Peritonitis and catheter exit-site infection in patients on peritoneal dialysis at home

Abud, Ana Cristina Freire; Kusumota, Luciana; Santos, Manoel Antônio dos; Rodrigues, Flávia Fernanda Luchetti; Damasceno, Marta Maria Coelho; Zanetti, Maria Lúcia

doi:10.1590/0104-1169.0413.2630

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Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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Original Articles • Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 23 (5) • Sep-Oct 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.0413.2630 copy

Peritonitis and catheter exit-site infection in patients on peritoneal dialysis at home¹ 1 Paper extracted from doctoral dissertation "Attention in Peritoneal Dialysis at Home", presented to Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective:

to analyze the complications related to peritonitis and catheter exit-site infections, in patients on peritoneal dialysis at home.

Method:

quantitative and cross-sectional study, carried out with 90 patients on peritoneal dialysis at home, in a municipality in the Northeast region of Brazil. For data collection, it was used two structured scripts and consultation on medical records. Descriptive analysis and comparison tests among independent groups were used, considering p<0.05 as level of statistical significance.

Results:

by comparing the frequency of peritonitis and the length of treatment, it was found that patients over two years of peritoneal dialysis were more likely to develop peritonitis (X²=6.39; p=0.01). The number of episodes of peritoneal catheter exit-site infection showed association with the length of treatment (U=224,000; p=0.015).

Conclusion:

peritonitis and catheter exit-site infection are associated with the length of treatment.

Peritoneal Dialysis; Home Nursing; Nursing Care; Education, Nursing; Infection; Peritonitis

Length of treatment in months	Episodes of peritonitis
	0	1	2	≥ 3	Total
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Up to 12	19	70.4	7	25.9	1	3.7	-	-	27	100.0
13 to 24	14	73.7	3	15.8	2	10.5			19	100.0
25 to 36*	4	40.0	3	30.0	1	10.0	2	20.0	10	100.0
> 36*	15	44.1	11	32.3	4	11.8	4	11.8	34	100.0
Total	52	57.8	24	26.7	08	8.9	6	6.6	90	100.0

Number of non-attendance	Episodes of peritonitis
	0	1	2	≥ 3	Total
	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)
Zero	13 (14.4)	3 (3.3)	1 (1.1)	1 (1.1)	18 (20.0)
One	11 (12.2)	3 (3.3)	1 (1.1)	-	15 (16.7)
Two	9 (10.0)	3 (3.3)	1 (1.1)	1 (1.1)	14 (15.5)
Three	5 (5.6)	1 (1.1)	1 (1.1)	1 (1.1)	8 (8.9)
Four	1 (1.1)	1 (1.1)	1 (1.1)	2 (2.2)	5 (5.5)
Five or more	13 (14.4)	13 (14.4)	3 (3.3)	1 (1.1)	30 (33.3)
Total	52 (57.8)	24 (26.7)	8 (8.9)	6 (6.7)	90 (100)

Length of treatment in months	Catheter Exit-Site Infection
	0	1	2	3	≥ 4	Total
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Up to 12	14	51.8	7	25.9	4	14.8	1	3.7	1	3.7	27	100.0
13 to 24	10	52.6	6	31.5	3	15.7	-	-	-	-	19	100.0
25 to 36	3	30.0	3	30.0	1	10.0	1	10.0	2	20.0	10	100.0
> 36	7	20.5	5	14.7	6	17.6	3	8.8	13	38.2	34	100.0
Total	34	37.7	21	23.3	14	15.5	05	5.5	16	17.7	90	100.0

Occurrence of Catheter Exit-Site Infection	n	Length of treatment in months (average)	Standard Deviation
No Catheter Exit-Site Infection	34	27.41	28.97
An episode	21	29.47	28.95
Two or more episodes	35	46.22^*	26.15
Total	90

Income in MW ^*	Catheter Exit-Site Infection
	0	1	2	≥ 3	Total
	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)
≤ 1	22 (24.4)	14 (15.6)^†	11 (12.2)	11 (12.2)	58 (64.5)
≤ 2	8 (8.9)	4 (4.4)	3 (3.3)	3 (3.3)	18 (20.0)
< 3	3 (3.3)	1 (1.1)	-	5 (5.6)	9 (10.0)
3 or +	1 (1.1)	2 (2.2)	-	2 (2.2)	5 (5.5)
Total	34 (37.8)	21 (23.3)	14 (15.6)	21 (23.3)	90 (100)

Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto / Universidade de São Paulo Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-902 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 (16) 3315-3451 / 3315-4407 - Ribeirão Preto - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rlae@eerp.usp.br

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[1] Corresponding Author: Maria Lúcia Zanetti Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto Departamento de Enfermagem Geral e Especializada Av. Bandeirantes, 3900 Bairro: Monte Alegre CEP: 14040-902, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil E-mail: zanetti@eerp.usp.br