Effect of scorpion toxin on the enterochromaffin-like cells in normal and Trypanosoma cruzi-infected rats: a morphological study

Toppa, N. H.; Leite, V. H. R.; Barbosa, A. J. A.; Chiari, E.; Gonzaga, H. M. S.; Freire-Maia, L.; Cunha-Melo, J. R.

doi:10.1590/S0036-46651989000100002

Abstracts

Intravenous injection of scorpion toxin (Tityus serrulatus) in normal and Trypanosoma cruzi infected rats did not cause ultrastructural morphologic changes on enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells of the stomach, although it induced a significant increase of the gastric secretion. Our data seem to indicate that gastric ECL cells structure is not affected by stimulation with scorpion toxin or by acute infection with T. cruzi in the rat.

Enterochromaffin-like cells; scorpion toxin; Trypanosoma cruzi; rat; gastric secretion

A injeção intravenosa de toxina escorpiônica (Tityus serrulatus) em ratos normais e infectados pelo Trypanosoma cruzi não causou alterações morfológicas ultra-estruturáis das células enterocromaflns-like (ECL) do estómago, embora tenha induzido a aumento significativo da secreção do suco gástrico. Nossos resultados parecem indicar que a estrutura das células ECL do estómago de ratos não é afetada pela estimulação com a toxina escorpiônica ou pela infecção aguda pelo T. cruzi.

ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Effect of scorpion toxin on the enterochromaffin-like cells in normal and Trypanosoma cruzi-infected rats: a morphological study(¹ Address for correspondence: Dr. Nivaldo H. Toppa Faculdade de Medicinada UFMG Departamento de Anatomia Patológica e Medicina Legal Av. Alfredo Balena, 190 CEP 30130 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil )

Efeito da toxina escorpiônica sobre as células enterocromafins-like de ratos normáis e infectados pelo Trypanosoma cruzi

N. H. Toppa^I; V. H. R. Leite^I; A. J. A. Barbosa^I; E. Chiari^II; H. M. S. Gonzaga^II; L. Freire-Maia^II; J. R. Cunha-Melo^III

^IDepartamento de Anatomia Patológica e Medicina Legal da Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

^IIInstituto de Ciências Biológicas da UFMG. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

^IIIDepartamento de Cirurgia da Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

^{Address for correspondence} Address for correspondence: Dr. Nivaldo H. Toppa Faculdade de Medicinada UFMG Departamento de Anatomia Patológica e Medicina Legal Av. Alfredo Balena, 190 CEP 30130 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

SUMMARY

Intravenous injection of scorpion toxin (Tityus serrulatus) in normal and Trypanosoma cruzi infected rats did not cause ultrastructural morphologic changes on enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells of the stomach, although it induced a significant increase of the gastric secretion.

Our data seem to indicate that gastric ECL cells structure is not affected by stimulation with scorpion toxin or by acute infection with T. cruzi in the rat.

Key words: Enterochromaffin-like cells; scorpion toxin; Trypanosoma cruzi; rat; gastric secretion.

RESUMO

A injeção intravenosa de toxina escorpiônica (Tityus serrulatus) em ratos normais e infectados pelo Trypanosoma cruzi não causou alterações morfológicas ultra-estruturáis das células enterocromaflns-like (ECL) do estómago, embora tenha induzido a aumento significativo da secreção do suco gástrico.

Nossos resultados parecem indicar que a estrutura das células ECL do estómago de ratos não é afetada pela estimulação com a toxina escorpiônica ou pela infecção aguda pelo T. cruzi.

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1. ALMEIDA, A. P.; GOBBI, H.; TOPPA, N. H.; CHIARI, E.; GONZAGA, H. M. S.; GOMEZ, M. V.; FREIRE-MAIA, L. & CUNHA-MELO, J. R. - Gastric Acetylcholine and histamine content in normal and Trypanosoma cruzi-infected rats. Braz. J. med. biol. Res., (submitted).
2. ANSON, M. L. - The stimulation of pepsin, trypsin, papain and cathepsin with hemoglobin. J. gen. Physiol. 22: 79-89, 1938.
3. AURES, D. W. & HAKANSON, R. - Histidine decarboxylase and DOPA decarboxylase in the stomach of developing rat. Experientia, 24: 666-667, 1968.
4. AURES, D. W.; HAKANSON, R. & SCHAUER, A. - Histidine decarboxylase and DOPA decarboxylase in the rat stomach. Properties and cellular localization. Europ. J. Pharmacol., 3: 217-234, 1968.
5. BEAVEN, M. A. - Factors regulating availability of histamine at tissue receptors. In: GANELLIN, G. R. & PARSONS, M. E., ed. - Pharmacology of histamine receptors Bristol Wright PSG, 1982. cap. 3, p. 103-145.
6. BERSTAD, A. - A modified hemoglobin substrate method for the stimulation of pepsin on gastric juice. Scand J. Gastroent., 5: 343-348, 1970.
7. CAPELLA, C; VASSALLO, G. & SOLCIA, E. - Light and electron microscopic identification of the histamine-storing argyrophil (ECL) cell in murine stomach and of its equivalent in others mammals. Z. Zellforsch., 118: 68-84, 1971.
8. COOK, R. & BURNSTOCK, G. - The ultrastructure of Auerbach's plexus in the guinea-pig. I. Neuronal elements. J. Neurocytol., 5: 171-194, 1976.
9. CUNHA-MELO, J. R.; GONZAGA, H. M. S.; ALZAMORA, F. & FREIRE-MAIA, L. - Effects of purified scorpion toxin (tityustoxin) on gastric secretion in the rat. Toxicon, 21: 843-848, 1983.
10. CUNHA-MELO, J. R. - Efeito da toxina purificada do escorpião Tityus serrulatus (tityustoxina) sobre a secreção gástrica de ratos normais e chagásicos Belo Horizonte, 1985. (Tese de doutoramento - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais).
11. CUNHA-MELO, J. R.; ALMEIDA, A. P.; GONZAGA, H. M. S.; GOMEZ, M. V. & FREIRE-MAIA, L. - Effect of scorpion toxin on gastric histamine and acetylcholine content in the rat. Braz. J. med. biol. Res., 20: 393-401,, 1987.
12. FORSMANN, W. G.; ORCI, L.; PICTET, R.; RENOLD, A. E. & ROVILLER, C. - The endocrine cells in the epithelium of the gastrintestinal mucosa of the rat. J. Cell. Biol., 40: 692-715, 1969.
13. FREIRE-MAIA, L.; CUNHA-MELO, J. R.; FUTURONE-TO, H. A.; AZEVEDO, A. D. & WEINBERG, J. - Cholinergic and adrenergic effects of tityustoxin. Gen. Pharmacol. 7: 115-121, 1976.
14. FREIRE-MAIA, L.; ALMEIDA, H. O.; CUNHA-MELO, J. R.; AZEVEDO, A. D. & BARROSO, J. - Mechanism of the pulmonary edema induced by intravenous injection of the scorpion toxin in the rat. Agents and Actions, 8: 113-118, 1978.
15. GABELLA, G. - Structure of the autonomic nervous system. London, Chapman and Hall, 1976.
16. GONZAGA, H. M. S.; ALZAMORA, F.; CUNHA-MELO. J. R. & FREIRE-MAIA, L. - Gastric secretion induced by scorpion toxin. Toxicon, 17: 316-318, 1979.
17. GONZAGA, H. M. S. - Ação da tityustoxina sobre a secreção gástrica "in vitro" e "in vivo" Belo Horizonte, 1980. (Dissertação de mestrado - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais).
18. HAKANSON, R. & OWMAN, Ch. - Concomitant histo-chemical demonstration of histamine and catecholamine in enterochromaffln-like cells of gastric mucosa. Life Sci., 6: 759-766, 1967.
19. HAKANSON, R.; OWMAN, Ch. & SJOBERG, N. O. - Cellular store of gastric histamine in the developing rat. Life Sci., 6: 2535 2543, 1967.
20. HAKANSON, R. & LIEDBERG, G. - The role of endogenous gastrin in the activation of gastric histidine decarboxylase in the rat. Effect of antrectomy and vagal denervation. Europ. J. Pharmacol., 12: 94-103, 1970.
21. HAKANSON, R.; OWMAN, Ch.; SPORRONG, B. & SUNDLER, F. - Electron microscopic identification of histamine-storing argyrophil (enterochromaffin-like) cells in the rat stomach. Z. Zellforsch., 122: 460-466, 1971.
22. HAKANSON, R.; LARSSON, L. I. & SUNDLER, F. - Endocrine-like cells in rat stomach: effects of 6-hydroxydopa on amine acid decarboxylase activities. A chemical, fluorescence histochemical and electron microscopic study. J. Pharmacol, exp. Ther., 191: 92-101, 1974.
23. HAKANSON, R.; LARSSON, L. I.; LIEDBERG, G.; OS-CARSON, I.; SUNDLER, F. & VANG, J. - Effects of antrectomy and portal shunting on the histamine-storing endocrine-like cells in oxyntic mucosa of rat stomach. A fluorescence, histochemical, electron microscopic and chemical study. J. Physiol., 259: 785-800, 1976.
24. KUBOTA, H.; TAGUCHI, Y.; TOHYAMA, M.; MATSU-RA, N.; SHIOSAKA, S.; ISHIHARA, T.; WATANABE, T.; SHIOTANI, Y. & WADA, H. - Electron microscopic identification of histidine decarboxylase-containing endocrine cells of the rat gastric mucosa. An immunohisto-chemical analysis. Gastroenterology, 87: 496-502, 1984.
25. LUNDELL, L. - The role of cholinergic excitation in the formation of histamine within the rat gastric mucosa. Acta physiol scand., 97: 145-149, 1976.
26. MACHADO, A. B. M.; MACHADO, C. R. S. & GOMES, C. B. - Depletion of heart norepinephrine in experimental acute myocarditis caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. Experientia, 31: 1202-1205, 1975.
27. MACHADO, C. R. S.; MACHADO, A. B. M. & CHIARI, C. A. - Recovery from heart norepinephrine depletion in experimental Chagas disease. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 27: 20-24, 1978.
28. MACHADO, A. B. M.; MACHADO, C. R. S. & GOMEZ, M. V. - Trypanosoma cruzi acetylcholine content and cholinergic innervation of the heart in rats. Exp. Parasit., 47: 107-115, 1979.
29. PEARSE, A. G. E. & TAKER, T. T. - Neuroendocrine embriology and the APUD concept. Clin. Endocr., 5 (suppl.): 229-280, 1976.
30. RUBIN, W. & SCHWARTZ, B. - An electron microscopic radioautographic identification of the "enterochromaffin-like" APUD cells in murine oxintic glands. Demonstration of a metabolic difference between rat and mouse gastric A-like cells. Gastroenterology, 76: 437-449, 1979a.
31. RUBIN, W. & SCHWARTZ, B. - Electron microscopic radioautographic identification of the ECL cells as the histamine-synthetizing endocrine cell in rat stomach. Gastroenterology, 77: 456-467, 1979b.
32. RUBIN, W. & SCHWARTZ, B. - Identification of the sero-tonin-synthetizing endocrine cells in the rat stomach by electron microscopic radioautographic and amine flúores cence. Gastroenterology, 84: 34-50, 1983.
33. SANO, M.; HOLAN, O.; BOMBECK, T.; NYHUS, L. M. & DAS GUPTA, T. K. - Effect of acetylcholine and catecholamines on the enterochromaffin-like cells of the stomach. Surg. Gynec. Obstet., 153: 337-340, 1981.
34. SOLCIA, E.; CAPELLA, C; VASSALLO, G. & BUFFA, R. - Endocrine cells of the gastric mucosa. Int. Rev. Cytol., 42: 223-286, 1975.
35. SOLL, A. H.; LEWIN, K. J. & BEAVEN, M. A. - Isolation of histamine-containing cells from rat gastric mucosa: biochemical and morphological differences from mast cells. Gastroenterology, 80: 717-727, 1981.
36. TAFURI, W. L. - Pathogenesis of lesions of the autonomic nervous system of the mouse in experimental acute Chagas disease: light and electron microscope studies. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 19: 405-417, 1970.
37. TAFURI, W. L. - Light and electron microscope studies of the autonomic nervous system in experimental and human american trypanosomyasis. Virchows Arch. Abt. A. path. Anat., 376: 353-360, 1971.
38. TAFURI, W. L. - Alterações ultra-estruturais dos componentes muscular, intersticial e nervoso do coração, esofago e intestino na Doença de Chagas experimental e humana. Belo Horizonte, 1974. (Tese de Professor-Titular - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais).
39. THUNBERG, R. - Localization of cells containing and forming histamine in the gastric mucosa of the rat. Exp. Cell. Res., 47: 108-115, 1967.
40. VASSALLO, G.; SOLCIA, E. & CAPELLA, C. - Light and electron microscopic identification of several types of endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal mucosa of the cat. Z. Zellforsch, 98: 333-356, 1969.

Address for correspondence:

Dr. Nivaldo H. Toppa

Faculdade de Medicinada UFMG

Departamento de Anatomia Patológica e Medicina Legal

Av. Alfredo Balena, 190

CEP 30130 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
18 Feb 2011
Date of issue
Feb 1989

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. ALMEIDA, A. P.; GOBBI, H.; TOPPA, N. H.; CHIARI, E.; GONZAGA, H. M. S.; GOMEZ, M. V.; FREIRE-MAIA, L. & CUNHA-MELO, J. R. - Gastric Acetylcholine and histamine content in normal and Trypanosoma cruzi-infected rats. Braz. J. med. biol. Res., (submitted).

[2] 2. ANSON, M. L. - The stimulation of pepsin, trypsin, papain and cathepsin with hemoglobin. J. gen. Physiol. 22: 79-89, 1938.

[3] 3. AURES, D. W. & HAKANSON, R. - Histidine decarboxylase and DOPA decarboxylase in the stomach of developing rat. Experientia, 24: 666-667, 1968.

[4] 4. AURES, D. W.; HAKANSON, R. & SCHAUER, A. - Histidine decarboxylase and DOPA decarboxylase in the rat stomach. Properties and cellular localization. Europ. J. Pharmacol., 3: 217-234, 1968.

[5] 5. BEAVEN, M. A. - Factors regulating availability of histamine at tissue receptors. In: GANELLIN, G. R. & PARSONS, M. E., ed. - Pharmacology of histamine receptors Bristol Wright PSG, 1982. cap. 3, p. 103-145.

[6] 6. BERSTAD, A. - A modified hemoglobin substrate method for the stimulation of pepsin on gastric juice. Scand J. Gastroent., 5: 343-348, 1970.

[7] 7. CAPELLA, C; VASSALLO, G. & SOLCIA, E. - Light and electron microscopic identification of the histamine-storing argyrophil (ECL) cell in murine stomach and of its equivalent in others mammals. Z. Zellforsch., 118: 68-84, 1971.

[8] 8. COOK, R. & BURNSTOCK, G. - The ultrastructure of Auerbach's plexus in the guinea-pig. I. Neuronal elements. J. Neurocytol., 5: 171-194, 1976.

[9] 9. CUNHA-MELO, J. R.; GONZAGA, H. M. S.; ALZAMORA, F. & FREIRE-MAIA, L. - Effects of purified scorpion toxin (tityustoxin) on gastric secretion in the rat. Toxicon, 21: 843-848, 1983.

[10] 10. CUNHA-MELO, J. R. - Efeito da toxina purificada do escorpião Tityus serrulatus (tityustoxina) sobre a secreção gástrica de ratos normais e chagásicos Belo Horizonte, 1985. (Tese de doutoramento - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais).

[11] 11. CUNHA-MELO, J. R.; ALMEIDA, A. P.; GONZAGA, H. M. S.; GOMEZ, M. V. & FREIRE-MAIA, L. - Effect of scorpion toxin on gastric histamine and acetylcholine content in the rat. Braz. J. med. biol. Res., 20: 393-401,, 1987.

[12] 12. FORSMANN, W. G.; ORCI, L.; PICTET, R.; RENOLD, A. E. & ROVILLER, C. - The endocrine cells in the epithelium of the gastrintestinal mucosa of the rat. J. Cell. Biol., 40: 692-715, 1969.

[13] 13. FREIRE-MAIA, L.; CUNHA-MELO, J. R.; FUTURONE-TO, H. A.; AZEVEDO, A. D. & WEINBERG, J. - Cholinergic and adrenergic effects of tityustoxin. Gen. Pharmacol. 7: 115-121, 1976.

[14] 14. FREIRE-MAIA, L.; ALMEIDA, H. O.; CUNHA-MELO, J. R.; AZEVEDO, A. D. & BARROSO, J. - Mechanism of the pulmonary edema induced by intravenous injection of the scorpion toxin in the rat. Agents and Actions, 8: 113-118, 1978.

[15] 15. GABELLA, G. - Structure of the autonomic nervous system. London, Chapman and Hall, 1976.

[16] 16. GONZAGA, H. M. S.; ALZAMORA, F.; CUNHA-MELO. J. R. & FREIRE-MAIA, L. - Gastric secretion induced by scorpion toxin. Toxicon, 17: 316-318, 1979.

[17] 17. GONZAGA, H. M. S. - Ação da tityustoxina sobre a secreção gástrica "in vitro" e "in vivo" Belo Horizonte, 1980. (Dissertação de mestrado - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais).

[18] 18. HAKANSON, R. & OWMAN, Ch. - Concomitant histo-chemical demonstration of histamine and catecholamine in enterochromaffln-like cells of gastric mucosa. Life Sci., 6: 759-766, 1967.

[19] 19. HAKANSON, R.; OWMAN, Ch. & SJOBERG, N. O. - Cellular store of gastric histamine in the developing rat. Life Sci., 6: 2535 2543, 1967.

[20] 20. HAKANSON, R. & LIEDBERG, G. - The role of endogenous gastrin in the activation of gastric histidine decarboxylase in the rat. Effect of antrectomy and vagal denervation. Europ. J. Pharmacol., 12: 94-103, 1970.

[21] 21. HAKANSON, R.; OWMAN, Ch.; SPORRONG, B. & SUNDLER, F. - Electron microscopic identification of histamine-storing argyrophil (enterochromaffin-like) cells in the rat stomach. Z. Zellforsch., 122: 460-466, 1971.

[22] 22. HAKANSON, R.; LARSSON, L. I. & SUNDLER, F. - Endocrine-like cells in rat stomach: effects of 6-hydroxydopa on amine acid decarboxylase activities. A chemical, fluorescence histochemical and electron microscopic study. J. Pharmacol, exp. Ther., 191: 92-101, 1974.

[23] 23. HAKANSON, R.; LARSSON, L. I.; LIEDBERG, G.; OS-CARSON, I.; SUNDLER, F. & VANG, J. - Effects of antrectomy and portal shunting on the histamine-storing endocrine-like cells in oxyntic mucosa of rat stomach. A fluorescence, histochemical, electron microscopic and chemical study. J. Physiol., 259: 785-800, 1976.

[24] 24. KUBOTA, H.; TAGUCHI, Y.; TOHYAMA, M.; MATSU-RA, N.; SHIOSAKA, S.; ISHIHARA, T.; WATANABE, T.; SHIOTANI, Y. & WADA, H. - Electron microscopic identification of histidine decarboxylase-containing endocrine cells of the rat gastric mucosa. An immunohisto-chemical analysis. Gastroenterology, 87: 496-502, 1984.

[25] 25. LUNDELL, L. - The role of cholinergic excitation in the formation of histamine within the rat gastric mucosa. Acta physiol scand., 97: 145-149, 1976.

[26] 26. MACHADO, A. B. M.; MACHADO, C. R. S. & GOMES, C. B. - Depletion of heart norepinephrine in experimental acute myocarditis caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. Experientia, 31: 1202-1205, 1975.

[27] 27. MACHADO, C. R. S.; MACHADO, A. B. M. & CHIARI, C. A. - Recovery from heart norepinephrine depletion in experimental Chagas disease. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 27: 20-24, 1978.

[28] 28. MACHADO, A. B. M.; MACHADO, C. R. S. & GOMEZ, M. V. - Trypanosoma cruzi acetylcholine content and cholinergic innervation of the heart in rats. Exp. Parasit., 47: 107-115, 1979.

[29] 29. PEARSE, A. G. E. & TAKER, T. T. - Neuroendocrine embriology and the APUD concept. Clin. Endocr., 5 (suppl.): 229-280, 1976.

[30] 30. RUBIN, W. & SCHWARTZ, B. - An electron microscopic radioautographic identification of the "enterochromaffin-like" APUD cells in murine oxintic glands. Demonstration of a metabolic difference between rat and mouse gastric A-like cells. Gastroenterology, 76: 437-449, 1979a.

[31] 31. RUBIN, W. & SCHWARTZ, B. - Electron microscopic radioautographic identification of the ECL cells as the histamine-synthetizing endocrine cell in rat stomach. Gastroenterology, 77: 456-467, 1979b.

[32] 32. RUBIN, W. & SCHWARTZ, B. - Identification of the sero-tonin-synthetizing endocrine cells in the rat stomach by electron microscopic radioautographic and amine flúores cence. Gastroenterology, 84: 34-50, 1983.

[33] 33. SANO, M.; HOLAN, O.; BOMBECK, T.; NYHUS, L. M. & DAS GUPTA, T. K. - Effect of acetylcholine and catecholamines on the enterochromaffin-like cells of the stomach. Surg. Gynec. Obstet., 153: 337-340, 1981.

[34] 34. SOLCIA, E.; CAPELLA, C; VASSALLO, G. & BUFFA, R. - Endocrine cells of the gastric mucosa. Int. Rev. Cytol., 42: 223-286, 1975.

[35] 35. SOLL, A. H.; LEWIN, K. J. & BEAVEN, M. A. - Isolation of histamine-containing cells from rat gastric mucosa: biochemical and morphological differences from mast cells. Gastroenterology, 80: 717-727, 1981.

[36] 36. TAFURI, W. L. - Pathogenesis of lesions of the autonomic nervous system of the mouse in experimental acute Chagas disease: light and electron microscope studies. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 19: 405-417, 1970.

[37] 37. TAFURI, W. L. - Light and electron microscope studies of the autonomic nervous system in experimental and human american trypanosomyasis. Virchows Arch. Abt. A. path. Anat., 376: 353-360, 1971.

[38] 38. TAFURI, W. L. - Alterações ultra-estruturais dos componentes muscular, intersticial e nervoso do coração, esofago e intestino na Doença de Chagas experimental e humana. Belo Horizonte, 1974. (Tese de Professor-Titular - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais).

[39] 39. THUNBERG, R. - Localization of cells containing and forming histamine in the gastric mucosa of the rat. Exp. Cell. Res., 47: 108-115, 1967.

[40] 40. VASSALLO, G.; SOLCIA, E. & CAPELLA, C. - Light and electron microscopic identification of several types of endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal mucosa of the cat. Z. Zellforsch, 98: 333-356, 1969.

Brasil

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Effect of scorpion toxin on the enterochromaffin-like cells in normal and Trypanosoma cruzi-infected rats: a morphological study

Efeito da toxina escorpiônica sobre as células enterocromafins-like de ratos normáis e infectados pelo Trypanosoma cruzi

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