e D. maximus e P. megistus, dos gêneros Dipetalogaster e Panstrongylus, respectivamente.

Os achados mostraram diferenças qualitativas na composição proteica, sendo, semelhantes os perfis lipoproteicos. Os lípides, proteínas e carboidratos totais não apresentam diferenças significativas entre espécies e/ou gêneros, e/ou estádios.

Full text available only in PDF format.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors wish to thank Biol. María E. Garay and Lic. Alberto A. Leiva for their cooperation.

Recebido para publicação em 06/04/1992

Aceito para publicação em 09/02/1993

1. ADAMS, R. & RYCKMAN, R.A. - A comparative electrophoresis of the Triatoma rubida complex (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). J. med. Ent., 6: 1-7,1969.
2. BARRAS, D.J.; KISNER, R.T.; LEWIS, W.J. & JONES, R.T. - Effects of the parasitoid, Microplitis croceipes on the hemolymph proteins of the com earworm, Heliothis zea. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 43B: 941-947, 1972.
3. BRADFORD, M.M. - A rapid sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principles of protein dye binding. Ann. Biochem., 72: 248-253, 1976.
4. CANAVOSO, L.E.; RUBIOLO, E.R. & PIAZZA, L.A. - Modificaciones del perfil proteico en la hemolinfa de Triatoma infestans, infectados por cepas de Trypanosoma cruzi y Blastocrithida triatomae (Trypanosomatidae). In: JORNADAS CIENTIFICAS DE LA SOC. BIOLOGIA DE CORDOBA, 6., Cordoba, 1990. p.36.
5. CANAVOSO, L.E. & RUBIOLO, E.R. - Lipophorin (HDLp) in vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 86 (suppl.1): 244, 1991.
6. CARNERO, R.A. & RUBIOLO, E.R. - Presencia de lipoproteínas en orina de diabéticos con nefropatías. Acta Bioquim. clin. lat. amer.., 23: 11-216, 1989.
7. CERISOLA, J.A.; DEL PRADO, C.E.; ROHWEDDER, R. & BOZZINI, J.P. - Blastocrithidia triatomae nsp found in Triatoma infestans from Argentina. J. Protozool., 18: 503-506, 1971.
8. CHAPMAN, M.J. - Animal lipoproteins: chemistry, structure and comparative aspects. J. Lipid Res., 21: 789-853,1980.
9. DAVIS, B.J. - Disk, electrophoresis. II. Method and aplication to human serum proteins. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 121: 404,1964.
10. EDELSTEIN, C. & SCANU, A.M. - Precautionary measures for collecting blood destined for lipoprotein isolation. Meth. Enzimol., 128: 151-155, 1986.
11. FERKOVICH, S.M.; GREANY, P.D. & DILLARD, C. - Changes in haemolymph proteins of the fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), associated with parasitism by the braconid parasitoid Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson). J. Insect Physiol., 29: 933-942, 1983.
12. FRINGS, C.S. & DUNN, R.T. - A colorimetric method for determination of total serum lipids based on the sulpho-phospho-vanillin reaction. Amer. J. Path., 3: 89-91, 1970.
13. GONDIM, K.C.; OLIVEIRA , P.L.; COELHO, H.S.L. & MASUDA, H. - Lipophorin from Rhodnius prolixus: purification and partial characterization. Insect. Biochem., 19: 153-161, 1989.
14. HAYAKAWA, Y. - Inhibition of lipid transpor in insects by a parasitic factor. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 87B: 279-283, 1987.
15. HORWOOD, M.A. & HALES, D.F. - Fat body changes in locust, Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker) (Orthoptera: Acrididae); parasitized by Nementrinid fly. Arch. Insect. Physiol., 17: 53-63, 1991.
16. INSAUSTI, T.C. - Ocellar pathways in Triatoma infestans. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 86 (suppl 1): 244, 1991.
17. KIMURA, M. & OTHA, T. - Proteins polimorfism as a phase of molecular evolution. Nature, 229: 4167-4169, 1971.
18. KRAMER, S. J. & DE KORT, C.A.D. - Juvenile hormone carrier lipoproteins in the hemolymph of the colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Insect. Biochem., 8: 87-92, 1978.
19. LAW, J.H. & WELLS, M.A. - Insects as biochemical model. J. biol. Chem., 264: 16335-16338, 1989.
20. LEHANE, M.J. & SCHOFIELD, C.J. - Preliminary report on flight by some triatomine bugs. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 70: 526, 1976.
21. LEHANE, M.J. & SCHOFIELD, C.J. - Flight initiation in Triatoma infestans (Klug) (Hemiptera:Reduviidae). Bull. ent. Res., 72: 497-510, 1982.
22. LOUGHTON, B. & WEST, A. - The development and distribution of hemolymph protein in Lepidoptera. J. Insect Physiol., 11: 911-932, 1965.
23. MISSELINNJ, G.; KARCHER, D.; DE KEYSER, F. & VAN SANDE, M. - Studies on hemolymph proteins of insects of medical importance by means of microelectrophoresis in agar gel. In: Protides of the biological fluids. Proceeding of the 7^th Colloquium Bruges, 1959. Peeters Ed. Amsterdam, Elsevier Publishing, 1960. p. 127-135.
24. PAZ, D.; GIMENEZ, H. & TOMATTS, M.E. - Hemolinfa de Triatoma infestans: cambios en volumen y proteínas totales despues de una ingesta. Chagas, 5: 23-28, 1988.
25. PERASSI, R. - Protein components of the haemolymph of triatomid bugs (Hemiptera:Reduviidae). Bol. chil. Parasit., 27: 74-80, 1972.
26. RYAN, R.O. - Dynamics of insect lipophorin metabolism. J. Lipid Res., 31: 1725-1739, 1990.
27. SCHAUB, J.A. - Development time and mortality in larvae of the reduviid bugs Triatoma infestans and Rhodnius prolixus after coprophagic infection with Blastocrithidia triatomae (Trypanosomatidae). J. invertebr. Path., 51: 23-31, 1988.
28. SCOTT, T.A. & MELVIN, E.H. - Determination of dextran with anthrone. Analyt. Chem., 25: 1656-1661, 1953.
29. SNEDECOR, G.W. & COCHRAN, W.G. - Statistical methods. Iowa. The Iowa State University Press, 1971.
30. TIERNO , M.A. & BRENNER, R.R. - Bioquímica del ciclo evolutivo del Triatoma infestans (Vinchuca). I. Composición de los lípidos y ácidos grasos. Acta physiol. lat. amer., 28: 41-52, 1978.
31. VAN SANDE, M. & KARCHER, D. - Species differentiation of insects by hemolymph electrophoresis. Science,131: 1103-1104, 1959.
32. WITMORE, E. & GILBERT, L.I. - Hemolymph proteins and lipoproteins in Lepidoptera: a comparative elctrophoretic study. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 47B: 63-78, 1974.
33. WIGGELESWORTH, V.B. - The principles of insect physiology. London, Chapman and Hall, 1970. Chap. 10, p. 426.
34. WYATT, G.R. & PAN, M.L. - Insect plasma proteins. Ann. Rev. Biochem., 47: 779-817, 1978.

Address for correspondence:

Dr. Edilberto R. Rubiolo

Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba

Suc: 16; CC:61, CP: 5016

Córdoba, Argentina

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
27 July 2006
Date of issue
Apr 1993

History

Accepted
09 Feb 1993
Received
06 Apr 1992

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. ADAMS, R. & RYCKMAN, R.A. - A comparative electrophoresis of the Triatoma rubida complex (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). J. med. Ent., 6: 1-7,1969.

[2] 2. BARRAS, D.J.; KISNER, R.T.; LEWIS, W.J. & JONES, R.T. - Effects of the parasitoid, Microplitis croceipes on the hemolymph proteins of the com earworm, Heliothis zea. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 43B: 941-947, 1972.

[3] 3. BRADFORD, M.M. - A rapid sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principles of protein dye binding. Ann. Biochem., 72: 248-253, 1976.

[4] 4. CANAVOSO, L.E.; RUBIOLO, E.R. & PIAZZA, L.A. - Modificaciones del perfil proteico en la hemolinfa de Triatoma infestans, infectados por cepas de Trypanosoma cruzi y Blastocrithida triatomae (Trypanosomatidae). In: JORNADAS CIENTIFICAS DE LA SOC. BIOLOGIA DE CORDOBA, 6., Cordoba, 1990. p.36.

[5] 5. CANAVOSO, L.E. & RUBIOLO, E.R. - Lipophorin (HDLp) in vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 86 (suppl.1): 244, 1991.

[6] 6. CARNERO, R.A. & RUBIOLO, E.R. - Presencia de lipoproteínas en orina de diabéticos con nefropatías. Acta Bioquim. clin. lat. amer.., 23: 11-216, 1989.

[7] 7. CERISOLA, J.A.; DEL PRADO, C.E.; ROHWEDDER, R. & BOZZINI, J.P. - Blastocrithidia triatomae nsp found in Triatoma infestans from Argentina. J. Protozool., 18: 503-506, 1971.

[8] 8. CHAPMAN, M.J. - Animal lipoproteins: chemistry, structure and comparative aspects. J. Lipid Res., 21: 789-853,1980.

[9] 9. DAVIS, B.J. - Disk, electrophoresis. II. Method and aplication to human serum proteins. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 121: 404,1964.

[10] 10. EDELSTEIN, C. & SCANU, A.M. - Precautionary measures for collecting blood destined for lipoprotein isolation. Meth. Enzimol., 128: 151-155, 1986.

[11] 11. FERKOVICH, S.M.; GREANY, P.D. & DILLARD, C. - Changes in haemolymph proteins of the fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), associated with parasitism by the braconid parasitoid Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson). J. Insect Physiol., 29: 933-942, 1983.

[12] 12. FRINGS, C.S. & DUNN, R.T. - A colorimetric method for determination of total serum lipids based on the sulpho-phospho-vanillin reaction. Amer. J. Path., 3: 89-91, 1970.

[13] 13. GONDIM, K.C.; OLIVEIRA , P.L.; COELHO, H.S.L. & MASUDA, H. - Lipophorin from Rhodnius prolixus: purification and partial characterization. Insect. Biochem., 19: 153-161, 1989.

[14] 14. HAYAKAWA, Y. - Inhibition of lipid transpor in insects by a parasitic factor. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 87B: 279-283, 1987.

[15] 15. HORWOOD, M.A. & HALES, D.F. - Fat body changes in locust, Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker) (Orthoptera: Acrididae); parasitized by Nementrinid fly. Arch. Insect. Physiol., 17: 53-63, 1991.

[16] 16. INSAUSTI, T.C. - Ocellar pathways in Triatoma infestans. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 86 (suppl 1): 244, 1991.

[17] 17. KIMURA, M. & OTHA, T. - Proteins polimorfism as a phase of molecular evolution. Nature, 229: 4167-4169, 1971.

[18] 18. KRAMER, S. J. & DE KORT, C.A.D. - Juvenile hormone carrier lipoproteins in the hemolymph of the colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Insect. Biochem., 8: 87-92, 1978.

[19] 19. LAW, J.H. & WELLS, M.A. - Insects as biochemical model. J. biol. Chem., 264: 16335-16338, 1989.

[20] 20. LEHANE, M.J. & SCHOFIELD, C.J. - Preliminary report on flight by some triatomine bugs. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 70: 526, 1976.

[21] 21. LEHANE, M.J. & SCHOFIELD, C.J. - Flight initiation in Triatoma infestans (Klug) (Hemiptera:Reduviidae). Bull. ent. Res., 72: 497-510, 1982.

[22] 22. LOUGHTON, B. & WEST, A. - The development and distribution of hemolymph protein in Lepidoptera. J. Insect Physiol., 11: 911-932, 1965.

[23] 23. MISSELINNJ, G.; KARCHER, D.; DE KEYSER, F. & VAN SANDE, M. - Studies on hemolymph proteins of insects of medical importance by means of microelectrophoresis in agar gel. In: Protides of the biological fluids. Proceeding of the 7^th Colloquium Bruges, 1959. Peeters Ed. Amsterdam, Elsevier Publishing, 1960. p. 127-135.

[24] 24. PAZ, D.; GIMENEZ, H. & TOMATTS, M.E. - Hemolinfa de Triatoma infestans: cambios en volumen y proteínas totales despues de una ingesta. Chagas, 5: 23-28, 1988.

[25] 25. PERASSI, R. - Protein components of the haemolymph of triatomid bugs (Hemiptera:Reduviidae). Bol. chil. Parasit., 27: 74-80, 1972.

[26] 26. RYAN, R.O. - Dynamics of insect lipophorin metabolism. J. Lipid Res., 31: 1725-1739, 1990.

[27] 27. SCHAUB, J.A. - Development time and mortality in larvae of the reduviid bugs Triatoma infestans and Rhodnius prolixus after coprophagic infection with Blastocrithidia triatomae (Trypanosomatidae). J. invertebr. Path., 51: 23-31, 1988.

[28] 28. SCOTT, T.A. & MELVIN, E.H. - Determination of dextran with anthrone. Analyt. Chem., 25: 1656-1661, 1953.

[29] 29. SNEDECOR, G.W. & COCHRAN, W.G. - Statistical methods. Iowa. The Iowa State University Press, 1971.

[30] 30. TIERNO , M.A. & BRENNER, R.R. - Bioquímica del ciclo evolutivo del Triatoma infestans (Vinchuca). I. Composición de los lípidos y ácidos grasos. Acta physiol. lat. amer., 28: 41-52, 1978.

[31] 31. VAN SANDE, M. & KARCHER, D. - Species differentiation of insects by hemolymph electrophoresis. Science,131: 1103-1104, 1959.

[32] 32. WITMORE, E. & GILBERT, L.I. - Hemolymph proteins and lipoproteins in Lepidoptera: a comparative elctrophoretic study. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 47B: 63-78, 1974.

[33] 33. WIGGELESWORTH, V.B. - The principles of insect physiology. London, Chapman and Hall, 1970. Chap. 10, p. 426.

[34] 34. WYATT, G.R. & PAN, M.L. - Insect plasma proteins. Ann. Rev. Biochem., 47: 779-817, 1978.

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