Population dynamics and biting rhythm of the anthropophilic sandfly Lutzomyia cruciata (Diptera: Psychdidae) in Southeast, Mexico

Rebollar-Tellez, Eduardo A.; Reyes-Villanueva, Filiberto; Fernandez-Salas, Ildefonso; Andrade-Narvaez, Fernando J.

doi:10.1590/S0036-46651996000100006

Abstracts

Sandflies attracted by human bait were caught in an endemic focus of localized cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of Campeche, Mexico. Catches were carried out monthly from February 1994 to January 1995 between 18:00 and 22:00 h. Lutzomyia cruciata was the only species caught. The highest population peak of Lu. cruciata was found in March with lesser peaks in February, December 1994, and January 1995. Maximum biting rate of Lu. cruciata was found between 18:00 and 19:00 h. The host-seeking females of Lu. cruciata were directly related to levels of humidity between 88 and 100%. Low and high temperature had a negative effect upon Lu. cruciata activity. The possible role of Lu. cruciata as vector of leishmaniasis in the state of Campeche, Mexico is discussed.

Lutzomyia cruciata; Population dynamics; Transmission cycle; Diptera; Psychodidae

Flebótomos atraídos por cebo humano fueron colectados en un foco endémico de leishmaniais cutánea localizada en el estado de Campeche, México. Colectas fueron llevadas a cabo mensualmente de Febrero 1994 a Enero 1995 entre las 18:00 a 22:00 h. Lutzomyia cruciata fue la única especie capturada. El mayor pico poblacional fue encontrado en Marzo con picos similares en Febrero, Diciembre 1994 y Enero 1995. La tasa máxima de picadura de Lu. cruciata estuvo comprendida entre 18:00 a 19:00 h. Las hembras hambientas de Lu. cruciata, fueron directamente relacionadas con niveles de humedad relativa entre 88 a 100%. Bajas y altas temperaturas tuvieron un efecto negativo sobre la actividad de Lu. cruciata. Se discute el posible papel de Lu. cruciata como vector de leishmaniasis en el estado de Campeche, México.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

Population dynamics and biting rhythm of the anthropophilic sandfly Lutzomyia cruciata (Diptera: Psychdidae) in Southeast, Mexico

Dinámica poblacional y ritmo de picadura de la papalotilla antropofílica Lutzomyia cruciata (Diptera: Psychodidae) en el sureste de México

Eduardo A. Rebollar-Tellez^I; Filiberto Reyes-Villanueva^II; Ildefonso Fernandez-Salas^II; Fernando J. Andrade-Narvaez^I

^IDepto. Inmunologia, CIR Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Apdo. Postal 2-1277. Mérida, Yucatán 97240, México

^IILab. Entomología Médica, Fac. Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Apdo. Postal 109-F, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León 66451, México

^{Correspondence to} Correspondence to: Eduardo A. Rebollar-Téllez Departamento de Inmunologia CIR Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatan Apartado Postal 2-1277, Mérida, Yucatán 97240 México

SUMMARY

Sandflies attracted by human bait were caught in an endemic focus of localized cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of Campeche, Mexico. Catches were carried out monthly from February 1994 to January 1995 between 18:00 and 22:00 h. Lutzomyia cruciata was the only species caught. The highest population peak of Lu. cruciata was found in March with lesser peaks in February, December 1994, and January 1995. Maximum biting rate of Lu. cruciata was found between 18:00 and 19:00 h. The host-seeking females of Lu. cruciata were directly related to levels of humidity between 88 and 100%. Low and high temperature had a negative effect upon Lu. cruciata activity. The possible role of Lu. cruciata as vector of leishmaniasis in the state of Campeche, Mexico is discussed.

Keywords:Lutzomyia cruciata; Population dynamics; Transmission cycle; Diptera; Psychodidae.

RESUMO

Flebótomos atraídos por cebo humano fueron colectados en un foco endémico de leishmaniais cutánea localizada en el estado de Campeche, México. Colectas fueron llevadas a cabo mensualmente de Febrero 1994 a Enero 1995 entre las 18:00 a 22:00 h. Lutzomyia cruciata fue la única especie capturada. El mayor pico poblacional fue encontrado en Marzo con picos similares en Febrero, Diciembre 1994 y Enero 1995. La tasa máxima de picadura de Lu. cruciata estuvo comprendida entre 18:00 a 19:00 h. Las hembras hambientas de Lu. cruciata, fueron directamente relacionadas con niveles de humedad relativa entre 88 a 100%. Bajas y altas temperaturas tuvieron un efecto negativo sobre la actividad de Lu. cruciata. Se discute el posible papel de Lu. cruciata como vector de leishmaniasis en el estado de Campeche, México.

Full text available only in PDF format.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The authors wish to thank the inhabitants of La Libertad, Campeche, Mexico for their hospitality. The senior writer wishes to thank N. Van Wynsberghe for reading and correcting an early draft of this paper. This investigation received financial support from UNDP/WORLD BANK/WHO Special Programme for Research in Tropical Diseases (TDR) ID 900248.

Recebido para publicação em 19/09/1995.

Aceito para publicação em 27/12/1995.

1. ALBERTOS, A.N.E.; VARGAS, G.A.; CANTO, L.S. & ANDRADE, F.J. - Indice endémico para leishmaniasis cutánea localizada en Campeche, Mexico. In: CONGRESO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACIÓN EN SALUD PÚBLICA, 6, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 1995.
2. ANDRADE-NARVAEZ, F.J.; ALBERTOS-ALPUCHE, N.E.; CANTO-LARA, S.B. et al. - Risk factors associated with cutaneous leishmaniasis infection and disease in the state of Campeche, Peninsula of Yucatan, México. In: WIJEYARATNE, P.; GOODMAN, T. & ESPINAL, C., ed. Leishmaniasis control strategies: a critical evaluation of IDRC. Supported research. Canada.
3. ANDRADE, F.J.; VAN WYNSBERGHE, N.R.; CANTO, S.B.; NAVARRO, C. & CHABLE, J. - Chiclero's ulcer (Mex LCL) forty years later, 1953-1993. Dynamics of transmission. In: INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF PARASITOLOGY, 8, Izmir, Turkey, 1994.
4. BELTRAN, E. & BUSTAMANTE, M.E. - Datos epidemiológicos acerca de la úlcera de los chicleros (Leishmaniasis americana) en México. Rev. Inst. Salubr. Enferm. trop., (Méx.) 3: 1-28, 1942.
5. BIAGI, F. & BIAGI, A.M. - Datos ecológicos de algunos flebótomos mexicanos (Diptera: Psychodidae). An. Inst. Biol. (Méx.), 24: 445-450, 1953.
6. BIAGI, F.F.; De BIAGI, A.M. & BELTRAN, F. - Phlebotomus flaviscutellatus, transmisor natural de Leishmania mexicana. Pren. méd. mex., 30: 267-272, 1965.
7. BIAGI, F.; De BIAGI, A.M. & BELTRAN, F. - Actividad horaria de Phlebotomus antropofilicos en la Peninsula de Yucatan. Rev. Invest. Salud. públ. (Méx.), 26: 73-77, 1966.
8. CHABLE-SANTOS, J.B.; VAN WYNSBERGHE, N.R.; CANTO-LARA, S.B. & ANDRADE-NARVAEZ, F.J. - Isolation of Leishmania (L.) mexicana from wild rodents and their possible role in the transmission of localized cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of Campeche, Mexico. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 53: 141-145, 1995.
9. CRUZ-RUIZ, A.L.; GARCIA-REJON, J.; MANRIQUE-SAIDE, P. & PEREZ-MOTUL, J. - Taxonomical identification of anthropophilic species in Quintana Roo, Peninsula of Yucatan, Mexico. Rev. Biomed., 5: 127-131, 1994.
10. DANIEL, W.W. - Bioestadística. Base para el análisis de las ciencias de la salud. 3. ed. México, D. F., Editorial Limusa, 1987.
11. DISNEY, R.H. - Observations on a zoonosis: leishmaniasis in British Honduras. J. appl. Ecol., 5: 1-59, 1968.
12. FLORES, J.S. & ESPEJEL, I. - Tipos de vegetación de la Peninsula de Yucatan. Etnoflora Yucatanense, (3), 1994.
13. FORATTINI, O.P. - Entomologia Medica. IV. Psychodidae. Phlebotomine. Leishmaniases. Bartonelose. Săo Paulo. Edgar Blücher, 1973.
14. GRIMALDI, G. & TESH, R.B. - Leishmaniases of the New World: current concepts and implications for future research. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 6: 230-250, 1993.
15. KLEINBAUM, D.G.; KUPPER, L.L. & MULLER, K.E. - Applied regression analysis and other multivariate methods. 2. ed. Boston, PWS-Kent Publ., 1978.
16. MARINKELLE, C.J. - The control of leishmaniases. Bull. Wld. Hlth. Org., 58: 807-818, 1980.
17. RAMIREZ-FRAIRE, A. - Estudio de las poblaciones de Lutzomyia spp. (Diptera: Psychodidae), su variación mensual y actividad horaria en la zona de la Libertad, municipio de Escarcega, Campeche, Mexico. (Thesis Biologist, University of Yucatan) 1992. (unpublished).
18. ROWTON, E.; De MATA, M.; RIZZO, N.; NAVIN, T. & PORTER, C. - Vectors of Leishmania brasiliensis in the Peten Guatemala. Parasitologia, 33 (suppl. 1): 501-504, 1991.
19. SEIDELIN, H. - Leishmaniasis and babesiasis in Yucatan. Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 6: 295-299, 1912.
²⁰
WHO - The Leishmaniasis. Report of a WHO expert committee. Wld. Hlth. Org. techn. Rep. Ser. (701), 1984.
21. WILLIAMS, P. - Phlebotomine sandflies and leishmaniasis in British Honduras (Belize). Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 64: 317-368, 1970.
22. YOUNG, D.G. & DUNCAN, M.D. - Guide to the identification and geographic distribution of Lutzomyia sand flies in Mexico, the West Indies, central and South America (Diptera: Psychodidae). Gainsville, Associated Press of the Entomological Institute, 1994. (Mem. Am. Entomol. Inst. 5).
23. ZELEDON, R. & MURILLO, J. - Anthropophilic sandflies of Nicaragua, Central America. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 77: 280-281, 1983.

Correspondence to:

Eduardo A. Rebollar-Téllez

Departamento de Inmunologia CIR Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatan

Apartado Postal 2-1277, Mérida, Yucatán 97240 México

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
22 Sept 2006
Date of issue
Feb 1996

History

Received
19 Sept 1995
Accepted
27 Dec 1995

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. ALBERTOS, A.N.E.; VARGAS, G.A.; CANTO, L.S. & ANDRADE, F.J. - Indice endémico para leishmaniasis cutánea localizada en Campeche, Mexico. In: CONGRESO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACIÓN EN SALUD PÚBLICA, 6, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 1995.

[2] 2. ANDRADE-NARVAEZ, F.J.; ALBERTOS-ALPUCHE, N.E.; CANTO-LARA, S.B. et al. - Risk factors associated with cutaneous leishmaniasis infection and disease in the state of Campeche, Peninsula of Yucatan, México. In: WIJEYARATNE, P.; GOODMAN, T. & ESPINAL, C., ed. Leishmaniasis control strategies: a critical evaluation of IDRC. Supported research. Canada.

[3] 3. ANDRADE, F.J.; VAN WYNSBERGHE, N.R.; CANTO, S.B.; NAVARRO, C. & CHABLE, J. - Chiclero's ulcer (Mex LCL) forty years later, 1953-1993. Dynamics of transmission. In: INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF PARASITOLOGY, 8, Izmir, Turkey, 1994.

[4] 4. BELTRAN, E. & BUSTAMANTE, M.E. - Datos epidemiológicos acerca de la úlcera de los chicleros (Leishmaniasis americana) en México. Rev. Inst. Salubr. Enferm. trop., (Méx.) 3: 1-28, 1942.

[5] 5. BIAGI, F. & BIAGI, A.M. - Datos ecológicos de algunos flebótomos mexicanos (Diptera: Psychodidae). An. Inst. Biol. (Méx.), 24: 445-450, 1953.

[6] 6. BIAGI, F.F.; De BIAGI, A.M. & BELTRAN, F. - Phlebotomus flaviscutellatus, transmisor natural de Leishmania mexicana. Pren. méd. mex., 30: 267-272, 1965.

[7] 7. BIAGI, F.; De BIAGI, A.M. & BELTRAN, F. - Actividad horaria de Phlebotomus antropofilicos en la Peninsula de Yucatan. Rev. Invest. Salud. públ. (Méx.), 26: 73-77, 1966.

[8] 8. CHABLE-SANTOS, J.B.; VAN WYNSBERGHE, N.R.; CANTO-LARA, S.B. & ANDRADE-NARVAEZ, F.J. - Isolation of Leishmania (L.) mexicana from wild rodents and their possible role in the transmission of localized cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of Campeche, Mexico. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 53: 141-145, 1995.

[9] 9. CRUZ-RUIZ, A.L.; GARCIA-REJON, J.; MANRIQUE-SAIDE, P. & PEREZ-MOTUL, J. - Taxonomical identification of anthropophilic species in Quintana Roo, Peninsula of Yucatan, Mexico. Rev. Biomed., 5: 127-131, 1994.

[10] 10. DANIEL, W.W. - Bioestadística. Base para el análisis de las ciencias de la salud. 3. ed. México, D. F., Editorial Limusa, 1987.

[11] 11. DISNEY, R.H. - Observations on a zoonosis: leishmaniasis in British Honduras. J. appl. Ecol., 5: 1-59, 1968.

[12] 12. FLORES, J.S. & ESPEJEL, I. - Tipos de vegetación de la Peninsula de Yucatan. Etnoflora Yucatanense, (3), 1994.

[13] 13. FORATTINI, O.P. - Entomologia Medica. IV. Psychodidae. Phlebotomine. Leishmaniases. Bartonelose. Săo Paulo. Edgar Blücher, 1973.

[14] 14. GRIMALDI, G. & TESH, R.B. - Leishmaniases of the New World: current concepts and implications for future research. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 6: 230-250, 1993.

[15] 15. KLEINBAUM, D.G.; KUPPER, L.L. & MULLER, K.E. - Applied regression analysis and other multivariate methods. 2. ed. Boston, PWS-Kent Publ., 1978.

[16] 16. MARINKELLE, C.J. - The control of leishmaniases. Bull. Wld. Hlth. Org., 58: 807-818, 1980.

[17] 17. RAMIREZ-FRAIRE, A. - Estudio de las poblaciones de Lutzomyia spp. (Diptera: Psychodidae), su variación mensual y actividad horaria en la zona de la Libertad, municipio de Escarcega, Campeche, Mexico. (Thesis Biologist, University of Yucatan) 1992. (unpublished).

[18] 18. ROWTON, E.; De MATA, M.; RIZZO, N.; NAVIN, T. & PORTER, C. - Vectors of Leishmania brasiliensis in the Peten Guatemala. Parasitologia, 33 (suppl. 1): 501-504, 1991.

[19] 19. SEIDELIN, H. - Leishmaniasis and babesiasis in Yucatan. Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 6: 295-299, 1912.

[20] ²⁰
WHO - The Leishmaniasis. Report of a WHO expert committee. Wld. Hlth. Org. techn. Rep. Ser. (701), 1984.

[21] 21. WILLIAMS, P. - Phlebotomine sandflies and leishmaniasis in British Honduras (Belize). Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 64: 317-368, 1970.

[22] 22. YOUNG, D.G. & DUNCAN, M.D. - Guide to the identification and geographic distribution of Lutzomyia sand flies in Mexico, the West Indies, central and South America (Diptera: Psychodidae). Gainsville, Associated Press of the Entomological Institute, 1994. (Mem. Am. Entomol. Inst. 5).

[23] 23. ZELEDON, R. & MURILLO, J. - Anthropophilic sandflies of Nicaragua, Central America. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 77: 280-281, 1983.

Brasil